Federal highway m 2. M2 - Crimea - M2 - Crimea - Highways - Gas stations. The further fate of the route

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Federal highway M2 "Crimea" - federal highway Moscow - Tula - Orel - Kursk - Belgorod - state border with Ukraine (with entrances to the historical and architectural complex "Odintsovo", Tula, Orel, Kursk, Belgorod).

The route is integral part European route E105. The length of the road is about 700 km.

The continuation of the route on the territory of Ukraine is the M-20 highway to Kharkov and M-18 Kharkov - Yalta (the section from the Crimean border to Yalta is considered by the Crimean authorities as regional road 35A-002).

Route

The M2 highway begins at the intersection of the Warsaw highway and then passes through the territory of the Moscow region east of the cities of Shcherbinka, Podolsk, and Klimovsk. Before the intersection with the road has four lanes in each direction and is fully lit. On the Podolsk bypass, the road has five lanes in each direction. Further, the highway narrows to three lanes in each direction, is fully illuminated, and bypasses Chekhov and Serpukhov near Moscow from the east. At km 83, the road crosses and narrows to two lanes in each direction. In the Moscow region, there is one traffic police post on the highway at the 100th km at the entrance to the bridge named after Podolsk cadets over the Oka River.
On this section of the road there is a duplicate road (the old Simferopol highway), passing to the west, through the mentioned cities. In them, on address signs of houses and road signs, it is listed as Simferopol Highway.
Further the highway goes through the territory Tula region and has coverage up to 156 km. The junction at km 155 intersects with the old M2 route. From here the main route to Tula continues along the usual two-three-lane road. The highway bypasses Tula from the west and ends at the intersection with the P132 Ryazan - Tula - Kaluga highway in the area of the settlements of Pomogalova and Zhirovka.
After the junction with the highway, the road goes around Tula from the west along a bypass road and crosses the P132 highway. Next, the route passes along the bypass on the western side of Shchekin. The settlements near the border of the Tula region Plavsk and Chern do not have bypass roads, and the M-2 highway passes through them.
Then the route goes through the territory Oryol region, bypassing the city of Mtsensk along the eastern bypass road. Before the entrance to the administrative center of the region there is a traffic police post equipped with a weighing platform. Further, the road goes around Oryol on the eastern side. Most of the bypass around Oryol has a 60 km/h limit due to nearby large factories and a railway station. Here the route crosses the Oka River again. Next, the route follows a bypass on the western side of the village of Kromy. Near the village of Trosna it contains a branch of A142/E 391 to Zheleznogorsk and Kalinovka (further to Kyiv) and turns in a southerly direction. The village of Trosna does not have a bypass road.
Further, the route goes through the territory of the Kursk region, bypasses the city of Fatezh, bypasses the city of Kursk along a bypass road passing along the outskirts of the city, bypasses the city of Oboyan from the west.
Then the road goes through the territory of the Belgorod region in a south-eastern direction, east of the city The builder bypasses Belgorod along the bypass road from the west and then goes southwest through Streletskoye and ends as M2 on the state border with Ukraine.

History of the road

The route of the road is based on the ancient Crimean Highway. The section of the Moscow - Kharkov road was built in 1840-60. The road was completely reconstructed in 1946-50, receiving an asphalt concrete surface. Route Moscow - Kharkov - Simferopol in Soviet time until the mid-1980s it was number 4.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the road was divided into two parts belonging to different jurisdictions. The Russian section of the road from Moscow to the border with Ukraine received its current name and number. The economic and strategic importance of the road has decreased, traffic flow has decreased, which also affected the pace of its further reconstruction. Thus, during the 2000s, a small (12 km) section was reconstructed from the 155 km interchange to the intersection with the P132 highway, which was opened in the late 2000s. In March 2012, the authorities of the Tula region announced their intention to seek further construction and development of the highway.
In 2014, the highway from the border with the Moscow region to the turn to Tula was almost completely repaired with lighting installed throughout the entire section. Also in 2014, the bypass of the city of Oryol was reconstructed with a fragmentary arrangement of additional lanes (at exits and interchanges) and lighting on them. Traffic lights were also installed at some junctions.
At the end of 2015, a major overhaul of the road section 603-620 km was completed (Belgorod region, interchange to Rakitnoye - turn to Verkhopenye). The roadway was widened to 4 lanes. A set of works was carried out to develop roadside infrastructure.
In 2017, work began on the section from 83 km to 95 km. The road will be widened to six lanes, with lighting installed. The repairs should be completed by November 2018, after which similar work will begin from km 95 to km 108.

The M-2 federal highway begins in Moscow and, passing through such large settlements as Serpukhov, Tula, Orel, Kursk, Belgorod, ends at the international automobile checkpoint on the border with Ukraine. The length of the route is 720 km. The terrain along the route is hills and plains, some sections are laid through forests. Most large rivers along the route: Oka, Seversky Donets and Seym. M-2 is an integral part of the international highway E-105, which connects cold north and hot south (Arctic region and Crimea).

Road surface and traffic

Currently, the highway is largely unloaded, since the main traffic of cars on the way to Crimea goes along the M-4 Don highway. The track is covered with asphalt and concrete. The worst condition of the surface is in the Kursk region; there are many holes and areas of raised asphalt. At the initial section of the route and in the Belgorod region, the road can be considered almost ideal.

On the Moscow-Serpukhov and Serpukhov-Tula sections, traffic occurs in 4 lanes, then the road narrows to 2 lanes. On this moment The route is completely free, although the government plans to open several high-speed toll sections. There are few traffic jams along the route; traffic congestions are observed only in the Moscow region and in front of the international checkpoint on the border with Ukraine. Bypass roads have been built around regional centers and the city of Mtsensk.

The most active repair work is carried out in the Moscow and Tula regions. The highway is densely packed with video cameras and radars. When worsening weather conditions in the southern regions it is better not to pull over to the side of the road, as there is a high probability of stalling on local black soils.

Parking spaces

The first parking lot on the M-2 highway can be made already at 28 km, where the decent Rus-Hotel is located, equipped with a guarded parking lot. There is also an ATM, free Wi-Fi and a restaurant. Car repair service and night club, sauna, shop, restaurant, can be found at the Ivanhoe Motel at 41 km of the highway.

An elite place for roadside recreation is the Grumant Hotel - 201 km (fishing, sauna, swimming pool, gym, SPA center, boating). Acceptable prices for comfortable rooms they offer at the VIKTOR motel - 207 km (guarded parking lot, gas station, bar, sauna). Just a little over 100 kilometers from Tula in the village of Chern there is the Bezhin Lug hotel, where you can spend the night in relative comfort, have dinner in a cafe and leave your car in the parking lot.

In the Oryol region you can stay overnight at the inexpensive Lyana motel - 382 km ( free parking, cafe, sauna).

The cheapest rooms on the highway can be found in the hotel "MPKKH" - 244 km, Plavsk (tire service, cafe) and motel "512 kilometer" (parking, cafe).

On the territory of the Kursk region there are stops at the Kursk Nightingale motel - 509 km (car service, restaurant) and the White Stork hotel - 529 km on the bypass around Kursk (parking, cafe). Here, on the bypass highway, is the Altair motel, which is different good conditions accommodation at national prices (parking, restaurant, bar, free Wi-Fi, payment terminals). Near the town of Fatezh (477 km) there is a hotel of the same name, where at an affordable price you can rent a comfortable room with air conditioning, Wi-Fi, TV and minibar. There is also paid guarded parking here. Breakfast is included in the price of the overnight stay, and the dishes on the menu are of good quality.

In the area of Oboyan (597 km) you can find two hotels at once: “Iceberg” (cheap rooms, free Wi-Fi, parking, sauna, cafe) and “Oboyan” (free Wi-Fi, guarded parking, cheap rooms).

Already in the Belgorod region you can stay overnight at the hotels “Russkoye Podvorye” - 650 km (parking lot, sauna, tavern) and "Yugo-Zapadnaya" - 679 km on the Belgorod bypass.

Gas stations

Basically, gas stations on the highway are located every 2-3 km. Small gaps in the location of these objects transport infrastructure available in the following areas:
Tula region - 123-136 km, 216-229 km, 249-264 km and 266-278 km;
Oryol region - 329-341 km and 400-436 km;
Kursk region - 467-478 km, 496-510 km, 544-566 km and 576-594 km;
Belgorod region - 607-622 km, 622-634 km, 648-664 km and 664-678 km.

The density of gas stations decreases as you move away from Moscow, but this does not pose any particular problems for drivers Vehicle with diesel and gasoline engines. Most often you can find gas stations Rosneft, Tatneft, Gazpromneft and Lukoil. Almost all of them are equipped with a telephone and a toilet.

Information for motorists

In the Oryol region there is a very dense location of traffic police posts, you should be careful when overtaking and not exceed the permitted speed. In the Kursk region, radars predominate. The bad reputation of the Oryol road guards forces drivers to use radar detectors.

Drivers should be careful on hazardous areas(136 and 268 km), where the route makes sharp turns. Overtaking and speeding here are fraught with consequences.

It is also necessary to stop carefully and carefully on the sides of the road, since along the highway they leave much to be desired.

You can eat inexpensively and tasty in those establishments where truck drivers stop.

Sights of the M-2 “Crimea” highway

The most famous city The route is Tula. Many drivers do not bypass it, but drive straight through the city in search of delicious Tula gingerbread. There are many ancient churches in Tula, some of which were built before the Mongol-Tatar invasion. The city fortress of Tula will soon be 500 years old; it is an ancient stone Kremlin. Of course, the samovar museum is popular among visitors and those passing through in transit.

The route ends at the international checkpoint in the village. Nekhoteevka, where the border with Ukraine passes.

The road is completely asphalt covered. Has from 1 to 4 lanes in each direction. The section between Moscow and Tula along the entire route has the status of a motorway, with a permitted speed of 110 km/h. After Tula, the highway turns into a regular road with a speed limit of 90 km/h. All major cities encountered have bypass roads. The usual travel time for the section from Moscow to Kursk is from 6.5 to 10 hours in single-player mode. The section between Moscow and Tula is covered in 2 hours.

Departures from cities

Traffic in the direction from Moscow to Tula

22km

The position for exiting in a southerly direction is located immediately after the exit from the Moscow Ring Road. To get there, just get off at the Anino metro station and walk south about 1.8 km. Despite the fact that the Moscow Ring Road is visible from a position with the naked eye, the road metric immediately informs you that you are at 22 km of the M2 highway.

The width of the curb does not allow for problem-free stopping of vehicles. There is simply no place to stop mainline tractors weighing more than 12 tons. The maximum that I myself managed to stop there was Lawn Next with a mass of up to 5 tons. The problem is aggravated by the presence of 4 lanes and flow speeds of about 80-100 km/h. It is optimal to go no closer than Serpukhov.

42km

On the section from 22 km M2 to the first turn towards Klimovsk, the road has a backup, which is separated from the main route by a blind bumper. It is not recommended to enter this area of the terrain under any circumstances, because you can get stuck for a very long time. After 42 km there is no more backup.

97km Turn to Serpukhov

To avoid finding yourself in a situation where you wait until the last minute and the driver is already turning towards Serpukhov, I would recommend going to the gas station 1 km before the turn into the city. The stop position there is quite adequate, there is an accelerating pocket with a gas station that can be used for stopping.

156 km turn to the short bypass of Tula

If the driver is going to Kaluga or to Tula itself, then I would recommend getting off at this position and catching the next car that would go further than Tula. Please note that Tula has two bypass roads. The long route goes around the city in a larger arc and adjoins the short bypass at 195 km of the M2 highway. If you need to get to Tula itself, then you need to take a short road. To get to the short road, at 156 km you need to make a right turn, entering the overpass. A long bypass goes around the city to the east, and adjoins the R-132 road, which connects Kaluga and Ryazan. By myself my own way R-132 is financed from the regional budget, and the presence of a wide shoulder (as well as a good position) on it is rare. If your driver is going to Kaluga, I do not advise you to delay with him until the last minute - it is better to go to 156 km of the M2 highway

Traffic in the direction from Tula to Orel

195 km fork: Tula-Moscow-Kaluga-Ryazan

When driving along a highway from south to north, if the driver takes you to a fork, it is optimal to stop after it in order to cut off those who are traveling in the direction of Kaluga and Ryazan. When driving from North to South, it is optimal to stop opposite the traffic police post - a landmark monument in the form of a motorcycle. In bad weather conditions, or at night, it is optimal to go out here, since the next position where there will be good lighting and low flow speed will be only at 357 km of the M2 highway

232 km fork: M2-M4

In the interval between the villages of Lopatkovo and Lukino there is a branch going to the M4. If you don’t want to study exits to the M4, you can use this option (theoretically). In the very place where the fork is located, the position is so-so. It is better to walk 700 meters to Lukino. Immediately after the start settlement On the right there will be a convenient pocket in the form of a hitchhiking stop. This is your position. In Lopatkovo itself, when moving from Moscow to the south, on the right side there will be a good cafe, both in terms of the number of dishes and prices. The only drawback is that the number of tables is not large, and there is a risk that all the seats will be occupied.

244 km Plavsk

If the driver is going to this city, I would strongly recommend not delaying it until the last minute, because the city is built in a hilly area and has a long distance. When driving from north to south, there are no hitchhiking positions at all. When moving from south to north, there are “ersatz positions” located on the rise. It’s optimal to get out somewhere before the city. Not a very bad position in front of the city (when moving from north to south) - near the Mound of Glory.

284 km Chern

The city has an even greater extent than the previous Plavsk, but the terrain is not so hilly, and positions meet in both directions. There is a "Pyaterochka" type store (visible from the highway).

293 km tavern

In the village of Medvezhka there is a cafe "Tula-50". in which the most wide choose dishes on the M2 highway and quite reasonable prices. Opening hours from 9 to 22.00 (information regarding operating hours may be out of date). If your driver is there for the first time, then do not advise him to drive up to the cafe itself, especially in the off-season. There is no asphalt near the establishment, and after rain the area turns into a swamp.

305 km tavern

Immediately after Mtsensk (when driving from South to North) on the right side of the road there will be another good cafe, but a lower rank than 293 km. Its plus is round-the-clock operation. When driving from north to south, the position near the turn to Mtsensk will be worse than when driving from South to North.

354 km traffic police post

If your driver is heading to the city of Orel, then he recommended getting off here and catching the car 30 meters from the traffic police post - stopping is prohibited. The flow in that place moves very slowly, and drivers have enough time to “study” you. If the stopped driver goes to one of these places: Voronezh, Lipetsk, Novosil, Bryansk and any other place - shorter than the bypass of the city of Orel, then it is better to refuse the trip. The bypass itself is 27 km long and must be passed strictly in one car. They are not often found at the bypass position itself.

Traffic in the direction from Orel to Kursk

381 km end of the Oryol bypass

When moving from north to south, walk 700 meters south to the nearest gas station - the position there is almost ideal, except that part of the traffic will be scared away by the yellow stripe on the right. In the summer of 2017, a continuous barrier was installed in front of the cafe, and the area near the catering points became unsuitable for stopping anyone. However, when driving from south to north, if your previous driver was traveling to the city of Orel or, for example, Bryansk, and offered to drop you off near a cafe near the city, do not agree, because “the road to hell is paved with good intentions.” The flow of traffic that goes to Oryol will get in the way, and prevent the eyes of those driving past the city from observing you. If you stop right next to a cafe, there is a risk of getting stuck for a long time. It’s optimal to walk north 1.7 km to the place where the bypass begins to bifurcate; the road has a slight downward slope, and the hike will not be difficult. In this case, the flow heading to the city of Orel will no longer be “underfoot.”

436 km fork M2-Zheleznogorsk

If your driver is traveling to Zheleznogorsk, then you have 3 options. The first and easiest is to get off in the village of Zhernovets. In the village itself there is both a hitchhiking position and a hotel (the position is located right next to the hotel). The second is to get off right at the fork to Zheleznogorsk. Afterwards you will have to walk 1 km to the end of the climb. There the position is almost suitable for hitchhiking, except that there is a slight slope of the terrain, which can scare off some loaded cars. “Small” is about 6 degrees (estimated by eye), but keep in mind that at night the rise is not illuminated. The problem is aggravated by the fact that before the turn to Zheleznogorsk there is a descent on which cars accelerate to significant speeds, and at the end of the ascent they will no longer stop and will not be happy to pick you up. Therefore, in general, the position is suitable for hitchhiking with a score of 3 out of 5. The third option is to walk 3.5 km from the turn to Zheleznogorsk to the village of Trosna; in the village of Trosna itself there is lighting.

If the driver offers to drop you off a little further than the village of Zhernovets, in the village of Nizhnee Mukhanovo (which will be 7 km closer to the fork) - then do not agree! Nizhnee Mukhanovo is located in a hilly area, and you will have to stop on the rise, which will make it difficult for anyone to stop

440 km Trosna

When driving from south to north, at the end of the village, just after the last pedestrian crossing, there is an ideal position to stop everything possible, it is illuminated at night. When moving from north to south, the position will be immediately after turning left, after entering the village.

480 km bypass of the village of Fatezh

The terrain is hilly and there is a bumper on each side of the road, which makes hitchhiking difficult. When moving in any direction, it is highly recommended not to enter the bypass section, due to the very small number of positions.

516 km traffic police post at the entrance to Kursk

If you and the driver need to go to Kursk, then the best place to get off is not here, but after 6 km, at the place where the bypass road crosses the street. 50 years of October, since the final stop of the route transport is located on the bypass road.

When driving from South to North, the optimal place for hitchhiking of any type of transport is 1.2 km from the post - you will see on the right side bus stop and a convenient pocket for stopping.

At night this area is not illuminated, it is best to stop either 300 meters earlier - there is light from the gas station. But keep in mind that the terrain in this place is such that when a mainline tractor stops, it will block part of the passing lane with its body, which will certainly scare off heavy truck drivers. Also, after 2 km in the direction of travel there will be the village of V. Medveditsa in which the road is completely electrified, and there are positions there

Ensuring quality transport communication in the direction Moscow - Crimea has long been a pressing issue. It acquired particular relevance after joining Crimean peninsula To Russian Federation. One of the main roads providing communication between Moscow and Simferopol is the M2 highway. Let's take a look at the history of this highway and learn about its pressing problems.

General characteristics

The M2 Crimea highway is part of the European highway E105 Kirkenes (Norway) - Yalta. It stretches from the Russian capital to the Nekhoteevka multilateral automobile checkpoint in the Kursk region on the Russian-Ukrainian border. It runs through the territories of five administrative units: Moscow region, Tula, Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod. Total length routes - 720 kilometers. From Moscow to Tula it is a high-speed highway with a length of 155 kilometers. Further, the route all the way to the Ukrainian border is an ordinary highway. There are six gas stations along the route. The average distance between them is 73 kilometers.

Coating quality

The M-2 Crimea highway has an asphalt concrete hard surface along its entire length. It seems to be of better quality on the high-speed section of the route from Moscow to Tula. The coating in the Belgorod region is also well preserved. But in the Kursk region the road has the most various defects. At the same time, constant pothole repairs of the road surface are taking place. The width of the roadway varies from eight to ten meters.

The quality of the coating can also be judged from the photos posted in this review.

Route history

The Crimean tract has been known since the Middle Ages. Initially, it began on the territory of the modern Dnepropetrovsk region in Ukraine and stretched to the peninsula. It was trade road, through which salt was imported from Crimea to the territory of Ukraine, and to reverse direction- grain and some other products.

With the annexation of the Hetmanate to the Russian Tsardom, the trade route began to stretch all the way to Moscow. In the middle of the 19th century, a road was built that connected Moscow and Kharkov. Immediately in the post-war years, highway No. 4 Moscow - Simferopol was created, passing through Kharkov, which already had a hard asphalt surface.

Construction of the M2 highway

The idea of building a modern Moscow-Crimea highway arose with the Summer Olympics in 1980 in the Soviet Union. It was planned that this would be a high-speed analogue of the existing road. However, in many sections the new M2 highway is a reconstruction of the old highway. But by the beginning of the Olympics, it was only possible to build a section that passed through the territory of the Moscow region, and even then not completely. By 1983, the route was extended only to Serpukhov. At the same time, construction of the Trosna-Tula section began.

By the end of the 80s, most of the work on the reconstruction of the old highway was not yet completed. Since the beginning of the 90s, the project was largely curtailed, and reconstruction was carried out only from time to time, sporadically. The highway itself, which was planned to be built to Crimea, was only extended to Tula. It had a segment of 155 km.

The further fate of the route

With the liquidation of the Soviet Union, the M2 Moscow-Crimea highway lost its former transport and economic significance. In fact, it was divided between two states: Russia and Ukraine. In none of these countries was this direction of traffic a priority; the transport load was significantly reduced. In this regard, the Russian authorities paid more attention to the development of roads in the Volga region and Siberia. It was from the moment of the collapse of the USSR that the highway acquired its current name in the classification highways Russia - highway M2 "Crimea".

During the 90s of the 20th century, virtually no work was carried out to reconstruct the road. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, a 12-kilometer section had been reconstructed. Now the highway reached the intersection with the P-132 highway.

Prospects

In 2012, the administration of the Tula region announced that it intended to initiate further construction of the highway right up to the Ukrainian border. At present, we can say that the M-2 highway on the Moscow-Tula section has been completely reconstructed. Further repair of the highway is still in question. Actually, from Tula to the Ukrainian border and further across the territory of Ukraine, the highway is a road built in the post-war years.

It is planned that the M2 highway will become a toll highway in the near future. More precisely, they will charge a fee for travel along the section from the 21st to the 108th kilometer. This section of the highway, known as the Simferopol Highway, is entirely located in the Moscow region. It is planned to build twenty-one points where fares will be collected.

Currently, the fate of the route is largely connected with foreign policy issues. On the one hand, after the annexation of Crimea to Russia in 2014, the M2 highway began to be considered as a more promising direction. But on the other hand, the significantly worsened relations between Ukraine and Russia have led to the fact that the traffic flow on the highway has decreased significantly. Thus, the M2 highway as the main transport route when traveling to Crimea can only be considered after the normalization of relations with Ukraine.

Route

The M2 highway originates in Moscow, more precisely, at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road and the Warsaw Highway. Before the intersection with MMK, the road has 3 lanes in each direction. After MMK, the M2 highway narrows to two lanes. Then the highway crosses the "Big Concrete Road".

Then the route passes through the bridge on the Oka River, through the city of Serpukhov, and runs through the territory of the Tula region. At the 155th kilometer the highway ends and a regular highway goes to Tula, which is a section of the old Moscow-Simferopol highway. The highway itself goes around Tula from the west and ends at the intersection with the Kaluga - Ryazan road.

This is where the main highway ends, and further towards the border with Ukraine the Moscow-Crimea road is a regular route. After Tula, the route runs through the territory of the Oryol region, avoiding such big cities, like Orel and Mtsensk, and crosses the borders of the Kursk region. After the road goes around the city of Kursk, it runs through the territory of the Belgorod region, the administrative center of which, Belgorod, also remains aside. The end of the route is considered to be the state border of Russia and Ukraine, namely the Nekhoteevka multilateral automobile checkpoint.

Ukrainian section of the road

Although the Ukrainian section of the Moscow-Simferopol road is an actual continuation of the M2 highway, it officially bears a different name - M20. This road runs from the Ukrainian multilateral automobile checkpoint "Goptovka" to Kharkov. After this, the route takes the name M-29 and goes to Novomoskovsk in the Dnepropetrovsk region as an expressway. After this, the highway number changes to M-18, and it stretches to the borders of Crimea. On the territory of Crimea, the route goes through Simferopol to Yalta. According to the Ukrainian classification it is called 35A002, and according to the Russian classification it is called P20. It is in Yalta that the European highway E105 ends.

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