What does a Boeing look like? How to distinguish between Airbus and Boeing aircraft. A320 or B737 series

How often have you wondered what kind of plane is flying over you or what kind of plane you are going on a trip on? Is it Boeing or Airbus? Is this an A330 or a B777?

Presented here simple instructions to identify the type and model of aircraft for those interested in aviation. Let's try to make this instruction as clear as possible.

How to identify a plane?

The first and easiest way is to look at the name of the aircraft, which is often written on the fuselage. On most aircraft it can be found and read and is not difficult to do if you are close enough to the aircraft.
For practical reasons, we will focus only on two aviation giants - Airbus and Boeing - and will not consider other manufacturers such as Lockheed, McDonnell Douglas, Antonov, Ilyushin, Bombardier, Embraer, Sukhoi.
We will also consider aircraft that are this moment actively fly around the world, so older models will not be described here.

Brief information

Boeing is an American company and the world's largest aircraft manufacturer based on indicators such as profits, orders and deliveries of finished aircraft. Airbus is a European manufacturer, a division of EADS, and the creator of almost half of the world's jet-powered aircraft.

Boeing aircraft are numbered starting with the number 7, such as the 737, 747, 757, 767, 777 and the newest 787 Dreamliner.
Airbus aircraft are numbered starting with the number 3, for example A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330, A340, A380.

Airbus or Boeing. A-Team vs. B-Team

The nose of the Airbus is convex, rounded

The new part of the Boeing is built up

Check bow aircraft, Boeing's is more pointed, and Airbus's is rounded.

Look at the cockpit windows. The windows on Airbus planes have a straight bottom line, but on most Boeings this border is shaped like a V. Also, the outermost window on the Airbus looks like the corner has been cut off.

Airbus A330 APU (tail) area - rounded

Boeing B777 APU (tail) area - "sawed off"

Take a look at tail section aircraft, namely on the APU (APU - Auxiliary power point). Both Airbus and Boeing have a circular tail shape, but with one exception - the Boeing has a “sawed-off” shape at the end.

All Airbus wide-body aircraft, except the A380, have a straight upper fuselage shape, right down to the APU. On Boeings, the tail section has a cone-shaped shape, but on Airbuses, the upper line remains straight, and the lower one is strongly rounded upward.

Narrow-body or Wide-body aircraft

Narrow-body aircraft are those that have only one aisle between the seats and are usually smaller and shorter in size.

Airbus: A318, A319, A320 and A321
Boeing: B737 and B757

Wide-body aircraft are those that have two aisles between the seats; they are usually larger and longer in size.

Airbus: A300, A310, A330, A340, A380 and A350.
Boeing: B747, B757, B767, B777, B787 Dreamliner and B747-8 Intercontinental

2 motors or 4 motors

Only the A340, A380 and B747 series aircraft have 4 engines, the rest of the aircraft have 2 engines.

Large aircraft A340, A380 and B747:

If the plane has 4 engines and 2 full rows of windows, then it is an Airbus A380

If an airplane has 4 engines and one and a half rows of windows, then it is a Boeing B747

One row of seats, long fuselage and 4 engines - Airbus A340

B777 or A330

The Boeing B777 has 3 pairs of wheels on each landing gear. The B777 has a total of 14 wheels, in a 6 6 2 configuration.

The Boeing B777 does not have winglets.

The Airbus A330 has two pairs of wheels on each landing gear

Wheels: Boeing has 3 pairs of wheels, Airbus has 2 pairs of wheels on each chassis.
Tail unit (APU): Boeing has a sawn-off tail shape, Airbus has a conical tail.
Wings: Boeing has no wingtips; Airbus has wings that curl at the ends.

A320 or B737 series

In terms of capacity, here's how Airbus planes compare to Boeing planes
A318 vs. B737-600
A319 vs. B737-700
A320 vs. B737-800
A321 vs. B737-900

On the left is the B737-700, on the right is the A320. Notice the difference in the shape of the planes.

Compare the A320 above and the B737 below. The 320's fuselage is rounded at the nose and pointed at the tail. The 737's fuselage is pointed at the nose and rounded at the tail.

Can you guess where the A320 is and where the B737 is?

In each case, the Boeing version of the plane is lighter and seats more people. The Airbus plane is located higher from the ground compared to Boeing. The A320 series aircraft have fly-by-wire technology, which means that the computer plays an important role during the flight, unlike the Boeing 737, where the pilot is given a central role. The A320 is longer than the B737, but has a smaller wingspan.

Look at the vertical stabilizer at the tail to differentiate the 737 from the A320. If the angle of the tailfin is very sharp where it attaches to the fuselage, then it is a B737.

If the plane is larger, has engines round shape and a longer fuselage, then this is the A320. If the engines are flattened at the bottom, then it is a B737.

More about Boeing.

Read more about Boeing B737.
The Boeing B737 comes in 9 versions -100, -200, -300, -400, -500, -600, -700, -800, and -900ER. Versions -300, -400 and -500 fall into the classic category, and the last 4 versions are new generation Boeings. The -300s series is the shortest, and the -900ER series is the longest.

B737-100 Classic

B737-200 classic

B737-300 classic

B737-400 classic

B737-500 classic

B737-600 new generation

B737-700 new generation

B737-800 new generation

B737-900 new generation

The Boeing -100s series no longer flies.
If the front of the engine is slightly flattened, then this is a classic series, and if the shape is almost round, then this is a new generation.
If you look at the APU and see two holes, then this is a new generation, if there is one hole, then this is a classic version.
Also, all classic versions have additional small windows above the main ones in the cockpit (eyebrow windows).
If the plane seems long and it is classic, then it is the 400 series, if it is long and it is a new generation, then it is the 800 series. If the plane is very long and has 3 doors on each side, then it is the 900 series.

More about B747
The Boeing B747 is available in 5 versions - 100, -SP, -200, -300, and -400. All versions are 70.6 meters long, except the B747SP, which is 15 meters shorter. There are several variations, but we will only consider the Big Five.

The Boeing B747-100 and -200 have 10 windows on each side on the upper deck, some early versions of the -100 series which are no longer in production had 3 windows on each side of the upper deck.

The B747-200 has 10 windows on each side of the upper deck.

The B747-300 has a longer upper deck compared to the -200 and -100 series. The -300 series also has a door on the upper deck.

Only the Boeing B747-400 version has curved wings at the end.

The B747-SP version has a shorter fuselage, but this is compensated by a longer nose.

More about Boeing B757s
The B757s is produced in two series -200 and -300.

The -200 series comes with 3 doors on each side and small emergency exit windows.

Series - 300 has 4 doors and 2 emergency exit windows on each side.

More about Boeing B767s

The Boeing B767 is produced in three series - 200, -300 and -400 with corresponding versions for long-range flights. The -200 series is the shortest, the -400 series is the longest, respectively.

B767-200

B767-300

B767-400

What is the key difference between the Boeing B757 and B767?

The Boeing 767's wingspan is 48 meters, which is 10 meters longer than the 757. The position of the nose wheel relative to the cabin is more forward on the 767 than on the 757.
Also, the main wheel system is located much closer to the rear of the aircraft on the 767.

More about Boeing B777s

The easiest way to identify a Boeing B777 is to look at its tail section, looking for a razor-shaped tail cone. Also pay attention to the main landing gear, if you see 6 wheels on each landing gear, then it is a 777. There are 4 passenger versions of the Boeing 777: B777-200, B777-200 ER (Extended Range), B777-200LR (Longer Range), B777- 300 and B777-300ER (Extended Range). These versions differ in fuselage length and flight range. The -300s series is longer than the -200s by 10 meters.

Fuselage length:
B777-200 – 63.7m
B777-200ER – 63.7m
B777-200LR – 63.7m – commercial aircraft with the longest flight range. Boeing named the plane the Worldliner, noting that it could connect virtually any two airports in the world.

B777-300 – 73.9m
B777-300ER – 73.9m

More about Airbus aircraft

Airbus A300s

A300 B2

A300 B4

A300 -600

The basic fuselage design of the A330 is borrowed from the A300. How can you tell two planes apart if they are parked next to each other? The A330 has upturned wingtips and is longer than the A300. The Airbus A330 may or may not have wingtips. Also, the A330 has a larger wingspan.

A310

The Airbus A310 is a smaller version of the A300 aircraft. It is produced in two different versions -200 and -300. It has a shorter fuselage and a smaller tail compared to the A300. Also, the A310 only has two doors on each side, unlike the A300 which has 3 doors on each side.

More about Airbus A320s

The A320 series of aircraft includes the A318-100, A319-100, A320-200 and A321-200.
If we compare the length of the fuselage, then the A318 is the shortest, and the A321 is the longest.

A318-100 – 31.44m

A319-100 – 33.84m

A320-200 – 37.57m

A321-200 – 44.51m

The A320 typically has two emergency exit windows on the wings of the aircraft, while the A318 and A319 only have one emergency exit window. The A321 aircraft has 4 doors on each side.

Read more about Airbus aircraft A330s series

The Airbus A330 comes in two passenger versions, A330-200 and A330-300. The -300 series is longer than the -200. The -300 version aircraft can carry more passengers, but its flight range is shorter.

Fuselage length
A330-200 – 58.8m

A330-300 – 63.6m

More information about Airbus A340s series aircraft

If the plane has 4 engines and a single deck cabin, then you can bet it's an A340. The Airbus A340 aircraft is produced in 4 versions A340-200, A340-300, A340-500 and A340-600.

The length of the fuselage can help differentiate the versions from each other. The A340-600 is the second largest aircraft in the world, after the Boeing B747-8 Intercontinental (currently under development). Both the -500 and -600 series come in High Gross Weight versions with increased range, fuel capacity and weight.

Fuselage length
A340-200 – 59.39m

A340-300 – 63.60m

A340-500 – 67.90m

A340-600 – 75.30m

Boeing 737 is the common name for a family of more than ten types aircraft. The Boeing 737 is the world's most widely produced and best-selling jet. by passenger plane in the entire history of aircraft manufacturing, this is the most popular narrow-body passenger jet aircraft in the world, it has been produced since 1967 and over its history, Boeing 737 family aircraft have carried more than 12,000,000,000 (12 billion) passengers. The aircraft operates short- and medium-haul flights. At any given time, there are on average about 1,250 737 series aircraft in the air, and every 4.6 seconds one Boeing 737 takes off or lands somewhere in the world. All aircraft of the Boeing 737 family are divided into 3 groups: 737 Original, 737 Classic, 737 Next Generation (NG) Boeing 737 Original: 737 100-200 (produced from 1967 to 1988) Boeing 737 Classic: 737 300-500 (produced from 1983 to 2000) Boeing 737 NG: 737 600-700, -700ER, 800 -900, -900ER, BBJ, BBJ2 (produced since 1997)

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 737

Type	737-100	737-200	737-300	737-400	737-500	737-600		737-700	737-800	737-900	737-900
Length, m	28,65	30,50	33,25		36,40	31,01	31,20		33,60	39,50	42,10	42,10
Wingspan, m	28,35		28,88				34,30
Fuselage width, m	3,76
Cabin width, m	3,53
Number of places	85-99	96-133	123-149	146-168		103-122		110-132	128-149	162-189	177-189	180-215
Maximum take-off weight, kg	49 940	58 100	61 250	62 820		52 400		65 150	69 400	79 010	79 200	83 627
Cruising speed, km/h	917		907					852
Minimum speed, km/h	350		350					330
Flight range, km	3 440	4 200	4 400	5 000		5 200		5 648	6 230	5 665	5 800	5 925
First delivery	02.1968	04.1968	11.1984	09.1988		02.1990		08.1998	10.1997	04.1998	05.2001	04.2007

Interesting facts about the Boeing 737

The first Boeing 737 aircraft were nicknamed "Baby Boeing" by pilots, as they looked like a small Boeing 707
On Classic (300-500) and NG (600-900) series aircraft, the engine air intakes are non-circular. This technical solution was nicknamed “hamsterisation” due to its resemblance to the cheeks of a hamster.
The number of Boeing 737 parts exceeds 3 million pieces
To paint the fuselage of a Boeing 737, you need about 200 liters of paint. When the paint dries, it weighs about 113 kilograms
Estimated cost of Boeing 737: from 51.5 million to 87 million $ depending on the series and configuration

Boeing 737 interior

Number of passenger seats depending on aircraft type and cabin class

Boeing 737 cabin layout. Layout: Business class + Economy class

Boeing 737 cabin layout. Layout: Economy class

The arrows indicate the emergency exits of a Boeing 737

Boeing 747(Jumbo Jet, “Jumbo Jet”) is the first long-range wide-body passenger aircraft in the world and the most recognizable civil aircraft in the world. The Boeing 747 made its first flight in 1969. From its inception until 2005 (the introduction of the A380), the Boeing 747 was the most spacious, largest and heaviest passenger aircraft in the world. Also, the Boeing 747 was the world's fastest subsonic jet airliner, its cruising speed is 0.855 Mach (Mach number. The speed is 0.855 of the speed of sound at a given altitude). Together with the Boeing 777, the Boeing 747 is a key element of Boeing's strategy in the long-haul airline market.

The Boeing 747 fuselage has a double-deck layout, with the upper deck being shorter than the lower one. There are several modifications of the Boeing 747, most of which are capable of long-range flights. The record holder for the longest range among the 747 is the Boeing of the Australian airline Qantas Airways, which made a non-stop flight from London to Sydney in 1989, covering 18,000 km in 20 hours 9 minutes, without passengers or cargo on board.

The aerodynamic design of the Boeing 747 is a four-engine low-wing aircraft with a swept wing and single-tail tail.

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 747

Type	747-100	747-400ER	747-8
Length, m	70,7	70,7	76,4
Wingspan, m	59,6	64,4	68,5
Height, m	19,3	19,4	19,4
Empty aircraft weight, t	162,4	180,8	276,7
Maximum take-off weight, t	340,2	412,8	435,4
Cruising speed, M	0.84 M	0.855 M	0.855 M
Maximum speed, M	0.89 M	1150 km/h	1150 km/h
Range with maximum load, km	9800	14 205	14 815
Fuel capacity, l	183 380	241 140	227 600
Fuel consumption with maximum load, l/km	20,3	17,0	15,4
Passenger capacity	452 (2 classes) 366 (3 classes)	524 (2 classes) 416 (3 classes)	467 (3 classes)
Crew, man

Boeing 747 modifications

Boeing 747-100 (produced from 1968 to 1986)
Boeing 747-200 (produced since 1971)
Boeing 747-300 (produced since 1980)
Boeing 747-400 (produced from 1989 to this day) is the most popular model of the entire series. The Boeing 747-400 is 25% more economical and two times quieter than the Boeing 747-100, and this aircraft also has an increased degree of comfort.
747-8 Intercontinental (passenger) and Freighter (transport) Boeing version 747-400). The first test flight of this modification took place on February 8, 2010.

(average: 5,00 out of 5)

It is the world's largest twin-engine jet passenger aircraft. The Boeing 777 set an absolute range record for passenger aircraft - 21,601 thousand km! Boeing 777 (“Triple Seven” or “three sevens”) - this aircraft was developed in the early 1990s, made its first flight in 1994, and has been in operation since 1995. The Boeing 777 was the first commercial airliner to be designed 100% by computers. And this is the safest long-haul airliner in the history of aviation!

I flew on three sevens only once - from Dubai to Male with Emirates airlines and then I was surprised to learn that they saved a lot on the layout of the economy class cabin; we will put one additional seat in a row, reducing the width of the others! In this report I will tell you about the history of creation, design features and I will show the passenger cabin of the largest operator of this type of aircraft in Russia.

History of creation

In the mid-1970s. The three-engine 777, which was intended as a competitor to the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and Lockheed L-1011. This aircraft was conceived as a modified version of the 767 with a redesigned wing and tail section. It was planned to create two main options: a short-haul aircraft, which would be capable of carrying up to 175 passengers over a distance of 5,000 kilometers, and an intercontinental airliner, carrying the same number of passengers over a distance of up to 8,000 kilometers.

Work on twin-engine aircraft soon began, but the 777 project was frozen, as difficulties arose with the design of the tail section of the aircraft, and the company also decided to focus on the more commercially promising 757 and 767. As a result, when both aircraft began to roll off the assembly line, it became Clearly there is a missing link in Boeing's aircraft line. There was an urgent need to have an aircraft that would be in the niche between such machines as the Boeing 767-300ER and Boeing 747-400.

1. At first, Boeing planned to simply modify the 767, which resulted in the concept of the so-called 767-X. It was in many ways similar to the 767, but had a longer fuselage, a larger wing and could carry about 340 passengers over a distance of up to 13.5 thousand kilometers.

2. But the airlines were not impressed with the new plane. They wanted an aircraft capable of flying shorter distances and with a cabin configuration similar to the Boeing 747, which, in addition, could be changed by adding or removing the required number of passenger seats in a particular class of cabin. Another necessary condition was to reduce operating costs - they would have to be significantly lower than those of the 767. As a result, the original project was heavily redesigned and the twin-engine Boeing 777 was born.

The Boeing 777 became the first commercial airliner to 100% computer developed. During the entire development period, not a single paper drawing was released; everything was made using a three-dimensional design system.

Development of the aircraft began in 1990 and the first order was immediately received from United Airlines. In 1995, the first 777 began commercial flights. Currently, the 777-200LR is the aircraft capable of performing the longest passenger flights in the world.

Modifications

3. 777-200 was the first modification of the aircraft and was intended for Segment A. The first 777-200 was delivered to United Airlines on May 15, 1995. At a range of 5235 nautical miles The 777-200 modification was aimed primarily at US domestic carriers. A total of 88 different aircraft of the 777-200 modification were delivered to ten customers. Competing model Airbus is A330-300.

4. 777-300. The stretched version of the 777-300 was intended to replace the Boeing 747-100 and Boeing 747-200 aircraft. Compared to older versions of the 747, the stretched version has similar passenger capacity and range, but uses a third less fuel and has 40% lower operating costs. The fuselage of the 777-300 is extended by 11 meters compared to the basic modification of the 777-200, which allows it to accommodate up to 550 passengers in a single-class configuration. The modification's maximum range is 6,015 nautical miles, allowing the 777-300 to serve heavily trafficked destinations previously served by the 747.

5. 777-200LR(LR stands for Longer Range), a Segment C model, in 2006 it became the world's longest-range commercial airliner. Boeing called this model the Worldliner, indicating the airliner's ability to connect almost any two airports. The modification set a world record for the longest non-stop flight among commercial airliners - the flight range is 9,380 nautical miles (17,370 km). The 777-200LR modification is designed for ultra-long flights, such as Los Angeles - Singapore or Dallas - Tokyo. The 777-200LR has an increased maximum takeoff weight and three additional fuel tanks in the rear cargo compartment.

777-300ER(“ER” stands for Extended Range) is a modification of the 777-300. The modification has beveled and extended wingtips, new main landing gear, a reinforced nose strut and additional fuel tanks. The model's standard GE90-115B turbofan engines are the most powerful jet engines in the world today, with a maximum thrust of 513 kN. The maximum range is 7,930 nautical miles (14,690 km), made possible by increased maximum take-off weight and fuel capacity. The 777-300ER's fully loaded range is increased by approximately 34% compared to the 777-300. After flight tests, the introduction of new engines, wings and an increase in take-off weight, fuel consumption decreased by 1.4%.

6. And all modifications in the visual series:

7. A good illustration for comparing scales is the 737 in front. Please note that the diameter of the GE-115B engine installed on the 777 is only 30 cm less than the width Boeing cabin 737!

Design elements

8. The design of the aircraft airframe includes the use of composite materials, which make up 9% of the weight of the structure. The interior floor and steering wheels are also made from such materials. main part The fuselage has a circular cross-section and at the rear merges into a blade-like tail cone, in which the auxiliary power unit is located.

12. The airliner also has the largest landing gear and the largest tires ever used on a commercial jet airliner. Each tire on the 777-300ER six-wheel main landing gear can support a load of 27 tons, which is more than the tire load of the 777-300ER. Boeing aircraft 747-400!

15. The aircraft has three backup hydraulic systems, of which only one is needed for landing. An emergency aircraft turbine is located in the wing fairing under the fuselage - a small propeller that extends out of the aircraft in emergency situations to provide minimal power.

The General Electric GE90 engines powering the Boeing 777 are the largest and most powerful jet engines in aviation history. And all five Boeing 777-300 of Transaero are equipped with RR211 Trent 892 engines from Rolls Royse:

Cockpit

17. The cockpit is very spacious. The Boeing 777 in all modifications is a long-haul airliner capable of serving non-stop commercial flights lasting up to 18 hours. However, regulations of various aviation regulatory bodies, professional and trade union organizations limit the continuous work time of crew and flight attendants.

Interior

The 777's interior, also known as the Boeing Signature Interior, features curved lines, extended overhead bins and indirect lighting. Seat configurations range from 4 abreast in first class to 10 abreast in economy class. The window size - 380x250 mm - was the largest of any commercial airliner until the introduction of the 787.

Passenger cabin Each airline has its own layout. It depends on certain customer requirements, and not on the type of aircraft!

Please note that in economy class Transaero has one seat less in a row than, for example, Emirates (!) and Aeroflot.

20. Examples of the layout of Boeing 777 -200 and -300 a/k Transaero. Economy 2-5-2:

21. Economy 3-3-3:

22. Aeroflot - economy: 3-4-3:

23. Let's take a look on board the Boeing 777-300 of Transaero Airlines. This EI-UNM aircraft was previously flown by Singapore Airlines. The interior has been completely updated, with a Lumexis entertainment system installed throughout. The upholstery uses wear-resistant Alcantara material, and the seat manufacturer is the Italian company Aviointeriors.

Imperial class:

27. Business class:

28. Economy class. The economy class cabin in red colors is called “economy class”, and the blue one is called “tourist class”. They differ in the pitch of the seats. In economy class - 36 inches, in tourist class - 32 inches.

31. Visually, the color division in the interior is pleasing to the eye:

32. Kitchen at the rear of the plane:

33. And even an installation for uncorking champagne bottles for the Imperial class:

34. In total, about 1,100 aircraft have been produced at the moment! I once photographed the 1000th copy in Dubai:

35. Safety. This airliner is considered the safest aircraft among all long-haul airliners. During its 18 years of operation, the Boeing 777 suffered eight incidents, including one crash and two hijacking attempts. On July 6, 2013, the first plane crash with human casualties occurred. An Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, flying from Seoul to San Francisco, crashed while landing at San Francisco Airport, hitting the end of the runway with its tail. 2 people died.

The most famous American company - a manufacturer of aircraft, and now also of space technology - Boeing (Chicago). Largest exporter and an employer in the United States. Profit for last year amounted to more than 93 billion US dollars. Boeing imports more than a third of titanium for its production from Russia. Boeing's factories operate in 1/3 of the world's countries, and it supplies its products to 145 countries, that is, ¾. Thousands of airliners are sold every year.

Interesting fact: in 2009, Air France purchased the 777th Boeing 777 model from Boeing.

Three years before the end of the 20th century, Boeing absorbed its longtime competitor Douglas Aircraft Company, and now its main global competitor is Airbus. Currently sold on the market latest developments these companies - Boeing 787 (2011) and A350 (2013).

Company history

It all began during the First World War, when in 1916 William Edward Boeing founded the company, which a year later became known as the Boeing Airplane Company. A large aircraft workshop or a small factory - that’s what this company was like back then. The planes were assembled by hand. A piece of canvas and wood with a motor, Boeing's first child, the B&W seaplane, was not bad at all. But the company became first-class only by releasing its reliable and safe ten-seat 247 model of passenger aircraft in 1933.

Interesting fact: it was on this model, which proved to be safe in operation, that the world’s first aviation terrorist attack was carried out: 1933, Chicago-Cleveland flight, seven died, including three crew members.

The Boeing 314 was developed in 1938 for transatlantic flights. This seaplane could already carry 90 passengers. During World War II, the company produced the B-17 Flying Fortress and B29 Super Fortress heavy bombers, the first US strategic bombers, which made its name famous. Since then, the US military department has become a regular customer of Boeing.

Having taken off in 1954, the Boeing 707 became the first mass-produced airliner for almost a quarter of a century (some of its copies are still flying). And the most popular was the Boeing 737 jet. In total, about eight thousand devices were produced, and currently an airliner of this model lands or takes off every five seconds.

The Boeing 747 was criticized in every way possible at the stage of design and test flights. It is large, uneconomical, and there are no appropriate premises for its assembly. Yes, the Boeing company almost went bankrupt on the construction of a special plant, but the profit they provided more than covered all the funds spent, and the plane itself became popular and in demand. The flight range of a Boeing 777 at one refueling exceeds twenty thousand kilometers! When designing it in the early nineties of the last century, paper drawings were no longer used, and all work was done on a PC.

Strategic Project Yellowstone

The Yellowstone program is an ambitious project to replace the entire line of civilian airliners with high-tech and economical models. The main directions of the Yellowstone project in the field of technology:

Widespread use of composite materials, including carbon fiber.
Replacing hydraulic systems with electric ones.
Use of the most economical turbo engines.

This project has three directions:

Replacing the Boeing 737 model with a model with a relatively small (100-200 people) number of passengers. In 2011, it was announced that this project would be implemented in 2020. However, a competing project, the 737 MAX, appeared, and nothing is clear yet.
Replacement of the Boeing 767 model. The project is completed. The real dream of aircraft manufacturers - the Boeing 787 Dreamliner - was put into operation.
Replacing the Boeing 777 and 777-300 models with an airliner designed to big number passengers - six hundred plus. The project is in progress.

"Dreamliner"

At the end of the last century, sales of the Boeing 767 began to fall, and the company decided to create an aircraft whose speed would be almost close to the sound barrier. Thus was born the futuristic Boeing Sonic Cruiser project. The emphasis was on composite materials. Half the weight of the liner is aluminum and titanium. But the oil crisis at the beginning of the first decade of the 21st century cast doubt on the economic feasibility of the project, and just before Christmas 2002 it was closed.

Immediately in January 2003, development of the Boeing 787 model began. Developments made in the Boeing Sonic Cruiser project were used. The code name of the 7E7 project was changed to Boeing 787 in 2005, and subsequently a survey put a firm end to the name issue. More than half a million respondents called this model the “Dream Liner.” A new generation long-range, jet, wide-body aircraft, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner began its commercial operation in 2011. The first copy was sold to All Nippon Airways, which ordered fifty aircraft back in 2004. By the way, Boeing, due to the constant shift in delivery deadlines for hundreds of aircraft to customers, had big financial problems brewing, which they nevertheless managed to resolve.

Interesting fact: tickets for the first flight of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner from Tokyo to Hong Kong were sold at an online auction and were immediately sold out, and the cost of one seat more than once “overcame” the mark of thirty thousand US dollars. Surveys among passengers revealed that at least 9/10 had a desire to repeat the flight.

Peculiarities

The Boeing 787 is truly economical (and this despite the fact that initially there were serious problems with increasing the weight of the aircraft), since it uses 1/5 less fuel, is more efficient, including due to the flat bottom, almost The luggage compartment is increased by half and is innovative in comparison with the Boeing 767 it replaced. At altitude and flight safety. As tests have shown, it is not afraid of even lightning strikes to the body. What's it worth? new complex avionics that allows you to see through clouds. Instead of traditionally concentrating the entire production cycle at its main plant, Boeing entrusted reliable subcontractors to produce those components and parts that they make better and cheaper. The international division of labor system in action:

Japan makes composite and wings.
Italy - fuselage, stabilizer, fin.
France - electrical wiring and doors (passenger).
India - beams and software.
Sweden - doors (cargo) and hatches.
South Korea- wing elements, spars and landing gear.
England - the chassis itself.

Cost of the plane and flights on it

When talking about the cost of something, or rather, the selling price, we must keep in mind many factors that influence this figure “here and now.” The ability to bargain, the surrounding circumstances, including additional terms of the contract, the period and place of its conclusion, the choice of an economical or exclusive option, discounts, and so on and so forth. Therefore, we have to talk about approximate figures. Thus, the company’s catalog prices for Boeing 787 models 800, 900 and 1000 range from 225 to 306 million US dollars, and a ticket for one person for a flight from Russia to the USA and back is around five hundred dollars. As of early 2018, more than 1,300 aircraft of the above models have been ordered, half of which have already been shipped to customers. What does a Boeing 787 look like? Photos of this aircraft can be seen in our article.

Model 787-8

She didn't appear right away. Initially, it was planned to make the Boeing 787-3 a basic modification, and it was intended for operation on Japanese airlines for flights over short distances, up to six thousand kilometers. However, due to the increase in orders for the 800 model, the 787 project was closed. The base model was the Boeing 787-8 (a photo of this aircraft is in our article). And larger models have already been developed on its basis. These are Boeing 787-9 and 787-10.

On all aircraft the crew consists of two people (commander and co-pilot.)

Here are the characteristics of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner:

Length - 56.7 m.
Height - 17.0 m.
Wing span - 60.2 m.
The weight of the aircraft without load is 118 tons.
The maximum weight allowed during takeoff is 228 tons.
Maximum landing weight is 172 tons.
The capacity of the fuel tanks is 126 tons.
Maximum flight distance: 13.6 thousand km.
The number of seats (total) in three classes is 210 or 250.
Cabin width - 5.49 m.
Cargo capacity - 138.2 cubic meters.

Below is a photo of the Boeing 787 interior.

As you can see, it is quite roomy.

Boeing 787 - the best seats

Naturally, the best (they are also the most expensive) seats are located in the front of the cabin, closer to the cockpit. Business class occupies the first six rows (36 passengers with a 2+2+2 seating arrangement). However, it must be borne in mind that the most comfortable places are in the second and fifth rows, since the first is located next to the door to the cockpit, the third is with the toilets, the fourth is with the approach to the toilets, and the sixth is near the partition separating business class from economy class.

Interior features

The Boeing 787-8 passenger cabin is unique in that:

Wider by almost four tens of centimeters than its competitors Airbus A330 and A340.
Has the largest self-dimming windows (no curtains and electronics work).
Inside the cabin, the pressure is as at an altitude of 1.8 km (usually as at an altitude of 2.4 kilometers).
Equipped with an innovative “smooth flight” system that improves comfort during turbulence.
The new supercharging system takes air directly from the outside space, rather than cooling it passing through the engines. This air is more humid and “alive”.
The seats are more comfortable than those of the “predecessor”, and you can move a wheelchair along the aisle, including to the toilet.
The luggage racks have become more spacious (you can fit four standard-sized suitcases with wheels).
Free WI-FI, broadband Internet (250 kb/s).
LED interior lighting.
Engine noise is significantly reduced by mixing the jet stream with air.
The comfort of passengers in seats not only in business class, but also in economy class has been increased.

What does the inside of a Boeing 787-8 look like? His photo can be seen below.

Model "787-9"

This is a modification of the previous Boeing, which, by increasing the length of the aircraft by more than 10%, allows it to carry significantly more passengers (up to 290 people) and luggage. In addition, the flight range has increased by 0.5 thousand km (15,700 kilometers), and among this family it is the farthest flying one. Passenger transportation began in 2014.

Characteristics

Here are the features of the model:

Length - 62.8 m.
Height - 17.0 m.
Wing span - 60.1 m.
The weight of the aircraft without load is 128.8 tons.
The maximum weight allowed during takeoff is 254 tons.
Maximum landing weight - 192.8 tons.
The capacity of the fuel tanks is 126.4 tons.
Cruising speed - 913 km/h.
Maximum speed - 954 km/h.
Flight altitude (maximum) - 13.1 km.
Maximum flight distance: 15.7 thousand km.
Engines - two Rolls Royce Trent - 1000 or General Electric GEnx-1B turbojet engines.
The number of seats (total), in 3 classes - 280 pieces.
Cabin width - 5.49 m.

What does a Boeing 787 Dreamliner look like? The reader can see a photo of the airliner in this article. The appearance of this technology is truly impressive.

What are the characteristics of the Boeing 787-10:

Length - 63.8 m.
Height - 17.0 m.
Wing span - 60.2 m.
The weight of the aircraft without load is 138 tons.
Maximum weight allowed during takeoff - no data available.
Maximum landing weight - 202 tons.
Fuel tank capacity - no data.
Cruising speed - 903 km/h.
Maximum speed - 956 km/h.
Flight altitude (maximum) - 13.1 km.
Maximum flight distance: 11.9 thousand km.
Engines - two Rolls-Royce Trent - 1000 or General Electric GEnx-1B turbojet engines.
The number of seats (total) in three classes is 330.
Cabin width - 5.49 m.
Cargo capacity - 192.6 cubic meters.

Capacity

Even more elongated (plus 5 meters), comfortable and spacious, the Boeing 787 of this modification can take on board up to 330 passengers and significantly more luggage. Deliveries of this modification began in March of this year. The first Boeing 787-10 airliners flew on the routes Singapore - Osaka (Japan) and Singapore - Perth (Australia). The starting buyer was " Singapore Airlines".

Airplane in FSX

The Boeing 787 is so popular that it is included in Microsoft's global massively multiplayer online game - Flight Simulator X. A flight simulator with dozens of missions to transport passengers and cargo between almost fifty airports. In it you can either pilot a plane alone or with a group of players, or manage airport ground services. The world in it is quite realistic and huge (exceeds half a billion square kilometers).

Conclusion

The ambitious plan adopted by Boeing in 2011 provided for the sale of 3.3 thousand 787 aircraft in twenty years (until 2030). Currently, the company has ordered an average of 136 aircraft of this model per year (Emirates ordered 210 Boeing 787 Dreamline in 2017), which, subject to a constant increase in orders and their implementation, will ensure the implementation of the approved plan.

In general, the number of orders (both completed and not yet) is confidently approaching 6,000 pieces. For the sixth year in a row, the company has outpaced its competitor in the supply of flight equipment to customers. Last year alone, orders were received for 912 aircraft worth a total of $134 billion. The record holders for orders are Boeing 737 and 787.

And the forecasts for the aircraft industry are more than good. Various analysts give approximately the same demand figures (within the natural margin of error) that by 2036 more than forty thousand civil airliners will be sold at a cost of about 6 trillion US dollars. True, in this huge barrel of honey for the company there is still a fly in the ointment. It is predicted that the main demand will be for narrow-body aircraft, and the Boeing 787 Dreamline series is wide-body.

The Boeing 777-200 is the first airliner in the Boeing 777 or Triple Seven (T7) family of wide-body, twin-engine aircraft. The aircraft is designed for medium-long-haul airlines.

At the end of 1989, Boeing Commercial Airplanes began designing a stretched version of the Boeing 767 aircraft with a wingspan increased to 63.73 meters. When designing, the new aircraft received advanced technologies at that time, as well as a new design. In mid-October 1990, the project received the designation Boeing 777, which indicated the emergence of a new family. And the first modification was designated as 777-200.

During the construction of the Boeing 777-200, to lighten the airframe structure, the use of composite materials was widely used, which occupy about 10 percent of the weight of the entire structure.

Boeing 777-200 photo

The new airliner was equipped with powerful turbojet engines with a high bypass ratio, Pratt & Whitney PW4074 with a thrust of 329 kN each. Subsequently, Boeing 777-200 aircraft used General Electric GE90-75Bs engines with a thrust of 334 kN and Rolls-Royce Trent 875s engines with a similar thrust.

The Boeing 777-200 was Boeing's first passenger aircraft to feature a fly-by-wire (FBW) control system. The aircraft used avionics manufactured by Honeywell, which complies with the improved computer data bus standard used in ARINC 629 avionics. Six multifunctional TFT displays are used to display all the necessary flight information and the status of on-board systems. The Boeing 777-200 was equipped with a mid-air collision warning system - TCAS (Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System). Today, according to ICAO standards, TCAS equipment must be installed on all aircraft designed to carry more than 19 passengers.

The first flight of the Boeing 777-200 took place on June 12, 1994. The airliner received FAA and JAA certificates on April 19, 1995. The aircraft's first operator was United Airlines, which received its first Triple Seven on May 15, 1995.

The aircraft cabin in a three-class configuration has 305 passenger seats. With a two-class cabin layout, 400 passengers can be accommodated. With an economical interior layout, the number passenger seats is 440 seats.

On February 6, 1997, a Boeing 777-200ER was delivered to British Airways. This modification has a longer flight range compared to the Boeing 777-200, which is 14,305 kilometers, versus 9,700 kilometers of the base model.

Also, the Boeing 777-200ER has become one of the best-selling twin-engine jets, passenger aircraft in the world. As of 2010, 415 units of this modification were delivered to more than thirty airlines.

The main routes of the Boeing 777-200 today are London - New York, Denver - Honolulu, Tokyo - San Francisco. And the main directions of the Boeing 777-200ER are London - Los Angeles, Tokyo - Sydney, Chicago - Seoul.

The main competitor for the Boeing 777-200 is the European airliner Airbus A330-300.

The best seats on the Boeing 777-200 - Vietnam Airlines

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 777-200 aircraft:

Boeing 777-200 first flight: June 12, 1994
Years of production: since 1994
Length: 63.73 m.
Height: 18.52 m.
Wingspan: 60.93 m.
Empty weight: 135880 kg.
Maximum take-off weight: 262480 kg.
Wing area: 427.80 sq.m.
Cruising speed: 905 km/h.
Maximum speed: 945 km/h.
Ceiling: 13100 m.
Flight range: 9700 km.
Takeoff length: 3000 m.
Run length: 1700 m.
Engines: 2 x turbofans Pratt & Whitney PW4074 (329 kN), PW4077s (345 kN), General Electric GE90-75Bs (334 kN), GE90-76Bs (338 kN), Rolls-Royce Trent 875s (334 kN), Trent 877s (345 kN)
Crew: 2 people
Number of passenger seats: 440 seats in economy class

Boeing 777-200. Gallery.

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