Pass 1a category of difficulty. Categories of difficulty of passes. Kardyvach mountain cluster
By numbering you can find the pass on the map of the Western Caucasus, which is presented in the Maps section, or vice versa, when planning a hike on the map, see which passes are where.
1. Southern Dolomites (1A, 3397)
1a. Deer trail (1A, 3306)
2. 40th anniversary of the TASSR (1B*, 3328)
2a. Tatarsky Northern (1B, 3424)
3. Northern Dolomites (1B, 3444)
4. Okhotnichy (Dolomites) (1A, 3200)
5. Kichkinekol Maly (1A, 3204)
6. Chat Uzunkolsky (1A, 3311)
7. Talychat (Tallychat) (2A*, 3326)
7a. Talychat North (Roshen) (2A*, 3400) http://www.tourclub.kiev.ua/content/view/122/9/
7b. Deceptive (Talychat Western according to V. Lyapin) (1B, 3294)
8. Kichkinekol Medium (1B*, 3264)
9. Chungurjar (1B, 3350)
10. Science (2A, 3450)
11. Safety precautions (TB) (1B, 3352)
12. Gift (2A*, 3519) (according to Lyapin - Podarok Yuzhny)
13. Peretotny (1A, 3242)
14. Instructor's (1B, 3362)
15. Chungur East (2A, 3389)
16. Talychkhan Western (1B*, 3345)
17. Talychkhan Middle (2A-2B, approx. 3450)
18. Talychkhan Central (2A, 3415)
19. Talychkhan East (2A, 3346)
20. Talychkhan horn (2A*, 3423)
21. Manchhap Western (2A, 3278)
22. Manchhap East (1B, 3315)
23. Chope Verkhniy (1A*, 2919)
24. Chope (1A, 2597)
25. ACT (Achauchat, Azov CT) (2A, 3441)
25a. ACT (Achauchat, Azov CT) Skalny (2A, 3500?)
26. Burevestnik Yuzhny (1B, approx. 3420)
27. Burevestnik Severny (1B, approx. 3430)
28. Electric Yuzhny (1B, 3263)
29. Electrician (1A, 3177)
30. Neftyanik (1A, 3193)
31. Panoramic South (1A, 3268)
32. Panoramic North (1A, 3179)
33. Chiper Ice East (2B, 3346)
34. Chiper Ice (1B, 3218)
35. Chiper False (1B, 3267)
36. Chiper-Karachay (1A, 3285)
37. FAFT (1B*, 3387)
38. Kichkinekol Vostochny (1A*, 3367) / Svetly (1B*, ~3400) (I. Grekov, KPI Globus tourist club http://www.tkg.org.ua/node/18995) / Welders (1A, 3380) (T. Zaritskaya, 2009, )
39. Kichkinekol saddle (1B, 3546)
40. Ullukam South (1A, 3429)
40a. Ulukam North (1A, 3314)
41. Nenskra West (1B, 3272)
42. Kherson Division (1B, 3303)
43. Nenskra Central (1B, 3328)
44. Baby (1B, 3336)
45. Nenskra East (Triple) (1B, 3301)
46. Four fools (1B, 3448)
47. Azau (1A, 3428)
48. 40th anniversary of the Komsomol (2A, 3489)
49. Hasanhoysürulgen South (1B, 3493)
50. Hasanhoysürulgen North (1B, 3471)
51. Hotyutau (1A-1B, 3546)
52. Filter (Burevestnik) (3A, 3500)
53. Twins (Communist) (3A*, 3500)
54. Chocolate (2B*, 3400)
55. Irchat (2A, 3311)
56. Dalar (1B*, 3291)
57. Myrdy (1B, 3250)
58. Saken-Dalar (1B, 3103)
59. Dalar South (1B*, 3381)
60. Saken (1B*, 3200)
61. Marchichi (Margichi) (1B?, 3200?)
61a. Memul (1A, 3023)
61b. Sharai (1B*, 3150)
61c. Okrila (1B, 3100)
62. "Saken South" (1B*, 3297)
63. Belova (Tskhvandyr) (2A, 3199)
64. Myrdy-Saken (2B, 3248)
65. Voronezhsky (3A*, 3756)
66. Aktobe (1B, 3250)
67. Gwandra Malaya (1B, 3270)
68. Karabashi (2A, 3400)
69. Pyramid (2A, 3400)
70. Ak Yuzhny (1B, 3400)
71. Ak Severny (1A*, 3454)
72. Aktur East (1B, 3483)
73. Aktur Western (1B, 3400)
74. Aktur (1A, 3300)
75. "Akkyshtyk" (2A?, 3400?)
75a. 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet (2B*, 3538)
76. Jalpakkol South (1A, 3358)
77. Jalpakkol North (1A, 3400)
78. Jalpakkol Central (1B, 3493)
79. n/k
80. Belyaeva (1B, 3471)
81. Cherenkol (1A*, 3300)
82. Outlook of Myrda (1A, 2900)
83. Trident (1A, 3300)
84. Mao (Maysky) (1A, 3551)
85. Dream (1B?, 3550?)
86. Plevako (1B, 3500)
87. "Plevako Northern" (2A, 3500)
88. "Plevako Vostochny" (1A, 3400)
89. "Mursaly-Cherenkol" (1A?, 3252)
90. Sports club MEPhI (2A, 3550)
91. Nevsky (2A, 3500)
92. Mursaly (1B*, 3525)
93. Traverse (1A, 3400)
94. Kursho (1B*, 3381)
95. Knife (1A, 3268)
96. Crocus (2A*, 3410)
97. Leningradets (1B, 3446)
98. Peacock (1B, 3350)
99. "Northern Peacock" (1A?, 3160)
100. Sunny (1B, 3322)
101. "Nozhu Northern" (1A, 3300)
102. Kertmeli-Uchkulanichi (1A*, 3300)
103. Kertmeli-Uchkulanichi North (1A, 3300)
104. Red scree (1A, 3300)
105. Rusty (1A, 3400)
106. Kyzylkol-Kertmeli (1B, 3350)
107. Kyzylkol-Kertmeli False (1B*, p.o., 3300)
108. Suicidal (1B*, p.o., 3350)
109. Ozerny (1A, 3200)
110. Idle (1A, 3180)
111. "Mursaly-Uchkulanichi" (1B, 3190)
112. Tyrmen (1A, 3350)
113. "Tyrmen Upper" (1B?, 3400?)
114. "Tyrmen-Chkhurbashi" (n/k, 3200)
115. "Chkhurbashi-Ekibekaras" (1A, 3300)
116. "Ekuch" (Ekibekaras-Uchkulanichi) (1B?, 3400?)
117. "Mursaly-Uchkulanichi Northern" (1B?, 3300?)
118. Tikaush (2B, 3426)
119. Murzuk (2A, 3208)
120. Gwandra-Saken (1B, 3417)
120a. Andarhua (1B, 3076)
121. Irene (I. Stepanova) (2B*, 3523)
122. Bondarenko (Globus) (2A, 3467)
123. Kichkinekol Western (2A, 3400)
123a. Viktor Tsoi (3A*, 3278)
124. Gondarai (1A*, 2938)
125. Spartak (2A, 2987)
126. Klych-Gwandra Western (1B, 3069)
127. Klych-Gwandra East (1B, 3050)
128. Gondarai-Klych (1B, 3220)
129. Gondarai-Nahar (1B, 3196)
129a. ~2A
130. Turov (1B, 3237)
131. “Zakyllachat” (2A??, 3300?)
132. Jubilee Naharsky (1B, p.o., 3350)
133. Kyiv?? (1B, p.o., 3400)
133b. Kyiv?? ~2B-3A
133v. "Nakharskaya Gap" (3B, ~3600)
134. Needle (3A, 3450)
134a. "Rocky Naharsky" (~3A, ~3450)
135. Mirror (2B*, 3500) (p/p M. Golubev, 2011)
136. Female (Assumption) (1B, 2984) // from the east there is a difficult ravine, possibly on 2B
137. Domashny (Chegetchat) (1A, 2963) // from the east there is a difficult ravine, possibly at 2A
138. Nahar (n/k, 2885)
139. Nahar West (1A, 3069)
140. Chauluchat South (2A, 3189)
140a. Bulgar (3A, 3230)
141. Klukhor East (2A, 3292)
142. Klukhor (n/k, 2782)
143. Chauluchat (2A, 3163)
144. Kichi-Muruju South (1A, 3144)
145. Kichi-Muruju (1A, 3136)
146.
147. Saddle 3509 (3A-3B, climbed radially from the west by A.I. Safonov in 2010, 3509 m)
147a. about 2B
148. Kichi-Muruju Northern False (2B, 3550)
149. Kichi-Muruju North (2B, 3502)
150. Saddle (1B, 3402)
151. Mironova (2A, 3586)
152. Daut Western (2A, 3475)
153. "Northern Saddle" (1B, 3386)
154. Kasaeva Osmana (2B, 3497)
155. Daut (2A*, 3400)
156. Dautskaya Gap (2A*, 3350)
157. Knot (1B, 3294)
158. Salamander (1B*, 3350)
158a. Angel (1B, 3220)
159. Neftyanik (1B, 3303)
160. Spark (1B*, 3387)
160a. Trekhozerny Nizhny (1B, 3200)
160b. Trekhozerny Verkhniy (1B, 3300)
161. Iskrovtsev (1B, 3356)
162. Leaky (1B, 3300)
163. Ullukul Western (1B*, 3107)
164. Ullukul East (1A, 2986)
165. Long Scree (1A*, s.z.n., 3000)
166. Ullukul Nizhny (n/k, 2933)
167. Nadozerny (2A, 3453)
168. Panoramic 1st (1A, 2836)
169. Panoramic 2nd (1A, 2950)
170. Lokomotivtsev (1B, 3200)
171. "Ryndzhi-Age" (1B*, 3200)
172. Intermediate (1B, 3100)
173. Uchkulan South (1A, 3250)
174. Uchkulan (1B, 3200)
175. Uchkulan Northern (1B???, 3200)
176. Karasu (n/k???, 2964)
177. Ybchik (n/k, 2542)
178. MEPhI East (2A, 3329)
179. MEPhI Western (2A, 3300)
180. ? (1A, ?)
181. Ullu-Muruju (1B*, 3341)
182. Muruju (1B*, 3263)
183. Panorama (1A, 3150)
184. Red Saddle (1B, 2984)
185. Interbumpy (1A, 3000)
186. Mezozerny (1A, 3000)
187. Panorama Western (1B, 3088)
188. Gedeyzh (1A, 3052)
189. MTILP (1B*, 3300)
190. Rynji-Muruju (1B*, 3400)
191. Lokomotiv (2A, 3356)
192. Peacock eye (2A, 3400)
193. Nazly-Rynji (1B, 3389)
194. Nazalykol (1A, 3302)
195. Nazalykol False (1B*, 3400)
196. Nazly-Rynji Northern (1B, 3400)
197. Jolsuzchat (Jolsu-Chat) (1B*, 3400)
198. Garalykol (2A, 3450)
199. Granilshchikova (2B, 3500)
200. Nazaly-Garaly (1B, 3400)
201. Shumka (1A, 3200)
202. Talabashi (n/k, 2489)
203. Nazalybek (1A, 3300)
203a. Nazalybek Nizhny (1A, 3030)
203b. Walking (2A-2B, p.o., 3500)
204. Garalykol Northern (2B, 3410) settlement Karminsky Alexander Valerievich, 2010, Rostov-on-Don, description on mountain.ru in July 2011
204a. Kurumny (1B*, 3472)
204b. Rynji-Jolsuzchat (1A, 3200? m) Karminsky settlement
205. "Garaly-Daut" (~2A, 3250)
206. Dzhalkaush South (1B, 3150)
207. Dzhalkaush (1A, 3141)
208. Dzhalkaush Northern (1B, 3300?)
209. Kyshkhajer (1A, 3226)
210. Epchik (n/k, 3017)
211. "Epchik Upper" (1A?, 3200)
212. "Epchik-Kyshkhadzher" (1A?, 3200)
213. "Kuldun Western" (1A?, 3300)
214. "Kuldun Central" (1A?, 3300)
215. "Kuldun East" (1A?, 3300)
216. Klukhorkaya (2A, 2975)
217. Hackel (2B, 3362)
218. Khakel-Achapara (2A, 3240)
219. Khakel-Chotcha (2B, 3238)
220. Chotcha East (2B, 3125)
221. Chotcha (2B, 3161)
222. Achapara (3A, 3241)
223. Dynkina (2A*, 3250)
224. Anukva (2A, 3143)
225. Hetskvara (3A, 3244)
226. Hetskvara Western (2B, 3193)
227. Buulgen-Chotcha (3A, 3479)
228. Festival (3A*, 3650)
229. Overview (1A, 3022)
230. Buulgen (2B, 3450)
231. Buulgen-Ptysh (2A, 3331)
232. School (2B, 3183)
233. Dombay saddle (Fischer, Freshfield saddle) (2B*, 3633)
234. Chuchkhur (n/k, 2712)
235. White Saddle (1A*, 3118)
236. Musa-Achitara Krugozor (1A, 3012)
237. Dombaysky (2A, 3215)
238. Alluring (2A, 3261)
239. South Dombai Passage Lower (1A, 2779)
240. South Dombai Passage Upper (1B, 2852)
241. Dombaysky South (2A, 3300)
242. Military (2B, 3245)
243. Ptysh (1B, 2995)
244. Atsgara Ptyshsky (2A, 3394)
245. Akbek East (2B*, 3330)
246. Akbek West (2B*, 3495)
247. Ine (2A*, 3395)
248. Dzhuguturlyuchat (3A, 3614)
249. Truth (3A, 3395)
250. Popova Jumper (3A*, 3448)
251. "Amanauz South" (2A, 3510)
252. Amanauz (3A, 3455)
253. Sofrudzhu South (2B*, 3283)
254. Sofrudju (2A, 3494)
255. Belalakaya (2A, 3435)
256. Jessarsky (2B, 3642)
257. Chhaltadzikh (2A, 3236)
258. 40 years of Victory (3A*, 3400)
259. Saamova Igor (3B, 3400)
260. Erzog (3A, 3487)
261. Duke of the South (2B, 3550)
262. Erzog Nizhny (2A, 3210)
263. Zhukov Marshal Yuzhny (3A, 3650)
264. Zhukov Marshal Northern (2B, 3650)
265. Jalauchat (1B, 3046)
266. Square (1B, 3068)
267. Through (Window) (1B, 3076)
268. Sulahat South (1B, 3215)
269. Nogi Sulahat (2A*, 3350)
270. Sulahat (1A*, 3143)
271. Alibek (1A, 3168)
272. Kichi-Teberda Western (1A*, 3150)
273. Kichi-Teberda Central (1A, 3095)
274. Kichi-Teberda East (74) (1B, 3150)
275. 73's (1A*, 3148)
276. Crystal (1A, 3058)
277. Khuty (1A, 3178)
278. Khuty Upper (Five fingers) (2A, 3250)
279. Little Red Riding Hood (1B, 3300)
280. Ullu-Marka (2A, 3519)
281. Upper Mark (1A, 3300)
282. Spur (1B, 3297)
283. Baduk-Khuty (1A, 3131)
284. Baduk Traverse (1B, 3150)
285. Baduk (n/k, 3004)
286. Baduk-Khuty False (1B*, 3150)
287. Marka-Bashi East (2A, 3350)
288. Marka-Bashi Western (2A, 3350)
289. Aryuchat (1A, 2994)
290. Novichkov (1B*, 3100)
291. "Baduk-Khadzhibey" (approx. 2B, approx. 3200) (failed)
292. Hadzhibey-Marka South (2A, 3338)
293. Hadzhibey-Marka Central (2A, 3356)
294. Hadzhibey-Marka Northern (1B*, 3314)
295. Azgek Upper (1B, 3446)
296. Azgek (1A, 3168)
297. Gurpun (n/k, 2493)
298. Gurpun Verkhniy (1A?, 2780) (failed)
299. Educational (Dzhuguturlyuchat Azgeksky) (2A, 3440)
300. Kichi-Marka (2A, 3320)
301. Toguzkol (1A, 3230)
302. "Kichi-Marka Western" (1A*?, 3400?) (failed)
303. "Kichi-Marka Nizhny" (1A?, 3354) (failed)
304. "Sosnovy" (1A, 3280) (failed)
305. Muhu (n/k, 2764)
306. Kichi-Aush (n/k, 2732)
307. "Loop" (n/k, 3000)
308. Hatipara (1A, 2823)
309. "Bulls" (1A, 3000) (passage unknown)
310. Kyngyrchat (Kynyrchad, Kyngyr-Chad) (1А?, 3350) (http://forum.gknpi.ru/viewtopic.php?t=14)
311. Two-color (1A?, 3220) (http://forum.gknpi.ru/viewtopic.php?t=14)
312. "Kelchat" (Kelchad) (1A, 3170) (passage unknown)
313. Kelchat Western (1A, 3070) (climbed by Boris Plotnikov in 1996)
314. "Bald" (n/k, 2610)
315. "Achkhishtara" (n/k, 2800)
316. "Orta-Ghidam" (1A, 3200)
317. "Kishkit Nizhny" (1A, 3030)
318. "Kishkit Upper" (1A, 3050) (Kelchad according to the classifier)
319. Two-color Eastern (1A?, 3180)
320. To the guides (n/k, 2980)
321. Kysy-Pasaut (n/k, 2770)
322. Foggy (2B, 3530)
323. Khamurza (2A, 3199)
324. Aksaut Small (2A, 3331)
325. Savitskaya Svetlana (2B*, 3200)
326. Aksaut Northern (2B, 3231)
327. Aksaut Nizhny (1A, 2867)
328. Aksaut Western (2A, 3263)
328a. Aksaut (Molodchego?) (2A, 3211)
329. Aksaut South (Aksaut?) (1B, 3050)
330. Bratsky (1B, 3290)
331. Chkhalta-Karach (1B, 3155)
332. Marukhkaya (3A, 3512)
333. South Karakaysky (2B, 3286)
334. West Karakai (2B, 3000)
335. Marukh (Marukhsky) (1A, 2748)
336. 810 Infantry Regiment (1B, 2961)
337. North Karakaysky (1B, 3095)
338. Khalega (n/k, 3027)
339. Chegetchat (1A, 3191)
340. "Ten Lakes" (n/k, 2993)
341. Khodyuka (n/k, 2981)
342. Kyzylaush (n/k, 2871)
342a. Chegetchat2 (n/k-1A, 2900)
343. Bugoychat False (1A, 3046)
344. Bugoychat (n/k, 2873)
345. "Bugoychat Northern" (1A, 2850)
346. Chigordali South (n/k, 2831)
347. Chigordali (n/k, 2752)
348. Chigordali North (n/k, 2500)
349. Arkhyz Sedlo (n/k, 2200)
350. Ozerny Arkhyzsky (n/k, 2620)
351. Chabakly (n/k, 2730)
352. Karabek (n/k, 2330)
353. Kizgych-Marukh (1B??, 3000?)
354. Kurella (2A, 2837)
355. Chvakhra (1B, 2954)
356. "Chvakhra South" (1A?, 2733)
357. Salynngan (1B, 3023)
358. Adange (n/k, 2299)
359. Adange Central (n/k, 2421)
359a. Adange South (n/k, 2379)
360. Kongur (1B, 2903)
361.3027 (1A, 3027)
362. Satkharo (1B, 2950)
363. Sunny Arkhyz (1B?, 3100)
364. Asyrkha (1B, 3050)
365. Kizgych (1B, 2997)
365a. 3100 (1B, 3100)
366. Kizgych-Chamagvara (2A, 3200)
367. Kizgych False (1B, 2988)
368. Zhdanovsky (Zhdanovtsev) (2A, 3100)
369. Chuchkhurskaya Gap (1B*, 3154)
370. Traverse Arkhyzsky (1B*, 3150)
371. Chuchkhur of Arkhyz (1B, 3063) / dangerous ram foreheads!
372. Bunny ears (1A, 3192)
373. Bypass Arkhyz (1A*, 2600)
374. New (1B**, 3000)
375. Kholodovsky (1A*, 3175)
376. Ak-Ayry (Slavutich???) (1B, 3150)
376a. Akmana (2A, 3250)
377. Ak-Ayry East (1B, 3100)
378. Kozhukhova (Topal-Aush) (2A, 3400)
378a. ~2B-3A, approx. 3500
378b. Sophia Window (1B, approx. 3100)
379. Sofia saddle (n/k, 2571)
380. Hope (1B, 3120)
381. Bashjol (Capital) (1A, 3048)
382. Köl'ausch (Steep) (1A, 2866)
383. Irkiz (Irkis) (1A, 2871)
384. Karajash (1A, 3022)
384a. Karajash East (1A, 2450) http://arhiz.yanval.ru/orel_dale#1
384b. 1B (http://arhiz.yanval.ru/orel_dale#gn)
384v. Gammesh-Chat (1B, 3035)
385. Eaglet (1B, 3024)
385a. Eaglet Additional (1A, 2400)
385b. 2A-2B
386. Tokmak (2A, 3076)
387. Chamagvara (2A, 3098)
388. Psysh (2B*, 3350)
389. Crab (Dog ears) (1B*, 3125)
390. Skeu (1B, 2762)
391. Skeu Nizhny (n/k, 2546)
392. Naur (1A, 2839)
393. Magana (1A, 2948)
394. Pshish (Pshish-Uzlovoy, Hillary)(2B**, 3350)
395. Magana False (2A, 3140)
396. Bear Arkhyzsky (1B, 2811)
397. Psyrs (1B, 3228)
398. Small Amanauz (Tornau) (2A, 3326)
399. Minsky (2B*, 3196)
400. Amanauz Arkhyz (2A, 3156)
401. Amanauz North (1B, 3195)
402. Azimba (1B, 3190)
403. Vorontsova-Velyaminova (1B, 3130)
404. Poachers (1A, 2831)
405. Duritsky (1A*, 3030)
406. Dorbun (1A, 2882)
407. Olezhek (Togliatti) (1A, 2903) http://veter.turizm.ru/36/a_nazva.shtml
408. Dukkabashi (1A, 2985) // was: Deer (1A, 2998)
408a. Separate (1A, 2820) // was: Klyukovsky (1A)
409. Deer (1A, 2922) // was: Ayulyu Upper (1A, 2917)
410. Ayulu (1A, 2874)
411. Temir-Kulak (Temirkulak) (1A, 3025)
412. Dukkah (n/k, 2637)
412a. 2600 (1B, 2600) (Bondarev, p. 114)
412b. Lateral Dukkinsky (1B) (R.Sh.Islamov, 2nd class on foot, 2003, MGCTK, This email address is being protected from spambots. You must have JavaScript enabled to view it.)
413. Phiya (n/k, 2162)
414. "Rechepsta-Phia" (n/k, 2796)
415. Atsgara (Atsgora) (n/k, 2715)
416. Chilik (1A, 2890)
417. "Atsgora Upper" (1A, 2726)
418. Azhoga (Urup-Azhoga) (n/k, 2648)
418a. Nadezhda Atsgarsky (1B, 2500)
419. Urup-Phiya (1A, 2646)
420. Zagedan lakes (1B, 2732)
420a. Shhuanta (1A, 2700)
420b. ~2A, but from the east it looks more logical than the Seventeen Pass
421. Zagedansky (Zagedan) (1B, 2783)
422. Gray-haired (Kirthua) (1B, 2846)
422a. Sosnovy Urupsky (n/k, 2800)
422b. Urup-Atsgara (1A, 2850)
422v. Goldmine (1A?, 2850?) // http://www.skitalets.ru/mountain/2006/arhiz_deshere/
422g. Sarastra (Saratov-Astrakhan) (1B, 2700) // http://www.skitalets.ru/mountain/2006/arhiz_deshere/
422d. Urup-Zagedanka (n/k, 2800)
423. Bogatyrsky (1B*, 3130)
424. Psykela (Penkela) (1A, 3040)
425. Waterfall Arkhyz (1B, 2910)
426. Gloomy (1A*, 3026)
427. Zaozerny (Simple) (1A, 2700)
428. Rechepsta (1A*, 2892)
428a. "Rechepsta Vostochny" (1A-1B, ca. 2850)
429. Kynhara (Adygea) (1A(?!), 2853)
430. High (1B, 3109)
431. "2986" (n/k, 2986)
432. Kyzylchuk (1B, 3046)
433. Seventeen (1B, 2956)
433a. Kyafar-Rechepsta (1B*, 2950) from Bondarev’s book
433b. ? (1B-2A, approx. 3000)
433v. Seventeen North (1B*, approx. 2900)
434. Pervomaisky (1B*, 2960)
435. Mylgval (Agur the Great) (1A, 2848)
436. Kyafar Upper (1A, 2853)
437. Kyafar (Kumbyzh) (n/k, 2798)
438. Placer Hill (n/k, 2200)
438a. Ilyasov (n/k, 2200)
439. Agur (South) (1A, 2968)
439a. Agur Northern (1A, 2970)
440. Fedoseeva (1A, 2987)
441. Double Arkhyz Southern (Turiy) (Agur tooth) (1B*, 2971)
442. Double Arkhyz Northern (Agur) (1B*, 2940)
443. Agur plateau (1B, 2986)
444. Grozovoy (1B, 2843)
444a. Tserkovny (Yu.Agursky) (approx. 1B*, 2900)
444b. Moskovsky (1A, 2865)
445. Barite (1A, 2809)
445a. Pioneer Arkhyzsky (1A, 2900)
445b. Arkhyz (1A, 2970)
446. Kyafarsky Small (n/k, 2730)
447. Beryuaush (Wolf) (n/k, 2600)
448. Rocky (n/k, 2500)
449. Zborovsky (n/k, 2300)
449a. Generovskaya Beam (n/k, 1600)
450. Observatory Arkhyz (n/k, 2250)
451. Kasaevsky (n/k, 2450)
452. Fina (n/k, 2650)
453. Laba (Labinsky, Mokry) (n/k, 2614)
454. Laba Zapadny (Labinsky Zapadny) (n/k, 2575)
455. Tsegerkulir (Tsargekhulir) (n/k, 2539)
456. Gvashthva Upper (n/k, approx. 2200)
457. Gvasthva (n/k, 2042)
458. Zegerker (not Magana!) (n/k, 2265)
459. Devil's Gate (2A, 2900)
459a. Devil's Gate (according to other sources) (2A, 2900)
460. Gribza (2A, 2850)
461. Komandirsky (2A?, 2900?)
462. Secret (1A, 2800)
463. Abgetski (Abgytskha, Abzgezgi) (1B, 2830)
464. Cold (1A, 2600)
465. Secretive (n/k, 2846)
466. 46 armies (1A, 2755)
467. 25th Border Regiment (n/k, 2709)
468. Vasilyeva (1B, 2850)
469. Alashtrahu (Allashtrahu) (n/k, 2723)
470. Chamashkha (n/k, 2052)
471. Sancharsky (Sancharo) (n/k, 2589)
472. Tsybishkha (Chibishkha) (n/k, 2084)
473. Sancharsky Verkhniy (1A, 2750)
474. Adzapsh (Sour) (n/k, 2497)
475. Adzapsh Nizhny (n/k, 2295)
476. White (Larue) (n/k, 2486)
477. Gentle (n/k, 2405)
478. Student Adzapshsky (1A, 2490)
479. Machitsko (n/k, 2500)
480. Friendship (Minvody) (Mironova) (n/k, 2463)
481. Chmahara (n/k, 2336)
482. Ahitari (n/k, 2371)
483. Makera (n/k, 2380)
484. Damkhurts (n/k, 2452)
485. Damkhurts East (n/k, 2351)
485a. 1A-1B - ?
486. Mamkhurts Upper (1A, 2642)
487. Mamkhurts (1A, 2525)
488. Mamkhurts-Makera (1A, 2403)
489. Seven lakes (1A, 2550)
490. Quiet (1A, 3012)
491. Additional Damkhurtsky (n/k, 2934)
492. Imereti (not less than 1B*, 2950)
492a. Maryinsky (Maryansky) (1B, 3100)
492b. Chocolate Imereti (1B, 3020)
493. Difficult (approx. 1B, 3000)
494. Kvata (n/k, 2350)
494a. Quata False (1B, 2500)
495. Lugansk (n/k, 2428)
496. Umpyrsky (n/k, 2528)
497. Magisho (n/k, 2880)
498. Adjara (Adjarian) (1А?, 2700)
499. Avadhara (Audahara) (1B, 28AChel00)
500. Tsakhvoa (1B, 2995) http://www.westra.ru/passes/Passes/3340, http://www.progressor.ru/outdoor/titancat/pass/
500a. Thirteen (1B, 2800)
501. Kardyvach (1A, 2823)
502. Tsyndyshkho (1A, 2750)
503. Chernomorsky (Chernorechensky) (1B, 2290)
504. Smidovicha (1A, 2749)
505. Mzymta (2A, 2850)
506. Cool (1A, 2765)
507. Pedestrian (1A, 2980)
508. ???
508a. Solid (~2A, ~3000)
509. Ahuk-Dara (n/k, 2050)
510. Kukhateku (Kuteheku) (n/k, 2400)
511. Loyub (1A, 2700)
512. Five (Five Loyubsky) (1A, 2592)
512a. Tourist Loyubsky (1A, 2815)
512b. Flowerbed (n/k, 2700)
513. Kuban (Labinsky) (1A, 2745)
514. Four Aishkhinsky (1A, 2545)
515. Atsetuksky (n/k, 2130)
516. Krasnaya Gorka (Defense) (1A, 3100)
517. “Saddle with an obelisk” - from Marukh to Elbrus, p.92
518. Pseashkha (n/k, 2014)
519. Timukhina (3A, 2900)
520. 75 years of KGBZ (1B, 3150)
521. Marble (1B*, 2800)
522. Stroiteley False (1B, 2940)
523. Builders (1A*, 2800)
524. Aishkha (n/k, 2401)
525. Grigora (3A, 3150)
526. Crazy (1B, 2650)
526a. Nadezhda Agepstinsky (n/k, 2453)
526b. 24 (1A, 2555)
526v. Turya Gate (n/a, 2500)
527. Sinerechinsky (2A, 2750)
528. Shaposhnikova (2B, 2450)
529. Chugush Western (2B, 2700)
530. Eastern Chugush (Snow White) (1A, 2675)
531. Borchevsky (3A, 3100)
532. Vasilyeva Urushtensky (2A, 2600)
533. Camel (2B?, 2500)
534. Jitaku (1B, 2700)
535. Koshkareva False (1B, 2740)
536. Koshkareva (1B, 2700)
537. Urushten South (1A*, 2830)
538. Transcaucasus (1B, 2640)
539. Chugush South (1B, 2760)
540. Julia (1B*, 2500)
540a.
541. Nine (1A, 2801)
542. Chelipsi (1A, 2870)
542a. Gardener (n/k?, 2900?)
543. Alous (n/k, 1950)
544. Aishkha-2 (n/k, 1965)
545. Reinhardt (1A, 2280)
546. Lashipse (n/k, 2300)
547. Anchkha (Anchho) (n/k, 2031)
548. SAO (n/k, 2300)
549. Ark (1A, 2600)
550. Alan (2A, 2Bld in autumn, 3100)
Travel time from border to forest border: 5-6 hours, in winter: 5-8 hours.
History and date of first ascent: the pass was first passed by Irkutsk tourists during an expedition to classify the passes in October 1970. The pass was named after the first letters of the members of the team that explored the pass: Bukhaltseva G., Egorov Yu., Pelageikin V.N., Kukushkin V. N. (director), Antipyev G.N., Nemchenko M.I.
Special equipment: main rope
The pass is one of the most popular and reliable passages through the GVH; it is often used to enter or exit the route in conjunction with the lane. Dinosaur (1A).
The pass is located in the right cirque of the main stream (Barun-Khandagai river). Approach to the lake located at the foot of the lane. A dinosaur walks along a stream along screes and swamps, overcoming moraines. Above the lake, you can continue moving along the bed of the stream flowing from the circus, or you can go sharply to the left (100-150 m, up to 25-30 ° to the moraine and traversing an inclined plateau composed of smoothed bedrock, approach the pass. The saddle is expressed quite clearly - This is an oval scree saddle, sandwiched by rocky peaks. The pass take-off with a length of 80-100 m and a steepness of 30-35° passes along a medium-talus slope and leads to the saddle. The duration of the climb from the forest border is about 2-3 hours.
The saddle of the pass is wide and scree. Tour in the center. Clearly visible p. SOAN, lane. Snezhny (1B), lane. Dinosaur (1A).
Directly below the saddle there is a rocky fault, so to descend you need to go to the right with a traverse of 40-50 m (read as a trail), and then down along a talus couloir sandwiched by rocks. The steepness of the couloir is 25-30°, the length is about 100 m. And further to the lake, located at the bottom of the circus along a long scree slope (about 400 m, up to 35-40°). The duration of the descent is about 1 hour.
From under the pass, move along the moraines along the right stream, to the forest border for about 40-50 minutes.
From the side of the river Bilyuta Pass is located on the left (along the way) between the peaks almost at the end of the circus. The saddle is trapezoidal, clearly expressed.
In winter, the approach to the pass is on skis. The approach and ascent to the pass itself is practically not dangerous for avalanches. When reaching the saddle, stick to the scree on the left (as you go).
The descent and traverse towards Bilyuta is potentially dangerous for an avalanche. Movement here must be carried out in compliance with all avalanche safety measures along the rocks.
The rollout from under the pass is also potentially dangerous for an avalanche - there have been cases of powerful side avalanches almost in the forest zone.
The time to pass the pass in winter may increase by 1-2 hours.
Description provided by L.E. Streluk.
This list contains brief information about the passes located on the territory of the Caucasian Nature Reserve. The eastern border of the Reserve runs along the watercourses of the river. Damkhurts and R. Bolshaya Laba, and captures the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic; the southern one runs either along the side spurs or along the Main Watershed Range within the Kasnodar Territory. The western border is located on the western and northwestern edge of the Lagonaki plateau. In the north, the border stretches along the systems of the Skalisty and Peredovoy ridges.
This list was created on the basis of the previously published List of passes in the mountainous part of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea (Butvin I., Samoilenko A., 1997), taking into account the information and clarifications accumulated over the last decade.
This list provides information on 172 passes, with 71 passes (i.e. the largest number) having a difficulty category of “1A”. These are natural obstacles that are easy to overcome: scree, rock and snow slopes with a steepness of up to 30°, or gentle glaciers without cracks, or steep grassy slopes. There may be trails on the approaches to these passes. The simplest passes - non-categorical ones - are presented in the “List” in the amount of 45. The number of passes “1B” - “2A” of the difficulty category is 43. These are simple and moderately steep sections (up to 45°), where the use of special climbing equipment is sometimes necessary. Difficult passes, “2B” – “3A” difficulty categories, are presented in the number of 13, which is only 7.5% of the total number of all described passes.
The passes in the list are grouped according to local sections of large mountain ranges or their groups, according to established tourist and mountaineering mountain lists, and also depending on the absolute height. For each pass in the list the following data is provided: serial number within the subdistrict; name of the pass; altitude in meters above sea level (data is given either from marks on topographic maps or from altimeter readings); category of difficulty of the pass in summer and the nature of the main areas determining the difficulty of the pass (rocks, scree, ice, snow, grass, forest); river valleys, lakes, glaciers that connect passes. The note provides additional information: information about the first ascent (who and when), geographical features, historical and toponymic information.
The “List” identifies the following local areas:
(Lagonaki Highlands, Fisht-Oshtenovsky massif).
(Amuco massif - Big Chura - Achishkho, Tybga - Dzhemaruk - Chugush massif, Assar ridges- Vorobyova - Jitaku - Urushten, Dzhuga-Bambak massifs).
3. Thachi - Acheshbok massifs.
4. Eastern part of the Caucasus Nature Reserve (Pseashkha massif, Chelipsi-Alous-Yatyrgvarta massifs; Aishkha ridge; Rocky massif; Tsakhvoa (Herzen) ridge; Kardyvach mountain cluster; Yukha-Damkhurts massifs: Imereti mountain cluster; Aibginsky and Atsetuksky ridges).
5. Magiso-Gentu massifs.
Let's look at each of them briefly.
1. Northwestern part of the Caucasus Nature Reserve
Lagonaki Highlands stands out as a separate structure in the Western Caucasus mountain system and adjoins the GKH from the north in the area of the Belorechensky pass and Chigursan pass. It is located between the Belaya and Pshekha rivers. The borders are drawn along the cliffs of the Nagoy-Chuk massif and the Montenegro plateau in the west, rocky ledges of the Stone Sea and Azish-Tau ridges in the east; in the south the border passes along the Guzeripl, Armenian and Belorechensky passes. The highest point of the highland is Mount Fisht (2868 m). The total area is about 700 km2.
The Lagonaki Plateau is a small remnant of a vast mid-mountain country that once existed in the Caucasus. The modern surface is a kind of cuesta, caused by the monoclinal occurrence of layers. Some of the passes (Maikopsky, Geimanovsky Gates, etc.) are located in places where limestone rocks come to the surface, forming vertical walls.
The southern edge of the highland is bordered by a mountain group Fisht-Oshtenovsky massif . This structure resembles a huge impregnable fortress. The massifs of the Fisht and Pshekho-Su mountains are bordered on almost all sides by rocky cliffs and huge glacial cirques. A little far from them stands the Oshtenovsky massif, which is connected to Mount Fisht by a bridge of the Fisht-Oshtenovsky pass (2205 m).
In total, we collected information on 15 passes on Lagonaki, including 13 non-category passes, 1 - 1-A, 1 -1-B class. Heights vary from 1463 m to 2675 m (Oshten Saddle).
For a long time, trade routes to the sea went through some passes. In pre-war times, the famous 30th All-Union route “Across Adygea to the Black Sea” began to operate, which crossed the Guzeriplsky (1965 m), Armenian (1852 m), Belorechensky (1782 m), Cherkessky (1836 m) lanes. A little later, the 825th All-Union planned route (Maykop-Lazarevskoye) began to function, starting on foot from the Lagonaki camp and then proceeding through the lane. Azishsky (1775 m), Abadzeshsky (2043 m), Oshtenovsky (2117 m), Maikopsky (1950 m), Chigursan (1889 m).
2. Western part of the Caucasus Nature Reserve
Amuko - Bolshaya Chura - Achishkho massifs. The Amuko ridge with the 1918 m peak of the same name adjoins the GKH from the southwest in the area of Mount Bolshaya Chura. The length of the ridge from west to east is about 10 km. 1 Amuko pass with grassy-talus slopes is classified, located in the southwestern shoulder of Mount Amuko and connecting the Agva (Sochi River basin) and Ushkha (Sochi River basin) rivers. In the off-season, 1-A class is assessed.
The Bolshaya Chura massif is located in the axial zone of the Main Watershed and adjoins the Amuko Ridge on the eastern side. The highest point is Mount Bolshaya Chura (2250.7 m). The massif has steep southern and western slopes, relative elevations are up to 1000-1100 m. Above the 2-kilometer isoline there are open areas of terrain. The Achishkho massif also belongs to the GVH ridge system and rises from the northwest above the village. Krasnaya Polyana, the highest point is Mount Achishkho - 2391.4 m. Livestock or hunting trails rise to the massif from different sides. The “List” includes 4 passes, simple and accessible. The Achishkho region is distinguished by the fact that it is considered the wettest place in the country. There are only 60-70 clear, sunny days a year, and precipitation often exceeds 4-4.5 thousand mm per year.
Tybga-Dzhemaruk-Chugush massif It is connected to the Achishkho massif by a wooded lintel of the Colchis Gate pass. Located in the northern spurs of the GKH. The highest point of the massif is Mount Chugush (3237.8 m). In our opinion, it is also one of the westernmost three-thousander peaks in the Caucasus. This is a real world of highlands with pointed rock peaks, relatively thick (by the standards of the Western Caucasus) mountain glaciation, large scree, snowy slopes, “ram’s foreheads”. It is difficult to get here from the south; from Krasnaya Polyana you need to spend 2.5 - 3 days to get to the Chugush glacier. From the north, from the village. Guzeripl to Mount Tybga (3064.6 m) is about 40 km. In total, 19 passes were passed and classified, the highest of which is K. Yu. Golgofa (2A, ~3060 m), the lowest is Turovy (n/k, 2071 m), connecting the Sennaya camp with the village. Guzeripl. A large role in the development of this massif belongs to Maikop pedestrian tourists. One of the passes is named in honor of one of them - A. Kh. Bagov, the first master of sports in tourism in the Republic of Adygea.
Ridges of Assar - Vorobyov - Dzitaku - Urushten located adjacent to the southeast of the Tybga-Dzhemaruk-Chugush massif. If the 1st ridge is located in the axial zone of the GKH, then the rest are its northern spurs. This is the heart of the reserve and, moreover, very inaccessible. The passes through this ridge lead mainly from the Achipse River basin to the Kisha River basin. The length of the ridge, which has a horseshoe shape, is 7-8 km. On the northern slopes there are glaciers in cross-shaped depressions. They, in combination with rock-talus slopes, create certain difficulties when overcoming depressions in the ridge. The passes here can be rated 2A-2B class. In the chronology Vorobyov knows 4 passes, the most difficult of them is 2A. In the upper reaches of the Kitayka River, the right tributary of the Kishi River, there are the lowest glaciers in the Caucasus, the tongues of which drop to 1710-1800 m. The routes to the Vorobyov and Eight passes run through them. In the chronology Jitaku is located one of the most difficult classified passes - Camel (2690 m), rated 3A class. It connects the sources of the Kitayka River and the Bas. Laura River. The main difficulty is overcoming the 150-meter rocky ice discharge on the northern side and the increased rock hazard of the slopes due to severely destroyed rocks. Some of the passes in this part were first passed and described in the scientific and sports expedition “Caucasian Nature Reserve-94”, one of the leaders of which was the author. Among them: Sinerechensky (2A, 2750 m, sk./ld./os.), Nadozerny (1B-2A, 2682 m), Osypnoy (1A-1B, 2405 m, grass./os./sk.) - in the ridge Jitaku; Koshkareva False. (1B, 2740 m, sk./os./grass.) in the ridge. Urushten.
To the north of the above is located mountain junction Dzhuga - Bambak . From the south it borders along the Aspidny Lane, from the north along the Solontsovy Range, the western border runs along the valley of the Kisha River, the eastern border along the valley. Urushten River. The highest point is Mount Dzhuga (2975.9 m). Several small glaciers lie on the northern slopes of Juga. Well-cleaned protected paths lead to the junction from the “Kisha” cordon through the lane. Aspidny and from the lane. Devil's Gate. In total, 7 easy passes are classified, including three 1A grades. and three n/k.
3. Thachi-Acheshbok massifs
Thachi Ridge - Acheshbok - Chests located in the Peredovoy Range mountain system on the border of the Caucasus Nature Reserve. The relief is cuesta-shaped, the northern slopes are mostly grassy, steep (up to 40-45°), the orientation slopes are 150-250-meter rocky bastions. A well-worn trail follows the ridge crest. In total there are 5 known passes with heights of 1951-2150 m.
4. Eastern part of the Caucasian Nature Reserve
Pseashkha massif It is relatively well studied by climbers, tourists, and scientists due to its accessibility. From Krasnaya Polyana in 1.5-2 days you can get to the Kholodny camp (the Urushten River valley) and the upper reaches of the Malaya Laba. From here the peaks and passes are just a stone's throw away. The western border of the massif runs along a low depression in the Main Watershed, separating the basins of the Urushten and Laura rivers. This is the Pseashkha pass (n/k, 2014 m). Back in 1845, the Russian officer Baron Tornau penetrated through it from the valley of the Urushten River to Krasnaya Polyana. He subsequently wrote: “This plain, imperceptibly sloping on one side to the northeast, on the other to the southwest, formed a break in the terrain.” The pass, as Yu.K. Efremov notes in his wonderful book “On the Paths of the Black Sea Mountains,” is truly extraordinary. He is a valley type. You can walk to the saddle for half a day and think to yourself: “When will we finally arrive?” So here, too, the pass point lies on a barely visible convexity of the bottom of a flat valley.
The Pseashkho massif is distinguished by its compactness, pointed peaks, by local standards, and powerful glaciation (according to V.D. Panova, the area of the Pseashkho pass is 1.8 km 2, and the length is 3.1 km). 10 passes have been explored here, in addition to the simple pass described above. Pseashkha is a lane. Stroiteley (1B, 2800 m), lane. Neftyanik (1B, 2940 m), lane. Mramorny (1B*, 2800 m) and others. To the first two, from the side of the Chisty River, the path often runs along the Kholodny glacier, one of the longest in the region. The Mramorny Pass poses an increased danger during rains (again from the Chistaya River).
Chelipsi-Alous-Yatyrgvarta massifs very picturesque, but extremely rarely visited by people. The highest point is Mount Chelipsi (3097 m). The Alous ridge, meridionally elongated from south to north, separates the basins of the Achipsta and Chelipsi rivers; there are practically no trails on it. There are 15 passes in the massif, of which one of the most difficult is the lane. Chelipsi Zap. (2A, 2811 m). Through the lane During the war years, Alous and Mastakan were the line of defense, and in the 60-70s there was a planned tourist trail. Tryu Pass (n/k, 2330 m), connecting the Yatyrgvarta massif and the ridge. Skirda is a classic example of the fact that the saddle is located just below the altitude of the pass.
Aishkha Ridge– this is the section of the GKH from the Aishkha pass to the Pyaterykh pass. This is a long (about 30 km) and seemingly flat chain of meadow peaks, between which there are shallow depressions of saddles. A well-trodden path runs along the ridge. There are 5 known passes n/k - 1-A k.t., the heights are in the range of 1965-2625 m.
Of particular interest is Tsakhvoa (Herzen) ridge - the watershed between the Damkhurts and Tsakhvoa rivers, located in the northern spur of the Main Range, adjacent to it in the area of Mount Tsyndyshkha (3139 m) and having a length of 16 km. The highest point of the ridge is Mount Tsakhvoa (3345.2 m). This peak is considered the highest point of the Krasnodar Territory. There are several more peaks exceeding 3100-3200 m above sea level. The slopes of the ridge are very steep, and in places sheer, dissected by deep steep valleys, streams and gullies. The valleys of the tributaries of the Bezymyanka and Tsakhvoa rivers form crossbars through which it is very difficult to climb. There are only 12 passes in the ridge from grades 1A to 3A.
Relatively well studied Kardyvach mountain cluster - a famous tourist and mountaineering area. 18 passes have been mastered, including n/k -3, 1A - 12, 1B - 2, 2A - 1. The maximum height is 2850 m, the lowest elevation is 2100 m.
Imereti mountain junction for a long time remained a poorly studied and remote area of the reserve. However, over the past decades the situation has changed, and to date, 16 passes from n/k to 2B k.t have been taken into account here
Aibginsky and Atsetuksky ridges merged into one subdistrict. Its length is 35 km, the highest point is Mount Agepsta (3257 m), has a pan-Caucasian strike and stretches south of the GKH, separated by the Mzymta valley. 10 passes of various difficulty categories have been certified: from n/k to 1B kt., the height of the passes ranges from 1500 to 2600 m.
5. Magisho and Gento massifs
Mountain junction Magisho - Gento located partially on the border with the Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia. The highest point is Mount Magisho (3160 m). From the side of the Bolshaya Laba River valley there are good transport connections. Livestock and hiking trails have long passed through the Umpyr and Magisho passes. High mountain meadows are natural pastures for livestock: horses, sheep.
Conventions and abbreviations
1953,9
exact elevation
1950
approximate elevation
~2600
approximate elevation
(Zero Picket) or /level Agepsta/ name variant, usually equivalent
(bass R. Belaya) explanation of the location of the object
[Dziszski] historical name (toponym)
"Flowerbed" rarely used toponym
[?]
there is no exact localization of the toponym
WITH- north, Z- west, YU- south, IN- East
north- northern, zap.- western, south- southern, eastern- eastern
Ch.- chief[-th], center.- central[-th], knot- nodal[-oh] B.- big[-oh], M.- small[-y] top- upper[-yaya], lower- lower[-th] right- right[-th], a lion.- left[-th],
lane- pass, ice.- glacier [ice. № 21
— glacier number according to the “Catalog of Glaciers…”] G.- mountain, V.- top, P.- peak, hr.- ridge, GVH— Main Dividing Range
lake- lake, R.- river, manual- Creek, d.r.- river valley, bass. R.- river basin
ur.- tract
Conditional abbreviations in the category of difficulty of passes
herbs, (tr.) grassy
sk. rocky
OS scree
forest. forest
ld. ice
n. snow
n/a not categorical
Note: All heights and references are given based on the topo basis of scale M 1:25000
All maps open by clicking in a large size (2-3mb)
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Lagonaki, Fisht-Oshtenovsky massif
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abadzeshsky | 2043 | n/a,herbs | between the Abadzesh massif and the ridge. Stone Sea, the origins of the river Kurdzhips - the sources of the river. Armenian women (Instructor's Gap) | |
| 2 | Azishsky [Dzishsky] | 1775 | n/k, forest. | between ridges Stone Sea and the Iron plateau, ur. Trench (bass river Bzykha) - bass. R. Kurdzhips | |
| 3 | Armenian | 1866 | n/a,herbs | between the Oshten massif and the ridge. Armenian, the origins of the river Mutny Teplyak - the sources of the river. Belaya (Fisht shelter) | |
| 4 | Belorechensky [Shible, Shitlib] | 1782 | n/a,herbs | GVH, between the Fishta massif and the town of Belorechenskaya 1972.0, the origins of the river Belaya (Fisht shelter) - the sources of the river. Bushiy (bass r. Shahe) | An ancient trade and cattle trail for communication between mountain tribes, living on the sea coast and on the northern slope of the GKH. |
| 5 | Gaiman Gate"Instructor's gap" | 2020 | n/k, cable. | north - east tip of the Oshten massif, to the west and near the rock (2045.0), a lion. source of the river Armenian women (Instructor's Gap) - right. source of the river Armenian women (ur. Uzurub Pass) | The path from the Lagonaki plateau to the Guzeripl lane and further to Fisht Avenue passes through the “Gate”. |
| 6 | Guzeriplsky (Guzeripl) | 1995 | n/k, cable. | between the Oshten massif and the city of Guzeripl 2158.0, the origins of the river Armenian women - the origins of the river. Mudty Teplyak | |
| 7 | Maykop | 1950 | n/k, cable. | between the Pshekho-su massif and the ridge. Nagoy - Chuk /g. Tuba/, bass. R. Tsitsa (Lake Psenodakh or Chashka level) - bass. R. Pshekhi | |
| 8 | Messo | 1950 | n/a,herbs | between the Messo massif (2070.5) and the Nagoy-Chuk massif (2371.5), R. Shumichka /level Cold Spring / (bass of the Tsitsa river) - the sources of the river. Second Shumik (bass r. Pshekha) | |
| 9 | Oshtenovsky | 2117 | n/a,herbs | between the Abadzesh and Oshten massifs [p. Natalie - 2279.0], the origins of the river Armenians (Instructor's Gap) - the sources of the river. Tsitsa (Lagonaki ur.) | |
| 10 | Oshten's saddle | 2675 | 1A, tr.-os.-sn. | Oshten massif, between the. 2761.0 and Oshten Center. (2727.8), the origins of the river Tsitsa (Lagonaki tract) - the sources of the river. White | Penchukov A. - p/p (1988). |
| 11 | "Tubinsky" | 2025 | n/k, cable. | between the city of Tuba (2062.0) and the ridge. Nagoy - chuk (2467.1) | During the Caucasian War, the modern name was called Tubinsky. Lane Grachevsky. |
| 12 | Fishtinsky | 2442 | 1B,sn. - ld. - os. | Fishta massif, between the Main peak 2867.7 and the Southern massif (2564.5), ice. M. Fishtinsky (bass of the Belaya river) - the sources of the river. Pshekhashkhi (bass. r. Pshekha) | Samoilenko A. - p/p (1988). |
| 13 | Fisht-Oshtenovsky | 2205 | n/k, cable. | between the Fisht-Pshekha-su and Oshten massifs, lake Psenodakh (bas. Tsitsa river) - the sources of the river. White | |
| 14 | Circassian | 1836 | n/k, herbs | southwest GVH spur, between the town of Chigursan 1951.0 and the town of Mavrikoshka 1953.9, right source of the river Bushiy - the source of the river. Bushuyka | |
| 15 | Chigursan | 1889 | n/a,herbs | GVH, between the town of Chigursan 1951.0 and the Fishta massif (to the northeast from the Cherkessky lane), the origins of the river Pshekhashkhi is right. source of the river Bushy |
Amuko - Bol. Chura - Achishkho
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amuco | 1780 | n/a,herbs | Amuco massif, between the Main peak 1918.1 and c. 1846.8, R. Agva (bass r. Sochi) - r. Ushkha (bass r. Sochi) | In the off-season 1A. |
| 2 | Achishkho | 2220 | 1A, tr.-os.-sn. | GVH, between the city of Achishkho (node) 2363.2 and v. 2253.6 (to the East from the city of Achishkho Main. 2391.4), the origins of the river Rybnaya (basin of the Berezovaya river) - the sources of the river. Achipse (basin of the Mzymta river) | Among local residents and Sochi local historians, a second name for the pass is common - “Sleeping Circassian”. |
| 3 | Colchis Gate | 1593 | n/k, forest. | decrease in GVH, to the west from level. Osmanov Balagany and near the tract "Grechko's house", R. Berezovaya (bass river Belaya) - river. Turovaya (bass river Achipse) | |
| 4 | Bear (Bear Gate) | 1880 | n/k, forest-tr. | hr. Achishkho, between c. "Center. Rocky" 2053.6 and c. 1999.5, a lion. source of the river Beshenki (basin of the Mzymta river) - the sources of the river. Achipse (basin of the Mzymta river) | |
| 5 | "Spicy" | 1860 | n/k,forest-tr. | hr. Achishkho, 300 meters north-west of the village. 1999.5 | |
| 6 | Chura | 2090 | 1A, tr.-os.-sn. | B. Chura massif, to the southwest and near the century. 2196.1, a lion. source of the river Shahe is the source of the river. Sochi | |
| 7 | Chura East. | 2070 | 1A, tr.-os.-sn. | B. Chura massif, to the E of the. 2196.1 |
Tybga - Dzhemaruk - Chugush
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bagovsky (Dzhemaruk) | 2800 | 1A,os.-sn. | between the Chugush and Dzhemaruk massifs (between the town of Golgofa 3095.8 and 2920.1), manual Bagovsky (bass. r. Chessu) - r. Dzhemaruk East. (bass r. Kisha) | Bagov A. (1971) - p/p, named the first stage “Dzhemaruk”, Bormotov I. (1974) when passing, gives the name “Bagovsky”, in honor of Bagov A. Kh. |
| 2 | Side | ~2250 | 1B,sk.-os. | northeastern spur of peak 2893.8 in the Kotov massif, between c. V. 2659.1 and 2366.5, R. Bagovsky Vost. (bass of the Kisha river) - right tributary of the river. Kisha | Lust V. (2002) |
| 3 | Golgofa K.Yu. | ~3060 | 2A,sk.-os.-sn. | Dzhemaruk massif, between the town of Dzhemaruk Ch. (3157.6 m) and nodal c. (? m), the origins of the river Cold /glacier No. 14/ (basin of the Kisha river) - river. Dzhemaruk /glacier No. 10/ (basin of the Chessu river) | Lust V. (2002) Named in honor of the geobotanist K.Yu. Golgofa - one of the oldest scientific employees of the Caucasus Nature Reserve, |
| 4 | Kalugina S.G. | ~2400 | 1A tr.-sk.-os. | SWW spur of the Mal. Chugush massif (3063), between the east. 2703.0 and 2471.1, between two right tributaries of the Berezovaya River | Lust V. (2000), used in conjunction with Kotov’s lane. |
| 5 | Kotova A.V. | ~2575 | 3A sk.-os.-ld. | hr. Chugush, between centuries. 2612.2 and 3032.0 (NWT – “The most western three-thousander” in the Caucasus), right tributary of the Berezovaya River – left tributary of the Chessu River (Barrier Ridge) | Lust V. (2000), named after A.V. Kotov, a zoologist of the Caucasus Nature Reserve, who tragically died in an avalanche on the Aspidny Ridge in 1970. |
| 6 | Molchepa | ~2470 | ~1B,tr.-os.-sk. | hr. Anhydrous, between the city of Tybga 3064.6 and v. 2558.0, source of the river Molchepy - d.b. Chessu | Bagov A. (1971), Bormotov I. (1974) radially during the traverse of the ridge. Anhydrous. |
| 7 | Nemtseva A.S. | ~2430 | 2A,sk.-os.-sn. | Dzhemaruk ridge (north-eastern spur of the city Dzhemaruk East. 3099.4), between c. V. 2821.0 and 2594.0, R. Cold - r. Kisha | Lust V. (2002). Named in honor of zoologist A. S. Nemtsev, a researcher at the Caucasus Nature Reserve, who tragically died in 2001. |
| 8 | Robinson V.N. | ~3000 | 2B, sk.-os.-ld. | Dzhemaruk massif, between the. 2814 and nodal v. (? m), | There is no information about the complete passage. Named in honor of the geologist V.N. Robinson, who studied the geological structure of the mountains of the Caucasus Nature Reserve in the 1920-1930s. |
| 9 | Fish (Deer) | 2182 | 1A,cable. | hr. Anhydrous, between c. V. [?] and 2512.0, Rybya gully (basin of the Molchepy river) - d. Chessu | |
| 10 | Transcaucasus - 93 (“Osmanov”) | 2640 | 1B,sk.-os.-ld. | GVH, between c. V. 2778.3 and 2673.0, ur. Osmanov Balagany (headwaters of the Turovaya river /basin of the Achipse river) - the sources of the river. Kisha | Solid A. (1993). named after the scientific and sports expedition "Transcaucasus-93" (1993) Lust (2002) - named trans. "Asmanov" |
| 11 | Tour | 2071 | n/a,herbs | north the tip of the 2nd spur of Tybga (near the Turov booth), R. Bezymyannaya (basin of the Kisha river) - Eternal beam (basin of the Kholodnaya river) | |
| 12 | Tybginsky | 2944 | ~1B,tr.-os.-sk. | hr. Tybga, between the town of Tybga 3064.6 and the town of 1st Pyramid 3099.4, manual Tybginsky (bass. r. Kholodnaya) - d.r. Chessu | Bagov A. (1971), Bormotov I. (1974) radially during the traverse of the Tybginsky-Dzhemaruk ridge. There is no information about the complete passage. |
| 13 | Tybginsko - Dzhemaruk notch | 2775 | 2A,sk.-os.-sn. | at the junction of the Tybgi and Dzhemaruk massifs (the lowest point of the “Tybginsko-Dzhemaruk saw”), lake Tybginskoye (bas. Kholodnaya river) - river. Dzhemaruk (bass. r. Chessu) | Samoilenko A. (1994) |
| 14 | Comfortable | 2590 | 1A, tr.-os.- sn. | northwestern spur of the Kotov massif (3046.0 m), between marks 2688.8 and 2478.6. the origins of the river Chessu - stream. Bagovsky Zap. (bass r. Chessu) | Samoilenko A. (1991). Used in conjunction with the Chugush East pass. |
| 15 | Chessu | ~3030 | 3A,sk.-os.-sn.-ld. | Dzhemaruk massif, between the city of Golgotha (3096 m) and the city of Dzhemaruk Ch. (3157.6 m), R. Dzhemaruk (bass. r. Chessu) - r. Bagovsky Vost. (bass r. Kishi) | Lust V. (2002) |
| 16 | Chugush East. (Snow White) | 2675 | 1A - 1B,sk.-os.-sn.-ld. | between the Chugush massif (elevation 3026.0 m) and the Kotov massif (elevation 2893.8 m), the origins of the river Chessu/ice. Chugush Central/- sources of the river. Kishi (left tributary) | Samoilenko A. (1994) |
| 17 | Chugush Zap. | 2700 | 2A – 2B,sk.-os.-ld. | hr. Chugush, between v.3035.0 and v. 2970.9 R. M. Chessu / ice. Chugush West / (bass of the Chessu river) - the sources of the river. Berezovaya (bass river Belaya) | Butvin I. (1994) – 2A, from the side of the Chessu river along the “ram’s foreheads” Lust V. (1999) – 2B, along the Western Chugush glacier (basin of the Chessu river) |
| 18 | Chugush Yuzh. (“Maikop students”) | 2760 | 1A,sk.-os.-sn. | hr. Chugush, between c. V. 3094.0 and 2778.3, ur. Osmanov Balagany (headwaters of the Berezovaya river/basin of the Belaya river/) - sources of the river. Kisha (ice no. 18) | Tsukanov M. (1990) The most convenient descent to the sources of Kishi, to the Chugush Vost. glacier, is used when climbing Chugush Mountain from the side of the level. Ottoman's booths. |
| 19 | South Tybginsky Passage | 2960 | 1B,sk.-os.-sn. | south the tip of the Tybgi massif, to the southeast of the century. 2998.8 lake Tybginskoye (bas. Kholodnaya river) - river. Dzhemaruk (bass. r. Chessu) | Butvin I. (1994) description of the passage. Before this, it was regularly used during the transition from the city of Tybga (traverse of the Tybga Ridge) to the basin of the Chessu River, incl. Bagov A. (1971), Bormotov I. (1974). |
Assara - Vorobyova - Jitaku
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 55 years of SevNTU (Snezhny) | 2723 | 1B,os.-sn. | north GVH spur, between the c. 2840.2 and c. (~2780) (northwest from Vorobyov lane), | Sevastopol Tourists Club (2006). |
| 2 | Assara (Seven-Knee) | 2550 | 1A*, os.-sn. | GVH, between c. V. 2653.5 and 2563.8, R. Turovaya (bass of the Achipse river) - river. North Assara (bass. r. Kisha) | On the southern slope the trail is partially destroyed. |
| 3 | Assara East. | 2555 | 1A - 1B, os.-ld.-sn. | GVH, between c. [~2600] (Assary massif) and the city of Geomorphologists 2665.1, R. Petrarch (bass. r. Achipse) - r. North Assara/ice No. 20B/ (basin river Kisha ) | From the north, an approach from the river is possible. Geomorphologists. |
| 4 | Bakermanka | 2395 | 1A,os.-tr.-sn. | northeastern spur of the ridge. Urushten, between c. V. 2545.0 and 2452.0, the origins of the river Bakermanki (bass. r. Urushten) - r. Blue (bass r. Urushten) | |
| 5 | Camel | 2690 | 2B - 3A,sk.-ld. | GVH, between c. V. (~2690) and 2707.5, the origins of the river Kitayki (ice. No. 23) (basin of the Kisha river) - river. Laura Dzitakskaya (bass. r. Achipse) | Tsukanov M. (1993). |
| 6 | Vorobyova V. I. | 2646 | 2A*, sc.-ld.-sn. | north spur of the GVH, between the town of Vorobyov 2854.4 and v. 2840.2, manual Geomorphologists (basin of the Kisha River) - ice. Vorobyova / No. 21 / (bass river Kitayka) | Vorobyov V. (1906). He died on the descent from the glacier while passing this pass towards the river valley. Chinese. IN AND. Vorobyov (1875-1906) - geologist and mineralogist who stood at the origins of the geological study of the Caucasus Nature Reserve. Discovered Triassic deposits in the river basin. Belaya and R. Small Labs. |
| 7 | Eight | 2392 | 2A,sk.-os.-sn. | north GVH spur, between the c. 2840.2 and c. 2568.5, (to the NE from Vorobyov Lane), Nikiforova Balka / stream. Vasilyeva/) - ice. Vorobyova /No. 21/ (bass river Kitayki) | Vasilyeva G. (1978). |
| 8 | Sad | 2535 | 1A,os.-tr.-sn. | Urushten massif, between the town of Grustnaya (2763.9) and v. 2573.0, lake Grustnoye (basin of the Grustnoy river) - lakes on the ridge. Sad (bass r. Kitayka) | Andreev D., Andreeva A. (2012), passed from the lake. Grustnoy (bas.r. Grustnoy) to the valley of the river. Chinese. |
| 9 | Jitaku | 2700 | 1B,sk.-os.-sn. | south end of the ridge Urushten (northern spur of the GVH), between the c. V. 2733.6 and 2663.0, the origins of the river Blue (bass r. Urushten) - d. r. Chinese women (bass. r. Kisha) | Bagov A. (1971), Bormotov I. (1979). |
| 10 | "Jaeger cracks" | 2550 | 1A*,sk.-os.-sn. | GVH, to the NE and near the city of Assar 2632.1, the origins of the river Petrarch (bas. r. Laura) - the sources of the river. North Assara (bass. r. Kisha) | Two saddles. descent/ascent on the N slope with a backpack is difficult. |
| 11 | Kashkareva I. | 2780 | 1B,sk.-os.-tr. | hr. Urushten, between c. V. 2808.3 and 2898.9, (to the north from the lane "Kashkareva false."), d.r. Blue (bass river Urushten) - 2nd right. tributary of the river Chinese/ice No. 25/ (bass river Kisha) | Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989). Radial exit from the side of the river valley. Blue. Named in honor of I. Kashkarev, a tourist and local historian who died in an avalanche on the Kola Peninsula |
| 12 | Kashkareva I. "false" | 2740 | 1B,sk.-os.-tr. | hr. Urushten, between c. V. 2760.4 and 2808.3, (to the north from the Dzitaku lane), d.r. Blue (bass river Urushten) - 1st right. tributary of the river Chinese women (bass. r. Kisha) | There is no information about the complete passage. |
| 13 | Nadozerny | 2682 | 1B - 2A,tr.-sk. | hr. Jitaku, between c. 2795 and Jitaku 2818.5, | Used. in conjunction with the lane. Sinerechensky. |
| 14 | Bypass | 2665 | 1A,cable. | north GVH spur, between the c. (~2780) and 2687.0 (to the northwest of the Snezhny lane), Nikiforova Balka / stream. Vasilyeva/ (bass river Kisha) - stream. Geomorphologists (basin of the Kisha river) | Butvin I. (1995). |
| 15 | Osypnoy | 2405 | 1A - 1B, tr.-os.-sk. | hr. Dzitaku, to the NE of the town of Jitaku, R. Blue - r. Urushten | There is no information about the complete passage. |
| 16 | Ochapovsky S.V. | ~2750 | ~1B - 2A,sk.-os.-sn. | to the NE from the town of Urushten 3020.6 (1st saddle), between the town of Urushten 3020.6 and v. 2775.0, lake Urushten (bass. Aspidnaya river) - river. Blue (bass r. Urushten) | There is no information about the complete passage. Named in honor of Professor S.V. Ochapovsky (1878-1945) - a famous ophthalmologist and traveler. |
| 17 | "Jumper" | 2500 | 1A - 1B,sk.-ld.-sn. | north spur of the city of Geomorphologists 2665.1, origins of the stream Geomorphologists (basin of the Northern Assar river) - ice. No. 20B (basin of the Northern Assar river) | Used in conjunction with the Assara East pass. |
| 18 | Sinerechensky | 2750 | 2A,sk.-ld.-os. | GVH, between c. V. 2817.2 (knots) and 2795.7, ice. Dzitaku /No. 26/ (basin of the Sinaya river) - Dzitaku lakes (basin of the Urushten river) | Descent to the lakes through the Nadozerny pass. |
| 19 | Urushten Sev. | 2930 | 1A - 1B,sk.-os.-tr.-sn. | hr. Urushten, to the north and near the city of Urushten 3020.6, lake Urushten (bass of the Aspidnaya river) - 3rd right. tributary of the river Chinese women (bass. r. Kisha) | Butvin I. (1995). |
| 20 | Urushten Yuzh. | 2830 | 1A - 1B,sk.-os.-tr.-sn. | hr. Urushten, between c. 2898.9 and the city of Urushten 3020.6, (to the north from the Kashkareva lane), d.r. Blue (bass river Urushten) - 3rd right. tributary of the river Chinese women (bass. r. Kisha) | |
| 21 | Shaposhnikova H. G. | 2550 | 2B*,sk.-ld. | GVH, between c. V. (~2596) and 2633.7, the origins of the river Chinese/ice No. 22/ (bass river Kisha) - river. Laura Assarskaya (bass. r. Achipse) | Lust, W. (1999). Named in honor of Kh. G. Shaposhnikov, the founder and first director of the Caucasian Nature Reserve. |
Dzhuga - Bambak
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slate | 2315 | n/k, herbs | between ridges Slate and Dzhuga massif, R. Turovaya (basin of the Kisha river) - river. Aspidnaya (bass river Urushten) | |
| 2 | Bambaksky | 2642 | 1A,cable. | between the Bambaka (Parnygu) and Mal massifs. Bambaka, the origins of the river Bambachki - the source of the river. Cheleps | Descent towards the river. Chelepsa is more convenient through the Chelepsinsky pass |
| 3 | July | 2900 | 1B,sk.-os.-sn. | Dzhuga massif, to the north and near the city of Dzhuga 2975.9, R. Chelepsy (Chelepsinsky lakes) (basin of the Urushten river) - river. Turovaya (bass. Kishi) | Bondar V. (1994) |
| 4 | Princely | 2330 | n/k, herbs | between the Mal massif. Bambaka and hr. Solontsov, R. Princely (bass. river Kishi) - river. Bambachka (bass. r. Urushten) | |
| 5 | Solontsovy | 2345 | n/k, herbs | hr. Solontsovy, between. 2475.0 and Dzyuvya 2425.0, R. Bambachka (bass. R. Urushten) - lion. tributary of the river Shishi (bass. r. Kishi) | |
| 6 | Chelepsinsky | 2692 | 1A,cable. | between the Dzhugi and Mal massifs. Bambaka, gully Mordovskaya (bas. river Kishi) - river. Chelepsy (bass. r. Urushten) | |
| 7 | Shildera V. A. | 2602 | 1A,cable. | Dzhugi massif, between the. V. 2681.0 and ~2730, lake Dzhugskoye (Kotova) - lane. slate | Ascent and descent from the Aspidny pass along the ridge. Named in honor of V. A. Schilder (1855-1925), participant and chronicler of the Kuban hunt in the period from 1893 to 1902. |
Thach - Acheshbok
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Asbestine (“Confectionery”) | 2150 | n/k, herbs | In the southwest – app. shoulder and near the city of Asbestos [Cherpedzhesh] 2285.3, the origins of the river Afonki (bas. Shishi river) – the sources of the river. Shishi (bass R. Kishi) | |
| 2 | Acheshbok (Devil's Gate) | 2120 | n/k, herbs | Between the city of Devil's Gate (Acheshbok) 2486.0 and ridge. Aguige, R. Bol. Acheshbok (bass of the Bugunzha river) – the sources of the river. Shishi (bass. r. Kishi) | |
| 3 | Ossetian | 2095 | n/k, herbs | Between Mal. Thach 2237.9 and v. 2135.0, the origins of the river Afonki (bas. Shishi river) – the sources of the river. Thach (bass r. Bugunzha) | ridge traverse along a cattle trail |
| 4 | Tkhachsky | 1951 | n/k, herbs | Between Bol. Thach 2368.4 and Mal. Thach (Bald) 2237.9, R. Bol. Sakhray (bass. r. Belaya) – r. Thach (bass r. Bugunzha) | |
| 5 | Devil's Gate | 2066 | n/k, cable. | Chr. Aguige, to V and near V. 2377.6, Beam Dead (bass river Urushten) – bass. R. Acheshbok /Bugunzha/ |
Pseashkha massif
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 75 years of KSPBZ | 3150 | 1B,sk.-sn.-os. | GVH, Pseashkha massif, between centuries. 2822.0 and 3065.2, R. Cold /glacier No. 28/ (basin of the Urushten river) - the first tributary of the river. Pslukh (bass r. Mzymta) | Lust V. (1999) |
| 2 | Two-horned | ~2860 | 2A sc.-os.-sn.-ld. | NW spur of the Pseashkha massif between the town of Zubtsy Pseashkho (2936.4) and the town of North Pseashkha (3256.9), Kholodny glacier (Kholodnaya river basin) – Mramorny glacier (Kholodnaya river basin) | Lust V. (2002) |
| 3 | Zagorsky | ~2850 | 2B sc.-os.-sn.-ld. | northern spur of the GKH from E. 3012.8 (Pseashkha Ridge) between E. 3012.8 and 2937.9, Marble glacier / Kholodnaya river / (basin of the Urushten river) – Chelipsi river (basin of the Urushten river) | Lust V. (2002) |
| 4 | Marble | 2800 | 1B*,sk.-sn.-os. | between the city of Sev. Pseashkha 3256.9 and c. 3012.8 (knots), R. Pure (bass r. M. Laba) - r. Cold (bass river Urushten) | The possibility of crossing the pass was noted back in 1936 by Yu. K. Efremov. In 1965, the passage was made by V. Marchenko. In a 1966 report by W. S. Weiser. The name "Marble Pass" is already mentioned. Mramorny became especially popular in the early 70s, when various “turiads,” “schools,” and “seminars” were held in the Pseashkha area. |
| 5 | Mramorny-Imereti | 2740 | 1B,sk.-tr.-os. | northern spur of Mramornaya, between the centuries. Marble (2892.1) and 2783.0, Imeretinka river (Mramornoe lake) - Kholodny camp (basin of the Urushten river) | Butvin I. (2011). Passed radially from the side of Lake Mramornye along a rock-talus couloir. Exit to the ridge above the pass. The descent into the grassy-talus circus in (basin of the Urushten river), the ascent (traverse) to the SZ spur at 2658.5 and the subsequent descent to the Kholodny lagoon was visible and “theoretically” is not difficult. |
| 6 | Neftyanikov (Neftyanik) | 2940 | 1B, ld.-sn.-os. | bend of the Pseashkha glacier, between c. V. 3164.4 and 3154.6, R. Mutnaya (bass r. M. Laba) - r. Pure (bass r. M. Laba) | The pass was named by tourists from the Institute of the Oil and Gas Industry and exactly until October 1980 (source - Sviransky V.) |
| 7 | Pseashkha | 2014 | n/k, herbs | GVH, between the town of Perevalnaya 2634.3 and the Pseashkha massif, R. Urushten - r. Pslukh (bass river Mzymta) | Tornau F. F. (1845). An ancient trade and cattle trail for communication between mountain tribes who lived on the sea coast and the northern slope of the GKH. |
| 8 | Stroiteley (Builder) | 2800 | 1B,ld.-os.-sn. | GVH, between the city of Yuzh. Pseashkha 3251.2 and the city of Sugar Pseashkha (Sugar Loaf) 3188.9, ice. Pseashkha (Chistaya river) - “2nd left tributary” of the river. Psluh | Legault, S. (1962). On some tourist maps for this pass the name “Southern Pseashkho” was found. According to Y. K. Efremov’s version (1938), the pass was called “Turiy”. |
| 9 | Timukhina N. T. | 2900 | 3A,sk.-os.-sn.-ld. | GVH, Pseashkha massif, between the town of Pseashkha Uzlovaya (3196.0) and the town of Uzlovoye Plecho (3192.0), the sources of the first tributary of the river. Pslukh (bass of the Mzymta river) - the sources of the river. Chistoy (bass river Mal. Laba) | Lust, W. (1999). Named in honor of N.T. Timukhin, the then director of the Caucasus Nature Reserve, who held this position from 1984 to 1999. |
| 10 | Wide | 2575 | 1A,cable. | northern spur of the GKH from E. 3012.8 (Pseashkha Ridge) between E. 2631.0 and 2862.4, Imeretinka river (Urushten river basin) - Chelipsi river (Urushten river basin) | Butvin I., Mudrov P. (2011). Traveled from the valley of the Imeretinka River (convenient animal trails) to the valley of the Chelipsi River (the descent along steep grassy slopes is arbitrary). |
Chelipsi – Alous – Yatyrgvarta
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alous | 1950 | n/k, herbs | between the city of Alous (2953.7) and the city of Yatyrgvarta (2761.1), R. Alous (bass r. Urushten) - r. Achipsta (bass r. M. Laba) | |
| 2 | Alous Zap. | 2746 | 1A,sk.-os | north - app. "Khadzhibey" spur of the ridge. Alous, between c. 2919.9 (knot) and the city of Khadzhibey (2867.4), lake Khodzhibiy /Khadzhibey/ (bass. R. Urushten) - r. Chelipsi (bass r. Urushten) | Lego S. (1962) - p/p. |
| 3 | Alous South. ("300th anniversary of the Russian fleet") | 2800 | 1A,sk.-os | hr. Alous, between the town of Old Alous (2982.3) and v. 2919.9 R. Veselaya (bass. r. Achipsta) - r. Chelipsi (bass r. Urushten) | Lego S. (1962) - settlement from the river valley. Merry to the valley of the river. Chelipsi. Kazakov A. (1996), not knowing about the first ascent, gives a second name - “pass of the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet.” |
| 4 | Achipsta (Chelipsi) | 2870 | 1A,sn.-os.-tr. | hr. Chelipsi, between c. V. 2995.2 (knot) and 3037.7, R. Achipsta (bass. R. Urushten) - lion. tributary of the river Pure (bass r. M. Laba) | Bagov (1971) - radial ascent from the Turquoise Lakes. Pribytkov S., Lentsov S. (1972) - subdivision, gave the name "Chelipsi". Smolyakova V. (1973) gives the name “Achipsta”. |
| 5 | Turquoise Lakes | 2895 | 1A,sk.-os.-sn. | hr. Chelipsi, between c. 3037.7 and the city of Chelipsi (3097.2), R. Achipsta (ice. Chelipsi /No. 34/) - r. Svetlaya (bass r. M. Laba) | Ryabukhin A. (1994) |
| 6 | Thunderstorm | 2750 | 1A, cable. | hr. Alous, between c. V. 2902.6 and 2796.8, | Nikiforov M. (1996) - p/n from d. Chelipsi in the village Achipsty. Named Thunderstorm, because at the saddle of the pass the group was caught by a strong thunderstorm |
| 7 | Dinnika N.I. | 2750 | 1A, cable. | hr. Alous, between c. V. 2827.2 and 2995.2, R. Chelipsi (bass r. Urushten) - r. Achipsta (bass r. M. Laba) | Perevozov A. (2012) - p/p. Named in honor of N.I. Dinnik (1847-1917) - a famous naturalist and traveler, a great expert on the Caucasus. |
| 8 | Beautiful | 2789 | 2A-2B sk.-sn.-os | hr. Alous, between c. V. 2995.2 (“nodal”) and 2842.2, Chelipsi river (bas. river Urushten) – river Achipsta (bas. river Mal. Laba) | Lust V. (2002) |
| 9 | Mastakan | 1963 | n/k, herbs | between the city of Mastakan (2250.3) and the city of Yatyrgvarta (2761.1), R. Alous (bass r. Urushten) - r. Mastyk (bass r. Urushten) | |
| 10 | "Ozerny" | 2886 | 1A,sn.-os.-tr. | hr. Alous, between the town of Old Alous (2982.3) and v. 2979, Quiet lakes (basin of the Achipsta river) - river. Chelipsi (bass r. Urushten) | Smolyakova V. (1973) gives the name “Ozerny” to the croci, but the pass itself does not pass. Andreev D. (2011) glad. ascent along grassy-talus slopes from the side of the lake. Quiet. Go around the snowfields and reach the ridge above the pass. Slopes into the river valley Chelipsi are predominantly scree. |
| 11 | "Window" | 2400 | n/a,cable. | south spur ridge Chelipsi, between v.v. 2472.7 and 3037.7, R. Pure (bass r. M. Laba) - r. Svetlaya (bass r. M. Laba) | Used in conjunction with lane. Turquoise Lakes |
| 12 | Semizhilka (Gardener) | 2750 | 1A,sk.-os.-sn. | hr. Chelipsi, between the city of Chelipsi (3097.2) and v. 2816.7, R. Achipsta (bass r. M. Laba) - r. Semizhilka (bass. r. M. Laba) | Lust V. (year?) |
| 13 | Trew | 2330 | n/k, herbs | between the city of Yatyrgvarta (2761.1) and the ridge. Skirda, R. Mastyk (bass. r. Urushten) - r. Tru (bass r. Urushten) | |
| 14 | Chelipsi East. | 2714 | 1A,sn.-os.-tr. | hr. Alous, between c. V. 2842.2 and 2824.9, R. Chelipsi (bass r. Urushten) - r. Achipsta (bass r. M. Laba) | Smolyakova V. (1973) - settlement from the river valley. Chelipsi to the river valley Achipsta. |
| 15 | Chelipsi Zap. | 2811 | 2A,sk.-os.-ld. | hr. Chelipsi, between c. V. 2995.2 (knots) and 3010.7, the origins of the river Chelipsi (ice no. 33) (basin river Urushten) - river. Pure (bass r. M. Laba) | Bagov A. (1971) - settlement from the river valley. Chelipsi to the valley of the Chistaya River; gives the name "Chelepsy". Smolyakova V. (1973) gives the name "Chelipsi Western", although the pass itself does not pass. Lust V. (1998) gives the name to the pass "Pope of Rome" and defines the difficulty as 2B. |
Rocky massif, Aishkha ridge and Tsakhvoa (Herzen) ridge
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | KORGO | 2840 | ~1A-1B,os.-sk.-tr | between c. 3085.5 ("Rocky Node") and v.2853.1, right source of the river Small Laba /r. Aishkha I/ - lake KORGO (basin of the Bezymyanka river) | Butvin I., Penchukov A., Ryabukhin A. (1999). Named in honor of the Krasnodar Branch of the Russian Geographical Society. |
| 2 | Rocky | 2918 | ~1B,os.-sk.-sn | between i.v. 3014.7 and 3085.5 (“Rocky nodal”), right source of the river. Small Laba /r. Aishkha I/ - r. Serebryanka (bass r.Mal.Laba) | There is no information about the complete passage. |
| 3 | 4 (Four) | 2545 | 1A,cable. | GVH, between the city of Aishkha (Aishkha II) 2856.9 and v. 2822.4, R. Aishkha (R. Aishkha II) (bass. r. Bezymyanki) - lvl. Aishkha 2nd (bass river Mzymta) | |
| 4 | 5 (Five) | 2592 | 1A,cable. | GVH, between c. V. 2720.4 and 2833.5, a lion. source of the river Bezymyanki - r. Beshenka /Buynaya/ (bass river Mzymta) | Maslikov V., Medvedev O. (1961). |
| 5 | Aishkha | 2401 | n/k, herbs | GVH, between c. 2619.3 and c. 2704.8, left source of the river M. Laba - b. Little dog | |
| 6 | Aishkha II | 1965 | n/k, herbs | hr. Pear, R. Pslushonok (cord. Psluh) - b. Mzymta (Engelmanova Polyana) | |
| 7 | Flowerbed | 2625 | 1A,cable. | GVH, between c. V. 2822.4 and 2834.0 (near Lake Klumbochka), R. Tornau /r. Aishkha III/ (bass. r. Bezymyanki) - lvl. Aishkha 3rd (bass river Mzymta) | |
| 8 | Borchevsky S.I. zap. ("false") | ~3100 | 3A sc.-ld.-os. | between c. ~3170 (“Borchevsky false.”) and the city of Borchevsky (~3240), glacier No. 43a / Beshenny river / basin of the Tsakhvoa river– Pedestrian river (basin of Bezymyanka river) | Lust V. (1998) |
| 9 | Borchevsky S.I. | 3220 | ~2A-2B,sk.-ld.-os. | between the town of Borchevsky (~3240) and the town of Grigora 3232.6, Pedestrian river (basin of the Bezymyanki river) - Beshenny river (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989) during the traverse of the Tsakhvoa (Herzen) ridge from the Grigora pass to the town of Borchevsky. Named in honor of S.I. Borchevsky - one of the active initiators of the creation of OLIKO in 1896. There is no information about the complete passage “from valley to valley”. |
| 10 | Grigora G. G. | 3150 | ~2A-2B,sk.-ld.-os. | between the town of Grigora 3232.6 and v. 3176.1, Grigora river /Grigora lake/ (basin of the Bezymyanki river) - Beshenyi river (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989) during the traverse of the Tsakhvoa (Herzen) ridge from the Grigora pass to the city of Borchevsky, Lust V. (1999) - “classic” first ascent from the sources of the Beshenyi river to the lakes Grigora. Named in honor of G. G. Grigor (1884-1960) - geologist, glaciologist, local historian, who was at the origins of the creation of the Caucasian Nature Reserve. |
| 11 | Turkey South. | ~2730 | ~1A-1B,sk.-sn.-os. | between the Tverdoy peak (3290.5) and the city of Indyuk (2944.1), closer to the city of Indyuk, right tributary of the Lednikovaya river (basin river M.Laba) - river Crazy (basin river Tsakhvoa) | Butvin I., Boyur V., Glazyev N. (2009), radial access to the pass with an ascent to Mount Indyuk from the Lednikovaya river basin, there is no information about the complete passage of the pass |
| 12 | Stone fire (Tsakhvoa) | 2995 | 1B,sk.-os.-sn. | to the SE of the city of Tsakhvoa (3345.9), between E. 3251.1 and E. ~ 3130, Beshenyi river (basin river Tsakhvoa) - right tributary of the Bezymyanka river ("Ulitka river") | Ryabukhin A. (1996) - the “classic” passage from Tsakhvoa to Besheny. Lust V. (1999) called the pass “Tsakhvoa” when passing from Bezymyanka to the source of the Besheny River (without descending to Tsakhvoa). |
| 13 | Stone fire false | 3095 | ~1B*,sk.-os.-sn. | 0.5 km. to the south of the Kamenny Ogon lane (Tsakhvoa) - between the nodes east ~ 3150 and east ~ 3130, the neighboring circus in the basin of the Besheny river, right tributary of the Bezymyanka River ("Ulitka River") - the Besheny River (basin of the Tsakhvoa River) | Butvin I., Boyur V., Solovyanov A. (2008) Ascent to the saddle of the pass radially, from the side of glacier No. 43 - the Crazy River (basin of the Tsakhvoa River). In the direction of the “Snail”, the right tributary of the Bezymyanka, an oblique rock-talus “tour” shelf was visible. |
| 14 | KORGO II | ~3145 | ~1B-2B,sk.-ld.-os. | between junction no. 3290.7 and no. 3251.1, 800m. north of the Stone Fire Lane (Tsakhvoa), right tributary of the Bezymyanka river ("Ulitka stream") - the Crazy river (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Ryabukhin A. (2008), traverse from the Kamenny Fire lane, through the peak 3251.1, no information about the complete passage |
| 15 | Crown of Tsahvoa | ~3000 | ~2B,sk.-ld.-os. | to the NE from the town of Tsakhvoa (3345.9), between the Tverdoy peak (3290.5) and the junction at 3290.7, glacier No. 39 "Tsakhvoa" /Lednikovaya river/ (basin river M.Laba) - river Crazy (basin river Tsakhvoa) | Ryabukhin A. (2009), radially from the Tsakhvoa glacier (Lednikovaya river), a memorial tablet was installed on the pass in memory of Tverdy A.V., there is no information about the complete passage |
| 16 | Steep | 2765 | 1A,os.-sn. | between i.v. 2868.1 and 2881.5, the sources of the Bezymyanka river - the Vorovskaya river / Pasechny gully / (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Maslikov V., Medvedev O. (1963). |
| 17 | Nasimovich A.A. | ~2950 | 3A sc.-ld.-os. | between i.v. ~3170 (“Borchevsky false”) and 3000.3, glacier No. 44 / Beshenny river / Tsakhvoa river basin- Vorovskaya river / Pasechnogo ravine / (basin of Tsakhvoa river) | Lust V. (2000), in honor of Andrey Aleksandrovich Nasimovich - biogeographer, ecologist, founder of snow ecology, there is no information about the complete passage |
| 18 | Pedestrian | 2980 | 1A,os.-sn.-tr. | between c. 3142.1 and the city of Borchevsky (~3240), Pedestrian river (basin of the Bezymyanki river) - Vorovskaya river / Pasechny gully / (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Maslikov V., Medvedev O. (1959). |
| 19 | Tverdogo A.V. | ~2850 | ~1B-2A,sk.-ld.-os. | between Tverdoy peak (3290.5) and Indyuk (2944.1), closer to Tverdoy peak, glacier No. 41/right tributary of the Lednikovaya river/ (basin of the M.Laba river) - Crazy river (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Ryabukhin A (2009), radial access to the pass from the Lednikovaya river basin, there is no information about the complete passage. Named in honor of A.V. Tverdoy (1953-2009) - a talented geographer, local historian and traveler. |
Kardyvach mountain cluster
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 (Kardyvach II) | 2800 | 1B, sc.-ld.-os. | GVH, between the city of Kardyvach Junction. 2960.7 and the city of Kardyvach Ch. (3058), ice. Kardyvach /No. 46/ (bas. r. Tsakhvoa) - right. source of the river Avadharas | Medvedeva V.S. (1965) during the School of Instructors of the Krasnodar Tourists Club. |
| 2 | 13 false | 2830 | ~1B, sc.-ld.-os. | north spur of Kardyvach Gl. (3058), ice. Kardyvach /No. 46/ - lion. tributary of the river Upper Tsakhvoa | |
| 3 | Avatharsky | 2750 | 1A, tr.-os. | GVH, between c. 2806.5 and Adjara 2907.0, a lion. source of the river Avadhara - lake Adjara (basin of the Upper Tsakhvoa river) | |
| 4 | Adjara East | 2690 | 1A, tr.-os. | GVH, between the city of Adjara 2907.0 and v. 2744.2, | |
| 5 | Adjara West (Tsakhvoa) | 2670 | 1A, tr.-os. | GVH, between c. V. 2744.2 and (node,), the origins of the river Upper Tsakhvoa - bass. R. Lashipse | |
| 6 | Ahukdara | 2100 | n/k, tr.-les. | Akhukdara bridge, between the city of Kuteheku 2559.6 and the city of Akhukdara 2303.6, R. Azmych (bas. r. Mzymty) - r. Avadhara | Albov N. (1890) |
| 7 | Nine | 2801 | 1A, os.-sn. | GVH, between c. 2839.2 and the Tsyndyshkha massif 3139.5, Utaennye lakes (basin of the Verkhn. Mzymta river) - lake. Inpsi (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | Marchenko G. (1966) |
| 8 | Kardyvach (Kardyvach I) | 2744 | 1A, os.-ld.-sn. | GVH, between c. 2827.5 and the city of Kardyvach Uzel. 2960.7, lake Sineokoe (Sineozernaya river) (basin of the Mzymta river) - lake. Inpsi (Perevalny/Kardyvach stream/) (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | |
| 9 | Kuteheku I | 2390 | n/k, herbs | Akhukdarskaya jumper, to the southwest from the lane. Ozerny, right source of the river Lagernoy (lake Kardyvach) - r. Avadhara | |
| 10 | Kuteheku II | 2450 | n/k, herbs | Akhukdarskaya jumper, to the southwest from the lane. Kuteheku I, a lion. source of the river Lagernoy (lake Kardyvach) - r. Avadhara | |
| 11 | Labinsky (Kuban) | 2745 | 1A, sn.-os.-tr. | GVH, between the city of West. Loyub (Kuban) 2941.4 and c. 2930.2, lake Upper Kardyvach - r. Bezymyanka (bass. r. M. Laba) | Litvinov V. (1962) within the framework of the tourist and mountaineering expedition "Kuban" (leader). During the ascent of a group led by V. Litvinov, a tour with a note from MVTU students and tourism instructors from Krasnaya Polyana was discovered on the pass, where it was said that the pass was called “Labinsky”, but the climbers in honor of the expedition gave it a second name - “Kuban”. |
| 12 | Loyub | 2700 | 1A, sn.-os.-tr. | southeast spur of the GVH, between the city of Yuzh. Loyub (2998) and Tourist 2848.6, lake Kardyvach - lake Upper Kardyvach | |
| 13 | Mzymta | 2850 | 2A, sk.-os.-sn. | GVH, between c. 2930.2 and the city of Northern Loyub 2950.1. lake Upper Kardyvach (basin of the Verkhnaya Mzymta river) and river. Bezymyanka (bass r. M. Laba). | Lust V. (1999) |
| 14 | Ozerny (“Kardyvachsky”) | 2700 | ~1A, os.-sk. | Akhukdarskaya jumper, in the southwest. shoulder of Kardyvach Knot. 2960.7, lake Sineokoe (Sineozernaya river) (basin of the Mzymta river) - right. source of the river Avadhara | Efremov Yu. K. (1936) |
| 15 | Smidovich P. G. | 2749 | 1A, os.-sn. | GVH, between the Akaragvarta (Smidovich) massif 3140.4 and v. 2839.2, Utaennye lakes (basin of the Verkhnaya Mzymta river) - Northern lakes (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | As part of the tourist and mountaineering expedition "Kuban" under the leadership of V. Litvinov (1962). |
| 16 | Tourist (Krasnopolyansky, "3 fools") | 2815 | 1A-1B, sk.-os. | southeast GVH spur, between the city of West. Loyub (Kuban) 2941.4 and c. 2892.2, lake Upper Kardyvach - r. Beshenka /Buynaya/ (bass of the Mzymta river) | Avakumyants S. (1962) as part of the tourist and mountaineering expedition "Kuban" under the leadership of V. Litvinov. Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989) - radial access to the pass while passing the lane. Labinsky. |
| 17 | Tsyndyshkha | 2745 | 1A, os.-sn. | GVH, in the Tsyndyshkha massif between the peaks “Southeast” 3091.5 and “Malaya” 2924.5, lake Kardyvach (basin of the Mzymta river) - lake. Inpsi (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | |
| 18 | Chernorechensky | 2655 | 1A, os.-sn. | GVH, between c. V. 2676.8 and 2766.1, Utaennye lakes (basin of the Verkhnaya Mzymta river) - river. Vorovskaya /Pasechnogo/ (bass river Tsakhvoa) | As part of the tourist and mountaineering expedition "Kuban" under the leadership of V. Litvinov (1962). |
Ozerny Range, Imereti Mountain Knot and Shepsi Massif
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ivchenko A. | 2850 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Ozerny, between 2892.8 and Granitnaya 3211.8, Poacher's Balka (bas. Tsakhvoa river) - river. M. Adjara (bass r. Damkhurts) | Named in honor of the deceased tourist from the Abinsk region A. Ivchenko. |
| 2 | Stuntman | 3050 | 1B - 2A, sc.-ld.-os. | ISU, between the city of Bush 3119.6 and the city of Geographers Kuban 3212.0, lake Bush (bass. Imeretinka river) - b. Bezymyanka / Light / (bass. r. Damkhurts) | Solid A. (1991) |
| 3 | Kvata North | 2570 | n/k, herbs | hr. Ozerny, between V. 2718.5 and 2699.2 (to the north from the Kvata South lane), | |
| 4 | Kvata South. | 2470 | n/k, herbs | hr. Ozerny (northern spur of the GVH), between the. V. 2802.0 and 2718.5, R. B. Adjara (bass r. Damkhurts) - r. Upper Tsakhvoa | |
| 5 | OLIKO (Imereti) | 2930 | 1B - 2A, sc.-sn.-os. | ISU, between the town of Nadozernaya and the town of Imereti Spire 3189.4, lake B. Imeretinskoye /Silence/ (bass river Imeretinki) - right. source of Poacher Beam/Inpsi/ (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989) From the side of Lake Silence, the ascent from the lower scree to the rocky pass circus is carried out along a gently sloping grassy shelf. The pre-pass snow patch and rock wall are bypassed on the left in the direction of travel. The descent into Poacher Beam is a grassy scree slope of medium steepness. |
| 6 | Panoramic ("Kyiv Unemployed", "Maryinsky") | 3100 | 1A - 1B, tr.-os. | ISU, between c. 3135.4 and Tumannaya 3251.2, lake Big Imeretinskoe /Silence/ (basin of the Imeretinka river) - lake Teploye (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Smolyakova V. (1973) - radial exit from the side of the lake. Silence. Shevyrnogov V. (1990), Tverdy A., Merzhoev K., Butvin I. (1991), Sokolov A. (2001) |
| 7 | Celestial | 3020 | 1B, sn.-os. | ISU, between the city of Granitnaya 3211.8 and the city of Bush 3119.6, lake Celestial (bass river Imeretinki) - river. Bezymyanka /Svetlaya/ (bass. r. Damkhurts) | |
| 8 | RENE | 3010 | 2A* - 2B, ld.-sk.-sn. | ISU, between the city of Granitnaya 3211.8 and the city of Nadozernaya, lake B. Imeretinskoye /Silence/ (bass river Imeretinki) - lion. source of Poacher Beam/Inpsi/ (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Samoilenko A. (1994). Under the pre-pass belt of rocks there is rankluft. Climbing along the rocks to the left of the lowest lintel along an inclined slab of 50-60 degrees along the edge of a detached glacier with access to a 75-85 degree 20-meter wall. Lust V. (1998) |
| 9 | Rybakova S. | 2890 | 1A - 1B, os.-sk. | southwest spur of the town of Nadozernaya, between the town of Nadozernaya and the. 2942.4, right and lion the sources of Poacher Beam (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) | Akimchenkov G. (1994). Named in honor of Sergei Rybakov, a tourist and local historian from the city of Abinsk, Krasnodar Territory, who tragically died in 1993 under the peak of Svintsovaya. The pass was passed by a group as part of the expedition “Caucasian Reserve-94” in August 1994 from the side of the lake in the right source of the Poacherskaya Balka river. |
| 10 | Quiet | 3029 | 1A- 1B, sk.-os.-sn. | ISU, between the city of Panova (3230.3) and v. 3129.3, Lake Quiet (basin of the Imeretinka River) - right. tributary of the river Svetlaya/Bezymyanka/ (bass r. Damkhurts) | no information about complete completion |
| 11 | Difficult | 2850 | 1A, tr.-sk.-os. | ISU, between c. 3009.4 and OLIKovtsev 3029.4, lake Black (basin of the Imeretinka river) - lake. Yu. K. Efremova (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | Maslikov V., Medvedev O. (1959) |
| 12 | Shepsi North ("Instructor's") | 2685 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Ozerny, between the city of Shepsi (2819.3) and v. 2855.8, | Vorotyntsev G. (1971), Penchukov A. (1994) |
| 13 | Shepsi South. | 2690 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Ozerny, between the city of Shepsi (2819.3) and v. 2750, manual Shepsi East. (bass r. Damkhurts) - stream. Shepsi Zap. (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | Penchukov A. (1994) |
| 14 | Chocolate | 2960 | 1A - 1B, sk.-os.-sn. | ISU, between and the city of Geographers of Kuban / city. Tkach/ (3212.0) and the city of Panova (3230.3), Lake Bush (basin of the Imeretinka River) - a lion. tributary of the river Svetlaya/Bezymyanka/ (bass r. Damkhurts) | Alaev. A (1967) makes a p/p, mistakenly takes this pass for a lane. Kvata. Smolyakova V. (1973) passes the pass from the valley of the river. Imeretinki to the river valley Damkhurts gives the name "Chocolate". |
| 15 | YK | 2840 | 1A, tr.-os. | Senokosny ridge, between the town of OLIKovtsev 3029.4 and v. 2870.0, lake B. Yukhinskoye (basin of the Yukha river) - lake. Efremova (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | Named A. Tverdym in honor of Yu. K. Efremov (1913-1999) - a famous local historian, geographer, traveler.. |
| 16 | Yukhinsky (Yukha “tourist”) | 2875 | 1A, tr.-os. | ISU, between the town of OLIKovtsev 3029.4 and the town of Safronova 2959.2, lake B. Yukhinskoye (basin of the Yukha river) - lake. Safronova (bass river Imeretinki) | Bocharova R. (1961) |
Damkhurts, Juha, Magisho and Gento massifs
| № | Name | Height | Category | Location | Intelligence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fragrant | 2910 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Yukha, between the city of Damkhurts 3194.0 and v. 3162.5, manual Fragrant (bass r. Yukha) - lion. tributary of the river Imeretinka | Andreev D., Andreeva A. (2012), passed from the valley of the left tributary of the river. Imeretinki to the valley of the Aromatny stream. The approaches to the pass are grassy slopes of moderate steepness and scree. At the pass there is a salt lick, actively visited by ungulates. At the pass and nearby there is a sharp and persistent smell of animals | ||
| 2 | Lugansk | 2428 | n/k, herbs | jumper between hr. Juha and khr. Lugan / Running/, R. Zakan (bass r. B. Laba) - r. Luganka (bass R. Malaya Laba) | Old cattle trail | ||
| 3 | Sysoeva V. M. (Juha "Jaeger") | 2916 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Yukha, between the. 2989.9 and c. 3020.2 (to the north from Chusovoy lane), lake Lugan /trans. Lugansky / (bass. r. Zakan) - right. tributary of the river Yukha (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | Named A. Tverdy in honor of Sysoev V.M. (1864-19...?) teacher, archaeologist, public figure, one of the founders of OLIKO, the first chairman of its board. | ||
| 4 | Chusovoy | 2860 | 1A- 1B, sk-tr-os | hr. Yukha, between Chusovaya 3041.7 and v. 2989.9 (to the northwest from the city of Damkhurts 3194.0, R. Chusovaya (bass r. Zakan) - right. tributary of the river Yukha (bass r. Tsakhvoa) | |||
| 5 | Juha-Lugan | 2900 | 2A, sk.-os.-tr | hr. Yukha, between the. V. 2925.0 and 2958.0, right tributary of the river Yukha (basin of the Tsakhvoa river) - Verkhnelugansk lakes (basin of the Luganka river) | Ustinovsky N. (2000) | ||
| 6 | Blybsky | 2568 | n/k, herbs | jumper between hr. Magisho and hr. Gento, between c. 2854.0 and Gento 2911.0, R. Beskes - r. B. Blyb | Old cattle trail | ||
| 7 | Volkova T.I. | 2805 | 1A, tr.-os. | hr. Sergeev Gai (eastern extremity), between the century. V. 2859.6 and 2931.4, lake Scott / Sosnovaya Balka / (bass. r. M. Laba) – bass. R. Umpyr | Tverdy A., Cherednikov N., Butvin I. (1989). Wide rocky and grassy saddle. Descent/ascent from the side d.r. Umpyr is problematic. Named in honor of T.I. Volkova (1934-1987) - the oldest Kuban tourist - local historian, worker in children's tourism. | ||
| 8 | Magisho ("Yuzh. Blybsky") | 2880 | n/k, cable. | hr. Magisho, between c. V. 3014.7 and 2928.4, R. B. Blyb (bass r. B. Laba) - r. Umpyr (bass r. M. Laba) | Old cattle trail | ||
| 9 | Mirshavko O. T. | 2830 | 1A, tr.-os. | to the East and near the lane. T.I. Volkova, between centuries. V. 2931.4 and 2917.6, o h. Scott /Sosnovaya Balka/ (bass river M. Laba) - the sources of the river. Beskes (bass r. B. Laba) | Named in honor of Mirshavko O.T. (1936-1989) – methodologist of the Lenin House of Pioneers in Krasnodar, member of the GSK of regional, city and regional tourist competitions for schoolchildren. | ||
| 10 | Umpyrskiy | 2528 | n/k, cable. | jumper between hr. Lugan / Running / and storage Magisho, R. Umpyr /Umpyr/ (bass. r. M. Laba) - r. Zakan (bass. r. B. Laba) | ~1A-1B, os.-sk. | zap. end of the ridge Atsetuka, between the city of Albova 2951.4 and the city. 2791.0, R. Quiet (bass of the Mzymta river) - r. Atsetuka (Lake Ritsa) | |
| 3 | Atsetuksky | 2150 | n/k, cable | Akhukdara bridge, between the Atsetuki massif and the city of Akhukdara 2303.6, R. Azmych (Bzych) - lake. Mzee (bass r. Mzimna) | |||
| 4 | Atsetuksky Zap. (Survey) | 2460 | 1A - 1B, os.-sk. | hr. Atsetuka, between the city of Atsetuka [Ch.] 2769.2 and v. 2549.0, Atsetuk lakes (basin of the Azmych river) - river. Vodopadnaya (Molochnaya) / lake. Ritsa/ | |||
| 5 | Hope | 2453 | 1A, tr.-os. | Turin Mountains massif, between the city "Black Peak" (~2980) and. 2848.2, R. Long (Long Quiet River) / level. Agepsta/ - r. Blue | |||
| 6 | Nadozerny (Blue) | ~2510 | ~1A, tr.-os..-sk. | Turin Mountains massif, southern saddle above Lake Golubiy, west of peak 2585.6, Lake Goluboe (basin of the Mzymta river) - the upper reaches of the left tributary of the river. Mzymty (Golubaya river) | |||
| 7 | Horn | ~2600 | 1A*-1B os..-sk.-tr. | Turin Mountains massif, between elevation 2681.5 and ~2740, right tributary of the river Psou ("11th booth"/ - Golubaya river (bas. Mzymta river) | Lust V. (2002) | ||
| 8 | Turi Gate | 2580 | 1A, tr.-sn.-os. | Turin Mountains massif, between c. V. (2651) and (2772) [knots], the origins of the river Psou (ur. Berchevka) /"11th booths"/ - r. Blue (basin of the Mzymta river) | |||
| 9 | Angular | 2070 | n/a, forest.-tr. | hr. Corner (ur. Corner Agepsta), between the century. V. 2277.0 and 2109.0, R. Azmych (Bzych) / level. Yashko/ - r. Quiet (Fairytale Glade) | |||
| 10 | Circassian | 2430 | n/k, herbs | hr. Far Aibgi, between the town of Zelenaya (Green Klin) 2547.2, and v. 2681.5, the origins of the river Psou (ur. Berchevka) /"11th booths"/ - r. Green (basin of the Mzymta river) |
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In sports tourism, a pass is a logical place for a given route to cross the watershed line of a ridge. Thus, in sports tourism, a pass is not always the lowest and most accessible place on the crest of a mountain range or massif.
Many sports passes are not passed through the lowest place in a given part of the ridge simply because there is a simpler and safer path nearby (higher along the ridge), for example, bypassing difficult rocks and rockfall-hazardous sections of the route.
There are many known sports passes, which from the point of view of the average person look like madness: nearby there is a simple convenient path through the ridge, and tourists climb “sheer cliffs”. Such passes are passed with the aim of improving sportsmanship and preparing for more difficult hikes without traveling beyond easily accessible mountainous areas. A large number of such passes have been passed in recent years on the Kola Peninsula and the Urals.
Classification of passes
In sports tourism, passes are classified into categories of difficulty, which reflect the difficulty of the pass when passing it by tourists. The category of difficulty is determined by an assessment based on several features characterizing the degree of accessibility of the pass: altitude above sea level, steepness of the slopes, the nature of their surface, technical techniques used when passing the pass, overnight accommodation conditions. There are 3 categories of difficulty, each of which is divided into semi-categories A and B. Passes of category 1-A are considered the simplest, 3-B - the most difficult. Passes whose difficulty is below 1-A are usually classified as non-category. Passes, the difficulty of which can increase by half category depending on weather and other conditions (snowfall, sudden icing of slopes, etc.), are usually further classified with an asterisk. For example, 2-A*.
In the “List of classified high-mountain passes” and “List of classified mid-mountain passes”, for each pass its location, name, altitude above sea level, category of difficulty for different seasons, rivers and glaciers on both sides of the pass, features of passage, obstacles, and dangers are indicated. The category of difficulty for each pass is periodically re-evaluated by a specially created commission.
Table for assessing the difficulty of passes
| Category | Nature of the path | Overcoming technique | Time to overcome. Number of points insurance, N. Section length, L. |
Required equipment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1A | Simple scree, snow and rocky slopes with a steepness of up to 30°; Gentle (up to 15°) glaciers without cracks; Steep grassy slopes with possible rocky areas; Usually there are trails on the approaches. |
The simplest individual movement technique; Self-belaying with an alpenstock or ice ax. When crossing rivers, belaying with a rope may be required on the approaches. Spending the night, as a rule, in a forest or meadow area. |
Few hours N=0 L=0 |
Shoes with non-slip soles, alpen poles, safety belts (chest harnesses) and carabiners for each participant. 1-2 main ropes per group. |
| 1B | Easy rocks; Snowy and scree slopes of medium steepness (from 20 to 45°), and in some years, areas of ice on the slopes, usually covered with snow; Covered glaciers with areas of hidden crevasses |
The simplest collective technique: simultaneous movement in teams along slopes and closed glaciers. Hanging railings on slopes and at crossings. Overnight stays are possible on the border of the glacial zone. | No more than one day N L | Boots with grooved soles, alpenstocks or ice axes (1-2 ice axes per group are required), harnesses and carabiners for each participant. Rock and ice hooks (3-4 per group), rock or ice hammer. One main rope for every 3-4 people. |
| 2A | Rocky, snowy, ice slopes of medium steepness (from 20 to 45°); closed glaciers and simple icefalls. | More complex individual and collective techniques: alternating or group (railing) belay, using “cats” or cutting steps; A hook belay may be required. Overnight stays in the glacial zone are possible. | No more than a day N = 5–10 L 2–3 pitches in a row |
In addition to what is listed for passes 1B: ice axes and crampons for each participant, pitons in the required quantity and assortment. One main rope for every 2-3 people. |
| 2B | Steep (> 45°) snow, ice and rock slopes of medium difficulty, short (up to 10–15 m) wall sections are possible; icefalls of medium difficulty. | Application of the entire most common arsenal of technical techniques: railing or alternate belay, use of pitons; movement of the first on the ascent, and the last on the descent without a backpack, separate ascent and descent of backpacks; Rappelling down a rope. As a rule, overnight stays in the glacial zone are unavoidable. | At least 24 hours N = 5–20 L 3–5 pitches in a row |
In addition to the above for passes 2A: braking devices for rappelling and (preferably) clamps for ascent. Auxiliary rope, loops, expendable ends of ropes and hooks for rappelling. |
| 3A | Steep (45° – 65°) snow, ice and rock slopes of considerable length; wall sections up to 1–2 ropes in a row; complex icefalls. | The use of various methods of movement and insurance over extended areas, including the use of artificial supports, ladders, anchors, etc. Usually, preliminary reconnaissance and route processing is necessary. Tactics take on predominant importance. Repeated overnight stays in the ice zone are inevitable. Organizing a bivouac can require a lot of time and effort. |
Up to two days N = 10–40 L | In addition to the equipment listed above, rope climbing clamps; it is possible to use main and auxiliary ropes of increased length; It may be necessary to use ladders, bookmarks and hooks that are removed during descent. |
| 3B | The same as for 3A, but with a large length of complex sections, their varied nature or extreme complexity, including walls with a steepness of 60° or more. | The need for almost continuous group insurance for many hours and even days; special training designed to overcome this pass; excellent technical skills by all participants; impeccable tactics. There may be a lack of places for overnight stays, which requires the organization of “sitting” or “hanging” bivouacs. |
At least two days N>30 L > 500 m, >10 pitches in a row |
Same as for 3A. You may need equipment specially prepared for a particular pass. |
Notes:
* Belay points mean places where the rope is secured and threaded using an ice ax, hooks with carabiners, rock ledges, ice posts, over the shoulder, lower back, etc., necessary for hanging the railings and for belaying the person going first on the climb and the last one on the descent.
* The presence of potentially dangerous areas (rockfalls, avalanches, ice collapses) does not affect the difficulty category of the pass and should be taken into account in the passage tactics and in the selection of equipment.
* To pass passes of any category of difficulty in winter conditions or with deep snow cover on the slopes, it is additionally required to have avalanche cords (20 m) for each participant and one avalanche shovel for every 2-3 people.
The number of difficulty categories in all types of active tourism is 6. As the difficulty category of a hike increases, its difficulty increases from I to VI (Table 1). The difficulty category of a route is determined by local obstacles encountered along the way. In trekking (mountain tourism) these are passes, in water tourism - rapids, in caving tourism - caves, etc. In turn, local obstacles can also be divided into several categories of difficulty. The difficulty category is used in the context of the hike in general, and the difficulty category is used for local obstacles on the tourist route.
Table 1 – Standards for trips in active tourism
| Difficulty category | I | II | III | IV | V | VI |
| Minimum duration, in days | 6 | 8 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 20 |
| Type of tourism | Minimum trekking length, km | |||||
| Trekking (mountain tourism) | 100 | 120 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 160 |
| Bicycle | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 |
| Water | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 190 |
| Speleo (number of caves) | 5 | 4-5 | 1-2 | 1-2 | 1-2 | 1 |
| Pedestrian | 130 | 160 | 190 | 220 | 250 | 300 |
| Ski | 130 | 150 | 170 | 210 | 240 | 300 |
In trekking, the trekking route must be linear or circular and make up at least 75% of the entire route. This was done so that if there is not enough distance to qualify for the ICC, tourists can make radial exits. "Radial" is counted in one direction if the return is along the same path.
The difficulty of climbing in mountaineering is determined by the complexity of a particular route to a mountain peak. There are also 6 categories of difficulty, divided into 2 semi-categories A and B (1A class in mountaineering is not included in the category classification). The difficulty categories of the route are determined by the difficulty of local sections, of which there are also 6 from I to VI. There is also an international methodology for assessing the difficulty of rocky areas UIAA– Union of International Mountaineering Associations. The classification is presented by 11 k.t. from I to XI. You can watch it.
In trekking, local obstacles are mainly passes (Table 2). There are 3 main categories, divided into semi-categories just like in mountaineering - A and B. There are passes without c.t. – uncategorized (indicated on maps as n/a). Traverses and peak ascents can be included in your trekking credit. Here it is necessary to correctly translate the mountaineering category of difficulty into trekking. It roughly looks like this:
— the nature of the most difficult sections of the pass;
— equipment, movement tactics and features of overnight accommodations necessary to overcome the pass;
— quantitative characteristics (travel time, number of insurance points);
- necessary special equipment ( Popchikovsky V.Yu.).
Any c.s. is included in the credit for the route. includes several passes (Table 2). A minimum number of passes of a given difficulty has been established. In this case, the maximum number of passes in one route can be increased by 2. A tourist group can include passes of any difficulty, not exceeding the complexity of the hike. It is worth noting that, starting with the III class campaign, the group has the right to decide for themselves which pass is more logical to go through.
Table 2 – Standards for the difficulty category of trekking trips
| Hiking difficulty category | ||||||
| I | II | III | IV | V | VI | |
| Minimum number of passes | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Difficulty of the passes | ||||||
| 1A | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1B | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 2A | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 2B | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 3A | 2 | 1* | ||||
| 3B | 2* | |||||
*on route VI class lane option possible 2B – 1 piece, 3A – 3 pieces, 3B – 1 piece.
The difficulty of the passes is determined as follows (Table 3).
Table 3 – Criteria for assessing the difficulty of passes
(Table from the book “Russian tourist. Regulatory acts on sports and health tourism in Russia for 2001-2004.”)
| K.t. pass | The nature of the most difficult sections of the route | Technology and travel conditions | Total time (t) to overcome the pass. Number of belay points (n). Defining section length (I) | Special equipment required |
| 1A | Simple, scree, snow and rocky slopes with a steepness of up to 30°, gentle (up to 15°) glaciers without cracks, steep grassy slopes, on which areas of rocks are possible, usually there are trails on the approaches. | The simplest individual movement technique is self-belaying with an alpenstock or ice ax. When crossing rivers, belaying with a rope may be required on the approaches. Spending the night, as a rule, in a forest or meadow area. | Several hours.n = 0I = 0 | Shoes with non-slip soles, alpen poles, safety belts (chest harnesses) and carabiners for each participant. 1-2 main ropes per group. |
| 1B | Simple rocks, snow and scree slopes of medium steepness (from 20 to 45°), and in some years, areas of ice on the slopes, usually covered with snow: closed glaciers with areas of hidden cracks. | The simplest collective technique: simultaneous movement in teams along slopes and closed glaciers. Hanging railings on slopes and at crossings. Overnight stays are possible on the border of the glacial zone. | No more than one day.n = up to 5I = up to 40-50 m. | Boots with grooved soles, alpenstocks or ice axes (1-2 ice axes per group are required), harnesses and carabiners for each participant. One main rope for every 3-4 people. Rock and ice pitons (3-4 per group), rock and ice hammer. |
| 2A | Rocky, snowy, ice slopes of medium steepness (from 20 to 45°), closed glaciers and simple icefalls. | More complex individual and collective techniques, alternating or group (railing) belays, the use of crampons or cutting steps may require a hook belay. Overnight stays in the glacial zone are possible. | No more than a dayn = 5-10I = up to 80-100 m (2-3 pitches in a row) | In addition to what is listed for passes 1B k.t. ice axes and crampons for each participant, pitons in the required quantity and assortment. One main rope for every 2-3 people. |
| 2B | Steep (over 45°) snow, ice and rock slopes of average complexity; short (up to 10-15 m) wall sections of icefalls of average complexity are possible. | The use of the entire most common arsenal of technical techniques: railing or alternating belay, the use of pitons, the movement of the first on the ascent, and the last on the descent without a backpack, separate ascent and descent of backpacks, rappelling. As a rule, overnight stays in the glacial zone are unavoidable. | At least a day.n = 5-20I = up to 200 m (3-5 pitches in a row) | In addition to what is listed for passes 2A k.t.,: braking devices for rappelling and (preferably) clamps for ascent. Auxiliary rope, loops, expendable ends of ropes and hooks for rappelling. |
| 3A | Steep (from 45 to 65°) snow, ice and rock slopes of considerable length, wall sections up to 1-2 pitches in a row, complex icefalls. | The use of various methods of movement and insurance over extended areas, including the use of artificial supports, ladders, anchors, etc. Usually, preliminary reconnaissance and route processing is necessary. Tactics take on predominant importance. Repeated overnight stays in the ice zone are inevitable. Organizing a bivouac can require a lot of time and effort. | Up to two daysn = 10-40I = from 200 to 500 m (up to 10 pitches in a row) | In addition to the equipment listed above, clamps for climbing a rope, it is possible to use main and auxiliary ropes of increased length; it may be necessary to use ladders, bookmarks and hooks that are removed during descent. |
| 3B | The same as for 3A, but with a greater length of difficult sections, their varied nature or extreme complexity, including walls with a steepness of 60° or more. | The need for almost continuous mutual and group belay for many hours and even days, special, designed to overcome a given pass, training for excellent mastery of equipment by all participants in impeccable tactics. There may be a lack of places to spend the night, which requires the organization of sitting or hanging bivouacs. | At least two days.n ≥ 30I = 500 m or more (more than 10 ropes in a row) | The same as 3A kt. Equipment specially prepared for overcoming a specific pass may be required. |
The criteria for evaluating routes to mountain peaks include:
— absolute height of the peak;
— length of the route;
— steepness of slopes, nature of the relief;
— technical complexity of individual sections;
— the total number of sections of varying degrees of difficulty on the way to the top;
— approaches and descent from the summit are not included in the route difficulty category.
In general, they are similar to the assessment of passes. The complexity of climbing routes is determined as shown in tables 4 and 5.
Table 4 – Criteria for assessing the complexity of routes to mountain peaks
| K.s. peaks | Character of the slopes of the summit | Category of difficulty of sections on the route (for details about the difficulty level, see the table below). | Total time (t) to overcome the peak. Number of belay points (n). |
| 1B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks up to 5000 m high. The average length of the route is 500 m, the average steepness is 10-25°. | The basis is made up of sections 0 kt. It is necessary to have section I k.t. (rocky: 20-30 m or more, or ice-snow: 80-100 m or more) or the presence of several sections of class II. (each - 3-15 m of rock or 30-40 m of ice-snow nature). | t from 1.5 to 8 hours n = 0+ |
| 2A | The basis is made up of sections 0 and 1 kt. It is necessary to have a section II k.t. (rocky: 5-20 m, or ice-snow: 80-100 m). | t from 2 to 10 hours n = 0+ | |
| 2B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks up to 6000 m high. The average length of the route is 550 m, the average steepness is 15-30°. | The basis is made up of sections 0 and 1 kt. It is necessary to have a section II k.t. (rocky: 15-30 m or more, or ice-snow: 80-100 m or more) or the presence of several sections of class III. (each - 3-10 m of rock or 20-50 m of ice-snow nature). | t from 2 to 10 hours n = 0-3 |
| 3A | The basis is made up of sections I and II of the class. It is necessary to have section III k.t. (rocky: 5-20 m, or ice-snow: 50-200 m). | t from 3 to 10 hours n = 1-3 Rope descent is possible. | |
| 3B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks up to 6500 m high. The average length of the route is 600 m, the average steepness is 20-40°. | The basis is made up of sections I and II of the class. It is necessary to have section III k.t. (rocky: 20-30 m, or ice-snow: 100-300 m) or the presence of several sections of IV class. (each - 3-15 m of rock or 50-100 m of ice-snow nature). | t from 3 to 10 hours n = 2-6 Rope descent. |
| 4A | The basis is made up of sections II and III of the class. It is necessary to have section IV room. (rocky: 20-50 m, or ice-snow: 50-200 m). | t ≥5 hours n = 10-15+It may be necessary to organize an overnight stay along the route. Rope descent. | |
| 4B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks up to 7000 m high. The average length of the route is 650 m, the average steepness is 30-50°. | The basis is made up of sections II and III of the class. It is necessary to have section IV room. (rocky: 40-80 m, or ice-snow: 200-400 m) or the presence of several sections of V c.t. (each - 3-15 m of rock or 50-150 m of ice-snow nature). | t ≥6 hours n = 10-20+ In most cases, you will need to organize an overnight stay along the route. Rope descent. |
| 5A | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks up to 7500 m high. The average length of the route is 700 m, the average steepness is 40-60°. | The basis consists of sections III and IV of the class. It is necessary to have section V k.t. (rocky: 10-40 m, or ice-snow: 100-400 m). | t ≥6 hours n = 15-20+ In most cases, you will need to organize an overnight stay along the route. Rope descent. |
| 5 B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks over 2000 m high. The average length of the route is 750 m, the average steepness is 45-70°. | There are practically no sections I and II grades. The basis is made up of sections III and IV of the class. It is necessary to have a section V k.t. (rocky: 50 m, or ice-snow: 300-500 m) or the presence of several sections of VI class. (3-20 m each). | t ≥8 hours n = 40-50+ In most cases, technically complex organization of overnight accommodation along the route will be required. Descent only by rope. |
| 6A | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks over 3000 m high. The average length of the route is 800 m, the average steepness is 65-75°. | There are practically no sections I-III k.t. The basis is made up of sections IV and V c.t. It is necessary to have sections VI k.t. (each - 20-40 m or more), with a total length of at least 200 m. | t ≥3 daysn = 100+Technically complex organization of overnight accommodation along the route is required (mainly sitting or hanging places). Descent only by rope. |
| 6B | Rocky/snow-ice or combined route, peaks over 3000 m high. Average route length – 800 m, average steepness – 70-80°. | There are practically no sections I-IV c.t. The basis is made up of sections V and VI of the class. | t ≥3 daysn = 100+Technically complex organization of overnight accommodation along the route is required (mainly hanging hammocks, etc.). Descent only by rope. |
| K.T. | Nature of the sites | Passing technique |
| 0 | Snow-ice, rocky slopes and ridges with a steepness of 10-20°. | The sections are traversed by the entire group moving simultaneously. |
| I | Snow and ice areas with a steepness of 15-30°, non-steep rocks. | Sections are covered by the simultaneous movement of the entire group, using arms to maintain balance. |
| II | Snow-ice areas with a steepness of 25-30°, non-steep rocks. | The sections are climbed alternately, and by experienced climbers - simultaneously, using their hands to maintain balance. |
| III | Snow and ice areas with a steepness of 30-45°, steep rocks with numerous holds and ledges, or gentle but smooth rocks. | Rocky sections are traversed by “free climbing”, with the main load on the legs and a backpack on the shoulders. Snow and ice areas are covered using a “three-step” technique or wearing crampons. |
| IV | Snow-ice areas (slopes and ridges with snow cornices) with a steepness of 40-55°, steep rocks with a few holds and ledges. | Rocky sections are traversed by “free climbing”; climbing with a backpack on your shoulders is possible, but very difficult. Snow and ice areas are covered mainly on the front teeth of the crampons. |
| V | Snow-ice areas (slopes and ridges with snow cornices) with a steepness of more than 45°, steep rocks with a few inconvenient holds and ledges. | Rocky areas are traversed by “free climbing” or with the installation of artificial support points (AID). Walking with a heavy backpack on your shoulders is impossible. Snow and ice areas are covered mainly on the front teeth of the crampons, but mainly with aid. |
| VI | Rocky vertical walls and overhangs with inconvenient, few holds and ledges. | Passing sections requires effort to the limit of human capabilities. |
There is no official assessment of backcountry routes in the post-Soviet space. The category of complexity of backcountry routes is closely intertwined with the complexity of mountaineering and hiking routes (Table 6).
Table 6 – Assessment of the complexity of backcountry routes ( Vitaliy Rage)
| K.s. route | Difficulty (rating) of the descent (ski)* | Analogue in mountaineering | Average slope and terrain | Features of the descent and degree of danger |
| F –Simple | 1, 2.1, 2.2 | n/k, flat | ≤28 o, hilly terrain without obstacles. | No key areas, no risk of losing control and falling. |
| P.D. – Not very difficult | 2.1-3.2 | n/a, cooler | 28-35 o, open spaces with small areas of steep terrain. Riding in the forest. Not very steep and short narrowings. | Turns are possible to overcome obstacles. Steep sections with good rollout. |
| AD – Average | 3.2-4.3 | 1A, 1B | 35-40 o, steep sections are inevitable. Short and very steep tapers. | The need for short turns. Risk of injury due to loss of control. Overcoming obstacles requires quick reactions. |
| D – Complex | 4.2-5.2 | 2A-3A | 40-45 o, steep slope, rocks, cliffs, ice. | Short turns are still possible. There are many obstacles that require excellent equipment control. If you fall, death is possible. |
| T.D. – Very difficult | 5.3+ | 3B-4B (5A) | 45-50 o, very steep slope, many rocky faults, steps, cliffs, large cracks. | Part of what is needed is short turns and slides down long, steep couloirs. Rappelling is possible. If you fall, death is likely. |
| ED (EX) – Extreme | 5.4+ | 5A and above | 50-55 o, steep walls and couloirs, rocky steps, faults, cliffs, large cracks. | Short turns and slides along long steep couloirs are required. Rappelling through rock walls. Lack of safe stopping points |
Methods for categorizing other types of active tourism can be viewed in detail in this book on pp. 86-115. Vostokov I.E., Panov S.N. Russian tourist. Regulatory acts on sports and health tourism in Russia for 2001-2004. – M., 2001. Download .
The routes can be officially completed in Federation of Sports Tourism and Tourist All-Arounds, we have one like this. On the site you can find various information on tourist and sports events for active types of tourism: competitions, touriades, festivals, water regattas, etc. throughout Kazakhstan. But this is if you want to become an athlete, if not, then join us.
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