Types of Boeings. How to distinguish between Airbus and Boeing aircraft. Choice among single-class aircraft cabins

Boeing 737 is the common name for a family of more than ten types aircraft. The Boeing 737 is the most widely produced and best-selling jet passenger aircraft in the history of aircraft manufacturing, it is the most popular narrow-body passenger jet aircraft in the world, it has been in production since 1967 and throughout its history, aircraft of the Boeing 737 family have transported more than 12,000,000,000 (12 billion ) passengers. The aircraft operates short- and medium-haul flights. At any given time, there are on average about 1,250 737 series aircraft in the air, and every 4.6 seconds one Boeing 737 takes off or lands somewhere in the world. All aircraft of the Boeing 737 family are divided into 3 groups: 737 Original, 737 Classic, 737 Next Generation (NG) Boeing 737 Original: 737 100-200 (produced from 1967 to 1988) Boeing 737 Classic: 737 300-500 (produced from 1983 to 2000) Boeing 737 NG: 737 600-700, -700ER, 800 -900, -900ER, BBJ, BBJ2 (produced since 1997)

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 737

Type 737-100 737-200 737-300 737-400 737-500 737-600 737-700 737-800 737-900 737-900
Length, m 28,65 30,50 33,25 36,40 31,01 31,20 33,60 39,50 42,10 42,10
Wingspan, m 28,35 28,88 34,30
Fuselage width, m 3,76
Cabin width, m 3,53
Number of places 85-99 96-133 123-149 146-168 103-122 110-132 128-149 162-189 177-189 180-215
Maximum take-off weight, kg 49 940 58 100 61 250 62 820 52 400 65 150 69 400 79 010 79 200 83 627
Cruising speed, km/h 917 907 852
Minimum speed, km/h 350 350 330
Flight range, km 3 440 4 200 4 400 5 000 5 200 5 648 6 230 5 665 5 800 5 925
First delivery 02.1968 04.1968 11.1984 09.1988 02.1990 08.1998 10.1997 04.1998 05.2001 04.2007


Interesting facts about the Boeing 737

  • The first Boeing 737 aircraft were nicknamed "Baby Boeing" by pilots, as they looked like a small Boeing 707
  • On Classic (300-500) and NG (600-900) series aircraft, the engine air intakes are non-circular. This technical solution was nicknamed “hamsterisation” due to its resemblance to the cheeks of a hamster.
  • The number of Boeing 737 parts exceeds 3 million pieces
  • To paint the fuselage of a Boeing 737, you need about 200 liters of paint. When the paint dries, it weighs about 113 kilograms
  • Estimated cost of Boeing 737: from 51.5 million to 87 million $ depending on the series and configuration


Boeing 737 interior

Number of passenger seats depending on aircraft type and cabin class


Boeing 737 cabin layout. Layout: Business class + Economy class




Boeing 737 cabin layout. Layout: Economy class



The arrows indicate the emergency exits of a Boeing 737



Boeing 747(Jumbo Jet, “Jumbo Jet”) is the first long-range wide-body passenger aircraft in the world and the most recognizable civil aircraft in the world. The Boeing 747 made its first flight in 1969. From its inception until 2005 (the introduction of the A380), the Boeing 747 was the most spacious, largest and heaviest passenger aircraft in the world. Also, the Boeing 747 was the world's fastest subsonic jet airliner, its cruising speed is 0.855 Mach (Mach number. The speed is 0.855 of the speed of sound at a given altitude). Together with the Boeing 777, the Boeing 747 is a key element of Boeing's strategy in the long-haul airline market.

The Boeing 747 fuselage has a double-deck layout, with the upper deck being shorter than the lower one. There are several modifications of the Boeing 747, most of which are capable of long-range flights. The record holder for the longest range among the 747 is the Boeing of the Australian airline Qantas Airways, which made a non-stop flight from London to Sydney in 1989, covering 18,000 km in 20 hours 9 minutes, without passengers or cargo on board.

The aerodynamic design of the Boeing 747 is a four-engine low-wing aircraft with a swept wing and single-tail tail.

Technical characteristics of the Boeing 747

Type

747-100

747-400ER

747-8

Length, m

70,7

70,7

76,4

Wingspan, m

59,6

64,4

68,5

Height, m

19,3

19,4

19,4

Empty aircraft weight, t

162,4

180,8

276,7

Maximum take-off weight, t

340,2

412,8

435,4

Cruising speed, M

0.84 M

0.855 M

0.855 M

Maximum speed, M

0.89 M

1150 km/h

1150 km/h

Range with maximum load, km

9800

14 205

14 815

Fuel capacity, l

183 380

241 140

227 600

Fuel consumption with maximum load, l/km

20,3

17,0

15,4

Passenger capacity

452 (2 classes)
366 (3 classes)

524 (2 classes)
416 (3 classes)

467 (3 classes)

Crew, man

Boeing 747 modifications
  • Boeing 747-100 (produced from 1968 to 1986)
  • Boeing 747-200 (produced since 1971)
  • Boeing 747-300 (produced since 1980)
  • Boeing 747-400 (produced from 1989 to this day) is the most popular model of the entire series. The Boeing 747-400 is 25% more economical and two times quieter than the Boeing 747-100, and this aircraft also has an increased degree of comfort.
  • 747-8 Intercontinental (passenger) and Freighter (transport) Boeing version 747-400). The first test flight of this modification took place on February 8, 2010.

Post from the series - I want to know everything. About airplanes.

The flight for a passenger begins with the station building, check-in for the flight, checking in luggage and waiting, which for some is painful, for others it is pleasant. And what is happening in the meantime on the platform with the plane. How do you prepare a plane for takeoff? Any plane is prepared for flight 2-3 hours before departure, and if it is a turnaround flight, then preparation takes even less time. During this time, ground airfield services carry out the necessary regulations, starting from aircraft inspection.

If you are, dear reader, right now in the waiting room waiting to board your flight, look at how the plane is being prepared.

Preparing an aircraft for departure is a large-scale process that has a beginning and an end. It is logically impossible to break it down, since a lot is happening at the same time, but everyone knows their place and business, and everyone has one result - the plane’s departure on schedule and according to plan. Happy reading and viewing.

Before departure 02.30

1. More than two hours before departure, ground services are already starting their work. Protective covers are removed from the components and assemblies of the aircraft. All of them are marked in red with a white inscription “Remove before flight”. Although there are also removers of other colors, we will get to them later.

2. When the plane is parked for a long time, the engines are closed in this way. It's time to "gather the stones"

3. Everything is neatly stacked. Some airlines get creative and put a drawing of a real engine on the cover.

4. Then it all hides inside. I take everything I own with me.

5. Everything is prepared for the work of other ground services, a lot of hatches are opened, etc. This one is specifically for refilling with water.

6. Where do the landing gear live during flight? On the Boeing 737, this niche is through from the left to the right side; when cleaning, one side of the landing gear tires remains uncovered. So you can easily distinguish the type by observing it from below. This is what it looks like inside. Impressive?

Before departure 02.15

7. A little over 15 minutes passed. Before departure 0215. The ramp has arrived, it’s time to open the doors.

8. Wakes up slowly

9. With a light hand effort...

10. We are one of the first to get on board. A typical insta-check-in photo of a passenger, looking at the wing.

11. The technician takes the place of the commander and prepares the plane for the arrival of the crew. Nearby there is a logbook for the plane, where all the information about it is stored.

12. A small educational program.

In front of us are the controls that are located between the commander and co-pilot.

1) Two levers in the center are engine control levers, at the ends there are buttons to deactivate the autopilot, a slightly larger button below is responsible for entering the Take Off/Go Around mode (take off/go around) or otherwise TO/GA.

2) Two levers attached to the throttles - reverse levers, which are activated during landing until the speed decreases to 60-80 knots (112-148 km/h). The landing speed of a Boeing 737 varies depending on the landing weight and is in the region of 130 knots +-10 (240 km/h +-18)

3) Two large disks at the edges - a trimmer, designed to remove the load from the steering wheel. Before takeoff, it is set in the green zone, to the value calculated by the computer. During the flight, the autopilot controls it; when watching video from the cockpit, you can hear a characteristic dull crackling sound - this is how the trimmer rotates. White stripe for visual control of rotation.

4) Lever with the inscription SPD BRK, slightly to the right of the left trimmer disc. Spoiler control lever. Spoilers are aerodynamic elements on the wing of an aircraft for braking in the air. Most often used when entering an approach pattern to reduce speed. In glide path they are always lowered and in the ARMED position, especially for landing. In this position, when touched, the automatic system is activated and the wing “bristles” with spoilers for more effective braking.

5) A scale with numbers slightly to the left of the right trim dial - control of the flaps on the wing of the aircraft. Changes the wing geometry for different phases of flight. During takeoff, the angle is often set to 5 degrees. In the kit and at the flight level the wing is “clean”. The flaps are retracted according to the rules, in compliance with a certain flight speed for each stage of retraction.

6) The button opposite the number 30 with the inscription HORN CUTOUT is a button to turn off the alarm. The fact is that when the flaps are extended from 10 to 15 degrees and the landing gear is not extended, an alarm is triggered. Sometimes it is necessary to fly in this configuration, which is why such a button exists.

7) The lever next to the red light is the handbrake, used when the aircraft is parked.

8) Two small levers under the throttles are fuel supply control levers for the left and right engines, respectively. Now in the closed (CUTOFF) position.

14. The reserve artificial horizon is brought to life.

15. Great view.

16. Top control panel, Overhead. Here the control of navigation, navigation lights, air conditioning, power supply, hydraulic pumps, pressure in the aircraft, and much more is concentrated, starting engines and APU (auxiliary power plant) is also carried out from the overhead head.

17. Co-pilot's perspective

18. Separation table, correspondence between feet and meters. Most countries switched to separation in feet, including Russia in 2013. But, for example, in China they still use meter trains.

19. The APU is started, the right rear is turned on for it fuel pump, since it is located at the lowest level in the tank, and is guaranteed to be provided with fuel with a small balance. Power supply is now on board. Nearby is a circular scale showing the temperature of the APU exhaust gases.

20. Preparing for a flight is not only technical work, but a lot of documents. The huge work of the pilots in the briefing room remained behind the scenes. One aircraft departure as a point of intersection of several lines, crew, technicians, many ground services, and passengers :)

Before departure 01.30

21. Time 0130 before departure. Time to fuel the plane. The technician shows how much kerosene they are going to fill :))

22. An obligatory part of refueling is grounding.

23. One-two-three-four and the refueling panel is open.

24. Refueling control panel in the aircraft wing. Three tanks: two in the wing and one in the center.

25. There is contact!

26. The -more- button creates pressure to supply TC-1 fuel to the aircraft wing.

27. An area where it is clearly forbidden to stand when starting and operating the engine. Safety in aviation is not an empty word.

28. The PIC has arrived and personally inspects the aircraft.

29. I treat these people with respect. Portrait.

30. Everything is inspected.

Before departure 01.20

31. Before departure 0120. After food for the plane, food for passengers arrives. The flight is from Krasnoyarsk to Moscow, so a full meal is planned. In addition, NordStar airline, during Lent, provided its passengers with Lenten meals.

32. Returning to the conversation about removers of a different color. It was their turn. In fact, they are the same red color, they are just covered in oil. These are 3 pins (stoppers) that are inserted into the landing gear when the aircraft is parked for more than 3 hours. Prevents the landing gear from “folding” from the locks.

33. The food in the carts is cold. The guys from the catering company are actively helping the girls :)

34. This is the answer to why you enter the plane through the left door; it is clear that through the right it would be much more inconvenient. The carts are already in place, there's a line for hot food.

35. The guys took everything into their own hands:). And rightly so, flight attendants still have to work hard in the air.

Before departure 01.10

36. Before departure 0110. The commander takes his place and listens to ATIS (weather conditions).

37. This car brought water. You need to understand that everything is happening at the same time, and the closer to departure, the more people are running around the plane. SAB (service aviation security) is constantly on alert at this time. And if the flight is international, then border guards will also be present.

38. The kitchen in the forward salon is full. The queue for the second salon.

39. Press the button….

40. You will get results :)

41. Let's take a look at the kitchen. Ovens for heating hot food are located exactly in the center. Below there is space for cold carts. The hot stuff itself is located in other containers in compartments 403, 405, 406 and below in the same square ones. On the left are process water and drinking hot water. Along the edges of the aisle, the backs of the reclining seats of the flight attendants are visible.

42. Two generations in the frame. Third generation in the cabin :)

43. Meet Boeing 737NG, Seattle ^_^

Before departure 01.00

44. Before departure 0100. The crew is in place.

45. Baggage time. The Boeing 737 has two cargo bays.

46. ​​A more comfortable stairway with a wider platform in front of the entrance was brought in for passengers. The guys gisman and kirill_kvs successfully took advantage of this. The site allows you to take a very beautiful photo.

47. Prepare for meeting passengers in advance

48. We leave the plane, the board is preparing to accept passengers.

Before departure 00.40

49. Before departure 0040. Passengers stream into the plane, but under the control of services.

Before departure 00.10

51. Ten minutes before departure. Before-taxi Check sheets are read, taxiing. Begin to read Before take off.

52. The younger brothers remain on the platform and wait for their time. Soon life will begin to boil around them.

53. Our time counter has reached 0000. Departure.

54. Thank you dear reader for hanging in there until the end. If you are in the waiting room, they will probably announce boarding soon. The airplane cabin is waiting for you, passenger. Worked for this great amount of people!

(average: 5,00 out of 5)


It is the world's largest twin-engine jet passenger aircraft. The Boeing 777 set an absolute range record for passenger aircraft - 21,601 thousand km! Boeing 777 (“Triple Seven” or “three sevens”) - this aircraft was developed in the early 1990s, made its first flight in 1994, and has been in operation since 1995. The Boeing 777 was the first commercial airliner to be designed 100% by computers. And this is the safest long-haul airliner in the history of aviation!

I flew on three sevens only once - from Dubai to Male with Emirates airlines and then I was surprised to learn that they saved a lot on the layout of the economy class cabin; we will put one additional seat in a row, reducing the width of the others! In this report I will tell you about the history of creation, design features and I will show the passenger cabin of the largest operator of this type of aircraft in Russia.

History of creation

In the mid-1970s. The three-engine 777, which was intended as a competitor to McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and Lockheed L-1011. This aircraft was conceived as a modified version of the 767 with a redesigned wing and tail part. It was planned to create two main options: a short-haul aircraft, which would be capable of carrying up to 175 passengers over a distance of 5,000 kilometers, and an intercontinental airliner, carrying the same number of passengers over a distance of up to 8,000 kilometers.

Work on twin-engine aircraft soon began, but the 777 project was frozen, as difficulties arose with the design of the tail section of the aircraft, and the company also decided to focus on the more commercially promising 757 and 767. As a result, when both aircraft began to roll off the assembly line, it became Clearly there is a missing link in Boeing's aircraft line. There was an urgent need to have an aircraft that would be in the niche between such machines as the Boeing 767-300ER and Boeing 747-400.

1. At first, Boeing planned to simply modify the 767, which resulted in the concept of the so-called 767-X. It was in many ways similar to the 767, but had a longer fuselage, a larger wing and could carry about 340 passengers over a distance of up to 13.5 thousand kilometers.



2. But the airlines were not impressed with the new plane. They wanted an aircraft capable of flying shorter distances and with a cabin configuration similar to the Boeing 747, which, in addition, could be changed by adding or removing the required number of passenger seats in a particular class of cabin. Another necessary condition was to reduce operating costs - they would have to be significantly lower than those of the 767. As a result, the original project was heavily redesigned and the twin-engine Boeing 777 was born.

The Boeing 777 became the first commercial airliner to 100% computer developed. During the entire development period, not a single paper drawing was released; everything was made using a three-dimensional design system.

Development of the aircraft began in 1990 and the first order was immediately received from United Airlines. In 1995, the first 777 began commercial flights. Currently, the 777-200LR is the aircraft capable of performing the longest passenger flights in the world.

Modifications

3. 777-200 was the first modification of the aircraft and was intended for Segment A. The first 777-200 was delivered to United Airlines on May 15, 1995. With a range of 5,235 nautical miles, the 777-200 modification was aimed primarily at US domestic carriers. A total of 88 different aircraft of the 777-200 modification were delivered to ten customers. Airbus's competing model is the A330-300.

4. 777-300. The stretched version of the 777-300 was intended to replace the Boeing 747-100 and Boeing 747-200 aircraft. Compared to older versions of the 747, the stretched version has similar passenger capacity and range, but uses a third less fuel and has 40% lower operating costs. The fuselage of the 777-300 is extended by 11 meters compared to the basic modification of the 777-200, which allows it to accommodate up to 550 passengers in a single-class configuration. The modification's maximum range is 6,015 nautical miles, allowing the 777-300 to serve heavily trafficked destinations previously served by the 747.

5. 777-200LR(LR stands for Longer Range), a Segment C model, in 2006 it became the world's longest-range commercial airliner. Boeing called this model the Worldliner, indicating the airliner's ability to connect almost any two airports. The modification set a world record for the longest non-stop flight among commercial airliners - the flight range is 9,380 nautical miles (17,370 km). The 777-200LR modification is designed for ultra-long flights, such as Los Angeles - Singapore or Dallas - Tokyo. The 777-200LR has an increased maximum takeoff weight and three additional fuel tanks in the rear cargo compartment.

777-300ER(“ER” stands for Extended Range) is a modification of the 777-300. The modification has beveled and extended wingtips, new main landing gear, a reinforced nose strut and additional fuel tanks. The model's standard GE90-115B turbofan engines are the most powerful jet engines in the world today, with a maximum thrust of 513 kN. The maximum range is 7,930 nautical miles (14,690 km), made possible by increased maximum take-off weight and fuel capacity. The 777-300ER's fully loaded range is increased by approximately 34% compared to the 777-300. After flight tests, the introduction of new engines, wings and an increase in take-off weight, fuel consumption decreased by 1.4%.

6. And all modifications in the visual series:

7. A good illustration for comparing scales is the 737 in front. Please note that the diameter of the GE-115B engine installed on the 777 model is only 30 cm less than the width of the Boeing 737 cabin!

Design elements

8. The design of the aircraft airframe includes the use of composite materials, which make up 9% of the weight of the structure. The interior floor and steering wheels are also made from such materials. main part The fuselage has a circular cross-section and at the rear merges into a blade-like tail cone, in which the auxiliary power unit is located.

12. The airliner also has the largest landing gear and the largest tires ever used on a commercial jet airliner. Each tire on the 777-300ER six-wheel main landing gear can support a load of 27 tons, which is more than the tire load of the 777-300ER. Boeing aircraft 747-400!

15. The aircraft has three backup hydraulic systems, of which only one is needed for landing. An emergency aircraft turbine is located in the wing fairing under the fuselage - a small propeller that extends out of the aircraft in emergency situations to provide minimal power.

The General Electric GE90 engines powering the Boeing 777 are the largest and most powerful jet engines in aviation history. And all five Boeing 777-300 of Transaero are equipped with RR211 Trent 892 engines from Rolls Royse:

Cockpit

17. The cockpit is very spacious. The Boeing 777 in all modifications is a long-haul airliner capable of serving non-stop commercial flights lasting up to 18 hours. However, regulations of various aviation regulatory bodies, professional and trade union organizations limit the continuous work time of crew and flight attendants.

Interior

The 777 interior, also known as the Boeing Signature Interior, features curved lines, extended overhead bins and indirect lighting. Seat configurations range from 4 abreast in first class to 10 abreast in economy class. The window size - 380x250 mm - was the largest of any commercial airliner until the introduction of the 787.

Passenger cabin Each airline has its own layout. It depends on certain customer requirements, and not on the type of aircraft!

Please note that in economy class Transaero has one seat less in a row than, for example, Emirates (!) and Aeroflot.

20. Examples of the layout of Boeing 777 -200 and -300 a/k Transaero. Economy 2-5-2:

21. Economy 3-3-3:

22. Aeroflot - economy: 3-4-3:

23. Let's take a look on board the Boeing 777-300 of Transaero Airlines. This EI-UNM aircraft was previously flown by Singapore Airlines. The interior has been completely updated, with a Lumexis entertainment system installed throughout. The upholstery uses wear-resistant Alcantara material, and the seat manufacturer is the Italian company Aviointeriors.

Imperial class:

27. Business class:

28. Economy class. The economy class cabin in red colors is called “economy class”, and the blue one is called “tourist class”. They differ in the pitch of the seats. In economy class - 36 inches, in tourist class - 32 inches.

31. Visually, the color division in the interior is pleasing to the eye:

32. Kitchen at the rear of the plane:

33. And even an installation for uncorking champagne bottles for the Imperial class:

34. In total, about 1,100 aircraft were produced in this moment! I once photographed the 1000th copy in Dubai:

35. Safety. This airliner is considered the safest aircraft among all long-haul airliners. During its 18 years of operation, the Boeing 777 suffered eight incidents, including one crash and two hijacking attempts. On July 6, 2013, the first plane crash with human casualties occurred. An Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, flying from Seoul to San Francisco, crashed while landing at San Francisco Airport, hitting the end of the runway with its tail. 2 people died.

The most famous American company - a manufacturer of aircraft, and now also of space technology - Boeing (Chicago). Largest exporter and an employer in the United States. Profit for last year amounted to more than 93 billion US dollars. Boeing imports more than a third of titanium for its production from Russia. Boeing's factories operate in 1/3 of the world's countries, and it supplies its products to 145 countries, that is, ¾. Thousands of airliners are sold every year.

Interesting fact: in 2009, Air France purchased the 777th Boeing 777 model from Boeing.

Three years before the end of the 20th century, Boeing absorbed its longtime competitor Douglas Aircraft Company, and now its main global competitor is Airbus. Currently sold on the market latest developments these companies - Boeing 787 (2011) and A350 (2013).

Company history

It all began during the First World War, when in 1916 William Edward Boeing founded the company, which a year later became known as the Boeing Airplane Company. A large aircraft workshop or a small factory - that’s what this company was like back then. The planes were assembled by hand. A piece of canvas and wood with a motor, Boeing's first child, the B&W seaplane, was not bad at all. But the company became first-class only by releasing its reliable and safe ten-seat 247 model of passenger aircraft in 1933.

Interesting fact: it was on this model, which proved to be safe in operation, that the world’s first aviation terrorist attack was carried out: 1933, Chicago-Cleveland flight, seven died, including three crew members.

The Boeing 314 was developed in 1938 for transatlantic flights. This seaplane could already carry 90 passengers. During World War II, the company produced the B-17 Flying Fortress and B29 Super Fortress heavy bombers, the first US strategic bombers, which made its name famous. Since then, the US military department has become a regular customer of Boeing.

Having taken off in 1954, the Boeing 707 became the first mass-produced airliner for almost a quarter of a century (some of its copies are still flying). And the most popular was the Boeing 737 jet. In total, about eight thousand devices were produced, and currently an airliner of this model lands or takes off every five seconds.

The Boeing 747 was criticized in every way possible at the stage of design and test flights. It is large, uneconomical, and there are no appropriate premises for its assembly. Yes, the Boeing company almost went bankrupt on the construction of a special plant, but the profit they provided more than covered all the funds spent, and the plane itself became popular and in demand. The flight range of a Boeing 777 at one refueling exceeds twenty thousand kilometers! When designing it in the early nineties of the last century, paper drawings were no longer used, and all work was done on a PC.

Strategic Project Yellowstone

The Yellowstone program is an ambitious project to replace the entire line of civilian airliners with high-tech and economical models. The main directions of the Yellowstone project in the field of technology:

  • Widespread use of composite materials, including carbon fiber.
  • Replacing hydraulic systems with electric ones.
  • Use of the most economical turbo engines.

This project has three directions:

  • Replacing the Boeing 737 model with a model with a relatively small (100-200 people) number of passengers. In 2011, it was announced that this project would be implemented in 2020. However, a competing project, the 737 MAX, appeared, and nothing is clear yet.
  • Replacement of the Boeing 767 model. The project is completed. The real dream of aircraft manufacturers - the Boeing 787 Dreamliner - was put into operation.
  • Replacing the Boeing 777 and 777-300 models with an airliner designed to big number passengers - six hundred plus. The project is in progress.

"Dreamliner"

At the end of the last century, sales of the Boeing 767 began to fall, and the company decided to create an aircraft whose speed would be almost close to the sound barrier. Thus was born the futuristic Boeing Sonic Cruiser project. The emphasis was on composite materials. Half the weight of the liner is aluminum and titanium. But the oil crisis at the beginning of the first decade of the 21st century cast doubt on the economic feasibility of the project, and just before Christmas 2002 it was closed.

Immediately in January 2003, development of the Boeing 787 model began. Developments made in the Boeing Sonic Cruiser project were used. The code name of the 7E7 project was changed to Boeing 787 in 2005, and subsequently a survey put a firm end to the name issue. More than half a million respondents called this model the “Dream Liner.” A new generation long-range, jet, wide-body aircraft - the Boeing 787 Dreamliner began its commercial operation in 2011. The first copy was sold All Nippon Airways, which ordered fifty aircraft back in 2004. By the way, Boeing, due to the constant delay in delivery of hundreds of aircraft to customers, had big financial problems brewing, which were nevertheless managed to be resolved.

Interesting fact: tickets for the first flight of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner from Tokyo to Hong Kong were sold at an online auction and were immediately sold out, and the cost of one seat more than once “overcame” the mark of thirty thousand US dollars. Surveys among passengers revealed that at least 9/10 had a desire to repeat the flight.

Peculiarities

The Boeing 787 is truly economical (and this despite the fact that initially there were serious problems with increasing the weight of the aircraft), since it uses 1/5 less fuel, is more efficient, including due to the flat bottom, almost The luggage compartment is increased by half and is innovative in comparison with the Boeing 767 it replaced. At altitude and flight safety. As tests have shown, it is not afraid of even lightning strikes to the body. What's it worth? new complex avionics that allows you to see through clouds. Instead of traditionally concentrating the entire production cycle at its main plant, Boeing entrusted reliable subcontractors to produce those components and parts that they make better and cheaper. The international division of labor system in action:

  • Japan makes composite and wings.
  • Italy - fuselage, stabilizer, fin.
  • France - electrical wiring and doors (passenger).
  • India - beams and software.
  • Sweden - doors (cargo) and hatches.
  • South Korea- wing elements, spars and landing gear.
  • England - the chassis itself.

Cost of the plane and flights on it

When talking about the cost of something, or rather, the selling price, we must keep in mind many factors that influence this figure “here and now.” The ability to bargain, the surrounding circumstances, including additional terms of the contract, the period and place of its conclusion, the choice of an economical or exclusive option, discounts, and so on and so forth. Therefore, we have to talk about approximate figures. Thus, the company’s catalog prices for Boeing 787 models 800, 900 and 1000 range from 225 to 306 million US dollars, and a ticket for one person for a flight from Russia to the USA and back is around five hundred dollars. As of the beginning of 2018, more than 1,300 aircraft of the above models have been ordered, half of which have already been shipped to customers. What does a Boeing 787 look like? Photos of this aircraft can be seen in our article.

Model 787-8

She didn't appear right away. Initially, it was planned to make the Boeing 787-3 a basic modification, and it was intended for operation on Japanese airlines for flights over short distances, up to six thousand kilometers. However, due to the increase in orders for the 800 model, the 787 project was closed. The base model was the Boeing 787-8 (a photo of this aircraft is in our article). And larger models have already been developed on its basis. These are Boeing 787-9 and 787-10.

On all aircraft the crew consists of two people (commander and co-pilot.)

Here are the characteristics of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner:

  • Length - 56.7 m.
  • Height - 17.0 m.
  • Wing span - 60.2 m.
  • The weight of the aircraft without load is 118 tons.
  • The maximum weight allowed during takeoff is 228 tons.
  • Maximum landing weight is 172 tons.
  • The capacity of the fuel tanks is 126 tons.
  • Maximum flight distance: 13.6 thousand km.
  • The number of seats (total) in three classes is 210 or 250.
  • Cabin width - 5.49 m.
  • Cargo capacity - 138.2 cubic meters.

Below is a photo of the Boeing 787 interior.

As you can see, it is quite roomy.

Boeing 787 - the best seats

Naturally, the best (they are also the most expensive) seats are located in the front of the cabin, closer to the cockpit. Business class occupies the first six rows (36 passengers with a 2+2+2 seating arrangement). However, it must be kept in mind that most comfortable places are in the second and fifth rows, since the first is located next to the door to the cockpit, the third is with the toilets, the fourth is with the approach to the toilets, and the sixth is near the partition separating business class from economy class.

Interior features

The Boeing 787-8 passenger cabin is unique in that:

  • Wider by almost four tens of centimeters than its competitors Airbus A330 and A340.
  • Has the largest self-dimming windows (no curtains and electronics work).
  • Inside the cabin, the pressure is as at an altitude of 1.8 km (usually as at an altitude of 2.4 kilometers).
  • Equipped with an innovative “smooth flight” system that improves comfort during turbulence.
  • The new supercharging system takes air directly from the outside space, rather than cooling it passing through the engines. This air is more humid and “alive”.
  • The seats are more comfortable than those of the “predecessor”, and you can move a wheelchair along the aisle, including to the toilet.
  • The luggage racks have become more spacious (you can fit four standard-sized suitcases with wheels).
  • Free WI-FI, broadband Internet (250 kb/s).
  • LED interior lighting.
  • Engine noise is significantly reduced by mixing the jet stream with air.
  • The comfort of passengers in seats not only in business class, but also in economy class has been increased.

What does the inside of a Boeing 787-8 look like? His photo can be seen below.

Model "787-9"

This is a modification of the previous Boeing, which, by increasing the length of the aircraft by more than 10%, allows it to carry significantly more passengers (up to 290 people) and luggage. In addition, the flight range has increased by 0.5 thousand km (15,700 kilometers), and among this family it is the farthest flying one. Passenger transportation began in 2014.

Characteristics

Here are the features of the model:

  • Length - 62.8 m.
  • Height - 17.0 m.
  • Wing span - 60.1 m.
  • The weight of the aircraft without load is 128.8 tons.
  • The maximum weight allowed during takeoff is 254 tons.
  • Maximum landing weight - 192.8 tons.
  • The capacity of the fuel tanks is 126.4 tons.
  • Cruising speed - 913 km/h.
  • Maximum speed - 954 km/h.
  • Flight altitude (maximum) - 13.1 km.
  • Maximum flight distance: 15.7 thousand km.
  • Engines: two Rolls Royce Trent 1000 or General Electric GEnx-1B turbojet engines.
  • The number of seats (total), in 3 classes - 280 pieces.
  • Cabin width - 5.49 m.

What does a Boeing 787 Dreamliner look like? The reader can see a photo of the airliner in this article. The appearance of this technology is truly impressive.

What are the characteristics of the Boeing 787-10:

  • Length - 63.8 m.
  • Height - 17.0 m.
  • Wing span - 60.2 m.
  • The weight of the aircraft without load is 138 tons.
  • Maximum weight allowed during takeoff - no data available.
  • Maximum landing weight - 202 tons.
  • Fuel tank capacity - no data.
  • Cruising speed - 903 km/h.
  • Maximum speed - 956 km/h.
  • Flight altitude (maximum) - 13.1 km.
  • Maximum flight distance: 11.9 thousand km.
  • Engines - two Rolls-Royce Trent - 1000 or General Electric GEnx-1B turbojet engines.
  • The number of seats (total) in three classes is 330.
  • Cabin width - 5.49 m.
  • Cargo capacity - 192.6 cubic meters.

Capacity

Even more elongated (plus 5 meters), comfortable and spacious, the Boeing 787 of this modification can take on board up to 330 passengers and significantly more luggage. Deliveries of this modification began in March of this year. The first Boeing 787-10 airliners entered service on the routes Singapore - Osaka (Japan) and Singapore - Perth (Australia). The starting buyer was " Singapore Airlines".

Airplane in FSX

The Boeing 787 is so popular that it is included in Microsoft's global massively multiplayer online game - Flight Simulator X. A flight simulator with dozens of missions to transport passengers and cargo between almost fifty airports. In it you can either pilot a plane alone or with a group of players, or manage airport ground services. The world in it is quite realistic and huge (exceeds half a billion square kilometers).

Conclusion

The ambitious plan adopted by Boeing in 2011 provided for the sale of 3.3 thousand 787 aircraft in twenty years (until 2030). Currently, the company has ordered an average of 136 aircraft of this model per year (Emirates ordered 210 Boeing 787 Dreamline in 2017), which, subject to a constant increase in orders and their implementation, will ensure the implementation of the approved plan.

In general, the number of orders (both completed and not yet) is confidently approaching 6,000 pieces. For the sixth year in a row, the company has outpaced its competitor in the supply of flight equipment to customers. Last year alone, orders were received for 912 aircraft worth a total of $134 billion. The record holders for orders are Boeing 737 and 787.

And the forecasts for the aircraft industry are more than good. Various analysts give approximately the same demand figures (within the natural margin of error) that by 2036 more than forty thousand civil airliners will be sold at a cost of about 6 trillion US dollars. True, in this huge barrel of honey for the company there is still a fly in the ointment. It is predicted that the main demand will be for narrow-body aircraft, and the Boeing 787 Dreamline series is wide-body.

Boeing History:

In 1903, an important event for the history of world aviation took place in the United States: the Wright brothers' airplane made the first ever flight on Kitty Hawk Beach in North Carolina. At the same time, in New Haven, Connecticut, 22-year-old William Boeing, the future founder of the Boeing Corporation, left Yale University and decided to go into business.

From the university, William Boeing headed “into the thick of the forest.” At the beginning of the twentieth century, timber trading was the second most profitable business in the United States after gold mining. The lumber trade allowed William Boeing to quickly amass a decent fortune, and by 1909 he was already one of the most respected citizens of Seattle. At the end of 1909, the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific trade exhibition was held in Seattle, during which residents of the west coast saw their first flying machine - a small airship. It was then that William Boeing realized that his heart belonged to aviation.

When a few months later, in the neighboring town of Georgetown, demonstration flights took place on the new Curtiss Reims Racer airplane of the famous American aviation pioneer Charles Hamilton, Boeing made a special trip to watch his performances. Hamilton's flights ended in disaster - on March 13, 1910, Hamilton's airplane crashed into a pond. It was only a miracle that the pilot did not die. What he saw did not dampen William Boeing's ardor, and he spent the next few years trying to persuade some of the aviators to take him on a flight.

The dream remained unfulfilled until 1915, when fate brought Boeing together with kindred spirits - air flight enthusiasts, Navy Lieutenant Conrad Westervelt and pilot Tira Maroney. In Maroni's two-seat airplane, Boeing took to the air for the first time, and upon landing he knew for sure that he needed his own plane.

Boeing went to Los Angeles to study airplane piloting with Glenn Martin, an unsurpassed authority of those years. He returned from Los Angeles on his own seaplane.

On the shores of Lake Union, Boeing rebuilt an old boat hangar for airplanes and organized the Pacific Aero Club, which gave everyone the opportunity to take a ride on an airplane for little money.

Martin's seaplane design did not suit Boeing, and William decided to create his own plane.
Together with Westervelt, they found self-taught engineer Herb Manter experimenting with airplanes in his barn near Seattle, on the island of Duhamish. He helped develop the design of a new seaplane (named B&W after the first letters of the customers' last names) and built the first two aircraft.

On July 15, 1916, William Boeing flew his first airplane, and just a month later he registered the Pacific Aero Products Co. (later the company was renamed Boeing Airplane), which was supposed to build seaplanes for the US Navy. Boeing invested almost $100,000 in this company - gigantic money at that time.

Thanks to its production diversification strategy, Boeing Airplane has mastered the postal market. And in 1927, having won a contract with the US Federal Postal Department (the victory was won by the Model 40-A aircraft), Boeing became the world's first air mail carrier. To implement the postal and other transportation project, the head of the company created the first service division - Boeing Air Transport. The first air transport route San Francisco - Chicago also began to function. But this was not enough for the innovator. In 1929, a new three-engine aircraft model 80As for 12 passengers took to the skies. Flight attendants boarded the plane for the first time.

In 1930, William Boeing presented the Monomail cargo-passenger vehicle to the public (its streamlined shapes resemble modern Boeings). Soon, the Boeing Airplane Company turned into the Boeing Airplane & Transport Corporation. New divisions also appeared: Boeing School of Aeronautics in Oakland, Boeing Aircraft of Canada, etc. The company assembled aircraft, built airfields, produced engines and propellers, trained pilots and aircraft technicians, and provided air transport services.

And on February 1, 1929, a real colossus was born - United Aircraft & Transportation Corporation. The Boeing Corporation has become a powerful aircraft manufacturing and transport empire, and its head is one of the richest and most successful businessmen in America.

To prevent autocracy in the air transport sector, the US Parliament passed a law in 1934 that destroyed the Boeing empire. new document prohibited aircraft manufacturing companies from simultaneously being owners of transport and postal companies. The huge holding broke up into:

  • United Air Lines (air transportation)
  • United Aircraft;
  • Boeing Aircraft Company (construction of aircraft in the East and on west coast America).

William Boeing could not recover from the blow for a long time: everything that had been created with such difficulty was destroyed with one stroke of the pen. Broken and tired, the tycoon retired, deciding to watch his aviation creation from the sidelines. The reins of power were handed over to friends and colleagues - Philip Johnson and Claremont Egtvedt. However, the life of a rentier did not suit Boeing's restless nature. At the age of 53, he opened a new business. Thoroughbred stud horses became his new passion.

After 1934, Boeing devoted all its efforts to developing new aircraft models. In 1935, the Kaydet fighter was born, which became the main training aircraft of US aviation. More than 10,000 of these machines were built. In 1936, Boeing signed a contract with PanAmerican and became its main partner for many years. In 1938 she saw the light passenger model 307 Stratoliner, which became the model aircraft for passenger lines for the next 10 years.

At the same time, the B-17 and B-29 bombers were developed, as well as the XPBB-1 Sea Ranger naval bomber.

During World War II, Boeing became the largest manufacturer of military aircraft in the world. At its facilities, not only the B-17 and B-29 were assembled, but also aircraft developed by competitors - the Douglas DC-7B attack aircraft. Air fleet Allied aircraft, which rained down thousands of tons of bombs on Germany at the end of the war, was almost entirely assembled at Boeing factories. Bomber that dropped atomic bomb to Hiroshima, is also the brainchild of Boeing.
The year 1944 went down in company history as the “Battle of Kansas.” Every conceivable productivity record was broken at the Wichita Assembly Plant this year. Working in emergency mode, the plant produced up to 16 aircraft per day - a record that has not been broken to this day.

After the war, orders dried up, and hard times began again for Boeing. In 1946, the company had to lay off 70,000 people. To the holder of the post general director William Allen had to urgently look for ways out of the crisis. The company has started working on new passenger planes, presented models of new bombers to the US government and for the first time began producing ballistic missiles and surface-to-air interceptor missiles. Under Allen's leadership, the company began producing the legendary B-52 flying fortresses, the KC-135 aerial tankers, and the first American jet aircraft. passenger aircraft Model 707.

In 1958, three 707-120 aircraft were purchased air Force USA for the president of the country and his inner circle. This convoy was assigned the call sign Air Force One. Since then, in most countries of the world, the plane of the president of the country is called “Air Force One.”

In 1960, the Boeing Corporation began to develop the space sector. The first designs of the manned orbital station Dyna-Soar and the Saturn V launch vehicle, intended for the Apollo program, appeared. In 1963, NASA selected Boeing to fly into lunar orbit and photograph the lunar surface at close range. This project was implemented in 1966, and in 1969 the Apollo 11 spacecraft, launched into orbit by the Saturn carrier, carried astronauts to the Moon.

In the early 60s several major airlines approached Boeing with a proposal to develop a mass-produced model jet plane capable of using the runways of small airports, operating even if one engine fails, being more economical than the B-707, and easy to operate and maintain.

Thus, the Boeing 727 was created - a narrow-body, medium-range passenger aircraft. It made its first flight on February 9, 1963.

In 1967, the 737 took off on its first flight and was destined to become one of the best-selling aircraft in aviation history. The total number of cars sold exceeded 2000 units.

In 1968, Boeing developed what was then the largest passenger airliner 747. The world's first double-decker giant, which the company good-naturedly nicknamed Jumbo Jet.

With the 737 and 747, Boeing cemented its leadership in the aircraft manufacturing market and literally revolutionized the airline industry.

In the early 80s, two new Boeing models were born - the 757 and 767. The narrow-body 757 was created as a replacement for the aging 727. As for the Boeing 767, it was designed for medium and long-haul airlines. In addition, this aircraft has become a serious competitor to the Airbus A300, which is gaining popularity in Europe.

Almost until the mid-90s, Boeing improved its model range, until the market situation, as well as competition with Airbus, McDonnell Douglas and Lockheed, forced the company to begin developing a long-range wide-body airliner with 400-500 seats.

Thus, in 1994, the Boeing 777 was born. For the first time, airlines and passengers took an active part in the development of this machine. Their opinion had the highest priority, and the resulting machine, according to Boeing, became the most consumer-oriented machine in the world.

By the late 1990s, it became obvious that the Boeing 767 was significantly outdated and could not compete with rival Airbus's new designs, such as the Airbus A330. In 2001, Boeing announced the start of development of a new project, the Boeing Sonic Cruiser. The company promised that the new aircraft would be able to fly at speeds close to sound, while on average consuming no more fuel (due to a shorter flight time) than the 767 or A330. Due to the terrorist attacks of September 11 and rising oil prices, it became clear that airlines were more interested in flight efficiency than speed, and the Sonic Cruiser project, which was also expensive and technologically complex, was suspended.

However, on January 28, 2005, Boeing presented its new project– 787 Dreamliner. The aircraft replaced the Sonic Cruiser concept, inheriting many of the ideas and technologies of its predecessor.

The Boeing 787 is a wide-body airliner designed to carry from 296 to 350 passengers over a distance of up to 15,700 km. 787 became the first by passenger plane, the fuselage of which is entirely made of composite materials. It first flew on December 15, 2009.

Today there are about 12,000 jets in operation around the world. Boeing airliners, which is approximately 75% of the world's fleet


 

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