VDNH is beautiful. Parks and Recreation. VDNH operating mode

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The largest entertainment and educational complex in Russia - VDNKh is located in the north-east of Moscow. Every day it attracts several thousand Muscovites and city guests. The exhibition is presented by pavilions and fountains built in the pre-war Soviet era, located along wide asphalt alleys. There are also more modern buildings dedicated to space, energy and cybernetics. 49 buildings are recognized as architectural masterpieces and monuments cultural heritage. The exhibitions are of interest to people of all ages. The complex is harmonious - with park areas and ponds, there is a relaxing atmosphere and fresh air.

Only at VDNKh you can see a copy of Yuri Gagarin’s spaceship, the first passenger aircraft and a real power plant.

History of VDNH

The exhibition was opened in 1939 and served as an advertising postcard of victorious socialism - in a complex of numerous pavilions, the “achievements” of socialist industry were demonstrated, which, by and large, existed only on its territory.

During the Soviet era, citizens of the country flocked to VDNKh to see the abundance they missed: quality products, fat animals and modern technology. Each pavilion represented one of the 15 republics of the USSR or a sector of the national economy, and in the center stood the pavilion of the Russian Federation and the Friendship of Peoples fountain with golden sculptures of their representatives in national costumes. In the 90s the buildings were taken over by traders, and the exhibition turned into a large market and fell into disrepair for several years.

75 years of VDNH

What to see

VDNKh is a series of shopping and viewing pavilions that host permanent exhibitions, concerts and literary evenings. Presented here various industries national economy: light industry, transport, livestock farming, floriculture. There are many educational sites, exhibitions and museums open. Among the most interesting are the country's largest aquarium, a city farm, a fishing village, an amusement park with a huge Ferris wheel, a rose garden, a reading room, and a green theater.

Cosmonautics lovers are curious to climb into the interactive museum located inside the model of the legendary Buran spaceship, watch a movie about it, and even experience its virtual landing at the cosmodrome.

In winter, VDNKh is flooded with big skating rink In summer, young and old ride bicycles along the roads, climb the rope park, play table tennis or badminton, sit with a book in the reading room of the chess club, taste aromatic honey or have lunch in a cafe. The Botanical Garden is adjacent to the exhibition area, where it is very pleasant to walk.

The complex offers rental of bicycles, roller skates, scooters and hoverboards.

Practical information

Main entrance address: Moscow, Mira Ave., 121. Website.

Travel by metro to VDNKh station.

Opening hours: from 8:00 to 21:00 daily. Entrance to the territory is free, travel and parking are paid. You can get around on foot or on internal minibuses. Sightseeing tours are available.

I always tried to avoid VDNKh. In my understanding, it was once a beautiful park, but it gradually turned into a hopeless Cherkizon. On the list of vacation spots where I would like to go for a walk with my family and friends, the Exhibition of National Economic Achievements was on last place. I haven’t visited VDNKh for more than two years, and this Friday, on a fine spring day, I went to change my point of view. To say that I was surprised is to say nothing.

The Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy is the largest exhibition, museum and recreational complex in the world. The exhibition complex was officially opened in 1939 as the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV) and operated until 1941. Its name changed several times (VSKhV, VPV, VDNKh USSR, All-Russian Exhibition Center).

Created in Soviet time, the pavilions are a monument to the Soviet era, an example of the prevailing different time architectural views.

The Pavilion of the Uzbek SSR, being one of the best preserved pavilions of the All-Russian Agricultural Exhibition, is recognized in its composition, proportions and elegance as one of the masterpieces of Soviet architecture of the 1950s. The basis for creating the pavilion was taken from the main common type of national Uzbek house, in the center of which there was an elegant steel patterned gazebo-rotunda, under which a small fountain was still preserved.

Look how beautiful it is!

Central pavilion of VDNKh

The three-tier composition of the building was created in the traditions of the classical Russian Empire style. Many experts consider the closest “stylistic relative” of the pavilion to be the St. Petersburg Admiralty Tower.

Someone destroyed the USSR inscription.

Catering at VDNKh. I am always wary of such establishments, but here I took a chance.

As a result, I drank delicious coffee made in a Turk on the sand and ate delicious shawarma. Still alive)

Stylish mobile tents with coffee, corn and hot sausages.

Beauty and comfort)

The Friendship of Peoples fountain is one of the main symbols of VDNKh. The following is text from Wikipedia:

The stepped granite base of the fountain, which resembles a flower in plan, smoothly turns into an immense bowl-shaped sheaf of ears of corn, sunflowers and hemp. Around it are installed, covered with gold leaf, 16 girls, symbolizing the republics of the USSR until 1956.

Figures of workers and peasants looking into a “bright future.”

The area around the fountain and up to the Ukraine pavilion is a large ice skating rink in winter.

The main skating rink of the country - this name was officially assigned to the skating rink last year by the Russian Book of Records. Today, by the way, was the last day of operation of the skating rink.

During the preparation of the anniversary exhibition dedicated to the 75th anniversary of VDNKh, a high relief by Yevgeny Vuchetich “Glory to the Soviet people - the standard-bearer of the world - was discovered in the exhibition pavilion!”

It is interesting that this find turned out to be completely accidental - they simply decided to remove the extra stalls from the pavilion and clear out the walls. Behind one of these walls this work of art was discovered.

The high relief was hidden from the public for more than 50 years, and recently it was unveiled in a solemn ceremony by Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin.

Pavilion "Republic of Belarus".

And this is the Space pavilion. It 100% lives up to its name. The pavilion on the side of the square is decorated with a decorated arch, with two pedestal-towers topped with sculptures of the Machine Operator and the Tractor Driver. Particularly impressive is the grandiose dome made of glass and steel.

View from the roof of "Cosmos" to Industry Square.

Many thanks to the VDNH press service for the warm welcome and to photographer Kirill Smirnov for the tour)

The article uses materials from the Gelio Vostok website

Gelio Vostok is a publishing house that deals with high-altitude photography of cities, and also specializes in the production of corporate photo albums and gift books about regions, large companies and industrial enterprises.

Over the years of work, the geography of projects included objects in the territory from the USA to Kamchatka. Today, photographs of the company can be found almost everywhere: from souvenirs and printed publications to presentations in the Government. Russian Federation. Publishing projects of Gelio Vostok in Russian cities became bestsellers, and appeared among corporate clients largest companies and holdings of the country.

Found a mistake? Select it and press left Ctrl+Enter.

The exhibition of achievements of the national economy is considered one of the most popular places in Moscow. More than 20 million people visit it annually. In Russia, this is the largest museum-exposition. On the territory there are pavilions, fountains, park areas, ponds and monuments. In total there are 49 objects recognized as cultural heritage.

The total area of VDNH with Ostankino Park is 317 hectares.

Opened in August 1939, the Exhibition changed its appearance and content. During its existence, it was repeatedly renamed: VSKhV, VPV, VDNKh USSR, All-Russian Exhibition Center. In 2014, electronic voting was carried out and the place was returned to its former name VDNKh. Also this year, work began on reviving the exhibition.

Receive tourists from different cities around the world there are hotels and hostels that are located in close proximity to the park. The cost of living depends on the level of comfort of the rooms.

Skating rink at VDNKh

IN winter period Skating rinks for children and adults are opening at VDNKh. You can come here any day except Monday and go ice skating. Every year the theme of New Year's decorations changes, but the skating rinks at VDNKh still remain the largest in Russia.

In the 2018-2019 season, VDNKh operates two large skating rinks, “Tsvetnik” and “Raketa”. And also a small children's skating rink.

Their names correspond to the chosen location. The Flower Garden skating rink is located between the Stone Flower and Friendship of Peoples fountains. And the Raketa ice platform is poured around the Vostok launch vehicle on Industry Square.

Skating rink "Flower garden"

In the very center of VDNKh there is the Tsvetnik skating rink. The organizers tried to convey the festive mood to its visitors as much as possible, decorating it with giant installations in the form of Christmas tree balls. As before, skating takes place with musical accompaniment. Due to its size, it can accommodate up to 1,200 people at a time.

The area of the Tsvetnik skating rink at VDNKh is 4,500 square meters.

The Tsvetnik skating rink is more suitable for families, as next to it there was a separate area of 900 square meters for children from 3 to 8 years old.

For those who are skating for the first time or do not know how to skate, there are special support structures. They are made in the form of small carriages of the Sapsan train. It is also possible to order additional service and undergo training with an instructor.

The children's and main skating rinks have separate ticket offices, warm locker rooms and skate rentals. Figure, hockey or children's models can be rented for adults and young visitors. There are 1500 pairs in total. Children must be accompanied on the ice by an adult. To ensure safety, there is a first aid station nearby.

You can have a snack and drink hot drinks in one of three cafes located nearby. Two of them are located near the Stone Flower fountain, and the third is in the pavilion of the children's skating rink.

Skating rink "Rocket"

The second skating rink is made in a space theme. Its highlight was a huge model of the Vostok rocket. The skiing here is faster than the previous ones. Most often it is visited by young people. For them, the organizers organize themed parties with music and animation on the ice rink. The Raketa skating rink is much more spacious and can accommodate twice as many people - 2,400 people.

The area of the Raketa skating rink at VDNKh is 8,600 square meters.

The infrastructure of the Raketa skating rink includes one general skating circle, several entrance pavilions and four warm cafes. Like the other skating rink, there is a first aid station nearby for safety reasons. There are also eight training instructors.

The ticket office is located directly next to the entrance to the skating rink. More than one and a half thousand skates are available for rental for children and adults. You can also take them and bring them to the ice with you from home. If necessary, sharpen the blades immediately.

Prices in 2019

The cost of visiting all skating rinks is the same. Prices vary depending on age and availability of benefits.

Child ticket (ages 3 to 12 years):

from Tuesday to Friday for 1 session - 150 rubles, 2 session - 200 rubles;
from Saturday to Sunday for 1 session - 150 rubles, 2 session - 200 rubles, 3 session - 200 rubles, 4 session - 200 rubles.

Adult ticket:

from Tuesday to Friday for 1 session - 250 rubles, 2 session - 350 rubles;
from Saturday to Sunday for 1 session - 350 rubles, 2 session - 450 rubles, 3 session - 450 rubles, 4 session - 400 rubles.

Tickets for the Tsvetnik and Raketa skating rinks are purchased separately at their ticket offices. It is also possible to buy them in advance on the official VDNKh website.

Tickets for the Children's Skating Rink can be purchased on site for the child and accompanying person. For those who do not have their own skates, there are rental points. This service costs 200 rubles. Sizes from twenty-five to forty-eight.

Additionally, you can buy protective shields for 50 rubles. Skate sharpening and repairs are carried out in the skating rink pavilions. Cost from 250 rubles.

Skating rink schedule

Opening hours of the Tsvetnik skating rink and children's playground at VDNKh:

from Tuesday to Friday

1 session from 11:00 to 15:00,
2 session from 17:00 to 23:00;

on Saturday and Sunday, as well as on holidays

1 session from 10:00 to 12:30,
Session 2 from 13:30 to 15:30,
Session 3 from 16:30 to 18:30,
Session 4 from 19:30 to 23:00;

day off - Monday.

Operating hours of the Raketa skating rink at VDNKh:

from Tuesday to Friday

1 session from 11:00 to 15:00,
2 session from 17:00 to 23:00;

from Saturday to Sunday and holidays

1 session from 10:00 to 13:30,
Session 2 from 14:30 to 16:30,
Session 3 from 17:30 to 19:30,
4th session from 20:30 to 23:00;

Monday is not a working day.

Sports entertainment on the ice rinks is carried out on weekends from 10:30 to 15:30 at the Tsvetnik skating rink, from 12:30 to 16:30 at the Raketa skating rink. Animation for young visitors on Saturday and Sunday from 13:30 to 15:30 at the Children's Skating Rink. On Fridays from 18:00 to 20:00, thematic dance parties are held at the Raketa skating rink.

VDNH operating hours

The territory of VDNKh is available to visitors 24 hours a day. Entrance to the pavilions is limited due to the operating conditions of the events held inside.

The cafe's opening hours depend on the season. In summer they are open from 10:00 to 23:00, and in winter they close an hour earlier.

History of the Exhibition of National Economic Achievements

In 1934, it was decided to organize an exhibition space to demonstrate achievements in the field Agriculture and collectivization. The opening was timed to coincide with the 20th anniversary of Soviet power. The history of VDNKh is inseparably connected with numerous scandals and tragic fates of Soviet architects. The exhibition was rebuilt several times. The pavilions were demolished and rebuilt to please the new government. Under Khrushchev, the Exhibition territory became a battlefield for two superpowers. In 1959, US Vice President Richard Nixon visited the Exhibition.

Currently, VDNH has begun a large-scale reconstruction of utility networks and buildings. Video surveillance and control systems are being modernized, which will ensure the safety of Exhibition visitors. In addition, there will now be free Internet access via Wi-Fi throughout the park. Completion of work is planned for 2018. The exhibition space is divided into seven thematic zones: Central Alley, EXPO zone, Ostankino Park, Landscape park, Amusement Park, Crafts Park, Knowledge Park. Soon VDNKh will become the main educational and entertainment area Russia, which can be visited by up to 40 million people annually.

VDNH pavilions

The central entrance is located from Mira Avenue, behind Memorial Museum astronautics. At the top of the five-span arch there is a monument “Tractor Driver and Collective Farm Woman”. The total height is 32 meters. The central entrance was built according to the design of the architect I. Melchakov in 1954. The statue was the emblem of the 1939 Exhibition and stood in front of the Central Pavilion. During the construction of the arch, it was moved and installed on the roof. From here begins the route along the main alley, where the most interesting pavilions of VDNKh are located.

Pavilion "Worker and Collective Farm Woman"

The pavilion is located to the right of Central entrance at VDNKh. At the top there is a monument of the same name by V. Mukhina and B. Iofan. Initially, the concept of the statue was created for the 1937 World Exhibition in Paris. In 2009, the complex was reconstructed, and now it hosts educational events and exhibitions of Moscow and regional museums.

Pavilion No. 1 “Central”

The pavilion is located on the Central Alley of VDNH. It was built in 1954 according to the design of architects Y. Shchuko and E. Stolyarov. Intended to demonstrate the main achievements of the USSR.

Height of the Central Pavilion - 97 meters, area - 3500 sq. meters.

The exhibition showed the main events in the construction of the Soviet state and its successes in the national economy, science and art. The pavilion is currently under reconstruction.

Pavilion "Agriculture"

Legendary old building from 1954. Previously it was called the “Ukrainian SSR”. It was designed by the architect A. Tatsiyem. The pavilion was assigned number 58. Initially, its exposition reflected the successes of agriculture and industry of the union republic. In 1954, to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia, it was crowned with a spire in the form of a golden sheaf. Currently closed for restoration work.

Pavilion "Smart City"

The Smart City Information Technology Center is one of the newest pavilions at VDNKh. It was built in 2016 according to a design by the Wall architectural bureau. It is assigned the number 461. The area is 1600 sq. m. meters. The premises have a modern design. The facades are made of large gray tiles with a relief pattern of computer chips. Panoramic windows provide natural light at any time of the year.

Pavilion "Space"

Changed its name three times. On April 13, 2018, after reconstruction, the Cosmonautics and Aviation Center was opened in pavilion No. 34. It is the largest in modern Russia space museum complex. It presents more than 2,000 unique photographs, videos and archival documents. 120 samples of aircraft and space technology, never before exhibited.

Moskvarium at VDNH

The Moskvarium Center for Oceanography and Marine Biology is the largest oceanarium in Russia. Its building is divided into an Aquarium and a Hall for performances of marine animals and artists with 2,300 seats. Moskvarium holds 5 million liters of water, 80 aquariums, 7,000 different fish and marine animals. This makes it possible to recreate various ecosystems of the World Ocean. For children's leisure There is an interactive zone with starfish, carp and stingrays. The pride of the aquarium - panoramic platform for observing killer whales, dolphins and beluga whales. The lecture program can be found on the official website.

Attractions

The exhibition of national economic achievements is rich in attractions. Fountains, museum, statues, parks and much more. When planning your visit, it is better to allow at least one full day of daylight to get around the main places.

Fountain "Friendship of Peoples"

The fountain is located behind pavilion No. 1 “Central”. The following people worked on the project: K. Topuridze, V. Klyavina, Z. Bazhenova, A. Teneta, I. Chaikov, Z. Ryleeva, V. Gavrilov. It finally started working in 1954.

The length of the “Friendship of Peoples” fountain along the perimeter is 170 meters, the area is 3723 square meters. meters.

The fountain has an oval shape; along its circumference there are sculptures of 16 girls in national costumes and paraphernalia, symbolizing the union republics. Hidden underground is a complex water supply and management system.

Fountain "Stone Flower"

This is the second most important fountain at VDNKh after the Friendship of Peoples. It was created in the same 1954, by architect K. Topuridze and sculptor P. Dobrynin. Located on Kolkhoz Square.

The “Stone Flower” fountain is the world’s first light and music fountain.

Industry Area

The square was designed in 1937 by architect V. Oltarzhevsky. It is notable for the fact that a mock-up of the Vostok missile and a Yak-42 aircraft are now installed there. To the left of the square there is a model of the Buran spaceship.

A model of the Vostok launch vehicle appeared at VDNKh in 1967, on the fiftieth anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. It was made at the Samara Rocket and Space Center.

The weight of the Vostok rocket model is 25 tons, height is 38.4 meters.

The Soviet airliner Yak-42 set nine world records, including in the Moscow-Khabarovsk flight range. It appeared at the Exhibition in 1981.

Model of the Buran spacecraft - part museum complex, dedicated to the rocket ship and its flight into space in 1988.

Technograd

Technograd at VDNKh is a center where anyone can learn a new profession and gain knowledge in the field of urban infrastructure, industry, services for the population, digital technologies, industry and entrepreneurship. A poster of upcoming events is posted on the official website.

Green Theater at VDNH

At the first Exhibition in 1939, a wooden stage of the Green Theater was built. Over the years of its existence, it was rebuilt several times, it completely changed its appearance. The State Academic Symphony Orchestra and the Pyatnitsky Choir performed at the theater. Concerts of famous singers took place: Kobzon, Hvorostovsky, Dunaevsky, Grebenshchikov and Boyarsky. Work is currently underway at the theater to examine its condition. Based on their results, a careful restoration project will be drawn up.

Ostankino Park

The oldest Moscow park, with an area of 71 hectares. On its territory there is the Ostankino estate museum. In addition to shady alleys, in the center of the park there is a pond with a theater on the water. Complex under open air It began its work as a concert venue relatively recently, but has already gained popularity among the townspeople.

Exhibitions in 2019

For many years, VDNH has been considered the main venue for all industry exhibitions, forums, congresses, corporate events and concerts. They are divided into two groups: own and guest projects. All events take place throughout the year, both outdoors and in indoor pavilions. For these purposes, two huge two-story complexes were built with space for temporary construction, as well as conference rooms.

International exhibition complex located in pavilion No. 75 to the right of the Central Entrance. Its area is more than 24,000 square meters. Nearby is pavilion No. 69 - Specialized Exhibition Complex. His total area The exhibition space together with conference rooms reaches 16,000 square meters. Ticket prices vary depending on the event, and admission is often free. Announcements of upcoming events are published on the official VDNH website.

Events at VDNH

Every year VDNKh hosts more than a hundred exhibitions and congresses of international level. City festivals and holiday festivities. In summer, open-air concerts are held here, and in winter, the largest ice skating rink in Russia opens. A poster of events at VDNKh is available on the official website.

Festival "Inspiration"

One of the most exciting events taking place at VDNKh is the Inspiration art festival. At the end of July, contemporary art installations are installed in Ostankino Park. In the evening, the forest around the pond literally comes to life.

Attractions

The old attractions have recently been dismantled. And new ones will appear at VDNH in the near future. Work has begun on the construction of a modern amusement park. Its name is "Park of the Future". The project was developed by representatives of Russian and Italian companies that took part in the construction of Olympic facilities in Sochi and Disneyland in Paris. The conceived concept corresponds to the idea of combining entertainment and education.

They chose to build an amusement park southern part VDNKh. The attractions are planned to be closed. Their operation is possible in winter and summer. The main objects will be cable car and the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe. Historical buildings will not be affected by the changes; they will undergo major restoration. Events and various activities will be held inside them. For the convenience of visitors, multi-level parking is provided, solving the problem of traffic congestion.

How to get to VDNH

VDNKh is located in the North-East of Moscow. It can be reached by any means public transport or taxi.

Metro to VDNH

The VDNH station of the Moscow Metro is part of the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line (orange).

Ground transportation

Monorail: stops “Exhibition Center” and “Sergei Eisenstein Street”;
Trams: No. 11, 17, 25;
Buses: No. M9, T13, 15, 33, 56, 76, 85, 93, 136, 154, 172, 195, 244, 266, 311, 378, 379, 496, 533, 544, 834, 803, 903, N6 ;
Trolleybuses: No. 14, 36, 73, 76.

Parking

24-hour parking at VDNKh is located at four entrances to the territory and inside the park:

“Central” - from Mira Avenue, 121;
“Sever-1” - from Mira Avenue, 123 b;
“Khovansky” - from the side of Khovanskaya street, 24;
“Likhoborsky” - from the side of Selskokhozyaystvennaya Street, 21;
at pavilions No. 69, 70, 75 with 600 seats;
multi-level underground parking - from Eisenstein Street, 1.

Payment for parking is made at the entrance to VDNKh. The rate for a single stay of up to 12 hours is 700 rubles on weekdays and 1200 rubles on weekends and holidays.

Parking for guests and exhibition participants at pavilions No. 69, 70, 75 from 550 rubles to 2800 rubles, taking into account the tonnage of the car. Free discounted travel is provided to VDNKh veterans, disabled people, and World War II participants.

The cost of an underground parking space is 50 rubles per hour and 200 rubles per day.

Taxi

From anywhere in Moscow you can get to VDNKh by taxi using the following applications: Yandex. Taxi, Uber, Gett, Maxim.

VDNH- unique architectural complex, built in the “Stalinist Empire” style, preserving the memory of its era.
The territory of VDNKh is united With Botanical Garden and Ostankino Park - now it is a huge recreation area.
Under the roofs of the VDNH pavilions and in the open air all year round festivals, exhibitions and big celebrations are held.
An undisputed symbol of VDNKh are two main fountains:“Friendship of Peoples” and “Stone Flower” by architect K. Topuridze.
Noteworthy architecture separate pavilions, for example, “Public Education”, “Young Naturalists”, the “Tobacco” pavilion.
Convenient bike rental points have been organized, bike paths, playgrounds, designated areas for sports.

VDNH (Exhibition of National Economic Achievements) is a unique architectural complex, a favorite vacation spot for Muscovites and guests of the capital. Its territory is well planned, complemented by green areas and all the necessary infrastructure. The exhibition was combined with the Botanical Garden and Ostankino Park - now these objects have turned into a huge recreation area. The Moskvarium, an indoor aquarium, is also built here, one of the largest in terms of area and number of aquatic inhabitants in Europe. The decoration of VDNKh are grand fountains with memorable sculptural compositions. All kinds of festivals, exhibitions and big celebrations are held all year round under the roofs of VDNH pavilions and in the open air. In winter, the largest skating rink in the country operates here.

Most of the exhibition pavilions at VDNKh are built in the style and preserve the memory of their era - the period of intensive industrial development of the Soviet Union, the time of Victory in the Great Patriotic War and post-war reconstruction. The history of the complex began in the 30s of the twentieth century, and the first “All-Union Agricultural Exhibition” opened on this site in 1939. The demonstration of the best achievements of the people was supposed to become a universal holiday, a reason for pride. At the entrance to the exhibition, the famous sculpture by V. Mukhina “Worker and Collective Farm Woman”, made of stainless steel, was installed. In a single impulse, two young people rush forward, raising up the tools of their labor - a sickle and a hammer. The monument received worldwide recognition at the international exhibition in Paris in 1937.

Architectural monuments of the 30s.

G The general plan of the complex was prepared by the architect V. Oltarzhevsky. It combined artistic aspects with ideological ones. The exhibition was divided into seven sections: “Socialist reconstruction of agriculture and the victory of the collective farm system”, “Socialist agriculture of the republics, territories, regions”, “State farms”, “Mechanization and electrification of agriculture”, “Grains and industrial crops”, “Socialist livestock" and "Display of folk art and mass amateur performances."

Several buildings created during the years of the first exhibition have been preserved.. The modern Northern entrance, which used to be the main entrance, was designed by the architect V. Oltarzhevsky. A very simple, laconic composition, consisting of several white arches, devoid of decor, still looks stylish and modern. Harmony prop ortions, forms and surrounding space in the complete absence of any order elements - this is one of the best embodiments of constructivist research.

Another building is the pavilion “ Transport t" by architect S. Polupanov. Its façade is decorated with elegant columns of an abstract order, which make the building very light and at the same time solemn.

The “Physical Education and Sports” pavilion is very expressive(architects M. Kraevsky, F. Belostotskaya). Its slightly squat volume is decorated with a massive composition of banners and a five-pointed star. Once stood here sculptural group, depicting young athletes with flags. Unfortunately, only the pedestal has survived.

Global restructuring

During the Great Patriotic War the exhibition was closed. But already in 1948 it was resumed, and at the same time a radical restructuring of its space and design began. The process was led by the architect A. Zhukov and the sculptor E. Vuchetich (author of the grandiose monument “Motherland” on Mamayev Kurgan on the ste of the Battle of Stalingrad). The architectural style changed radically: new buildings were erected in the spirit of the “Stalinist Empire style”. The abundance of classical elements, heroic scale, pomp - luxurious buildings were supposed to create a solemn ensemble glorifying the victorious country.

According to the project of I. Melchakov, new entrance gates-propylaea were created. This is a peculiar Triumphal Arch- huge, solemn, setting the tone for the entire ensemble. Having passed under it, the visitor finds himself on the main alley. Directly along the axis he sees the Central Pavilion (author Yu. Shchuko), which is the high-rise dominant of the ensemble: its basis is made up of volumes decreasing upward, crowned with a shining spire. The facades are decorated with colonnades, giving the building a steamy look hellishness and solemnity.

Further along the alley there are two main fountains of VDNKh: “Friendship of Peoples” and “Stone Flower” by architect K. Topuridze. The first is a bunch of golden ears of grain, around which, as if in a big round dance, are representatives of all the republics of the USSR. “Stone Flower” is built on a different principle: its reservoir is larger, its sculptural forms depict a huge opening flower.

On the sides of the main alley there are various pavilions, each of which deserves special attention. For example, the pavilion “Public Education” by architect S. Polupanov. Slender colonnades harmoniously combine with the laconic arcades of the side projections. No less impressive is the “Young Naturalists” pavilion (architects N. Grishin, G. Vitukhin) - with a dome, large glazed semi-rotondas and three weightless arches on thin columns. The “Food” and “Horse Breeding” pavilions (architect M. Titov) were designed almost in the Palladian style. And the “Tobacco” pavilion (V. Kondratiev) looks very interesting in combination with them, made in a bright, oriental style - with many decorative elements, which are additionally decorated with bright colors.

A special place belongs to the pavilions of the Union republics and Russian regions. « Armenia"with its powerful white columns (architects V. Taushkanov, R. Kliks) or " Karelia", decorated with wooden carvings in the national spirit (F. Rekhmukhov). Unfortunately, most of the national pavilions were destroyed during Khrushchev's “fight against excesses.”

60s of the twentieth century. brought a new theme to the VDNKh ensemble. The former mechanical engineering pavilion was rebuilt and renamed “Space”. The huge building with a parabolic arch and a large dome is notable for its expressive interior space. The theme of flights continues on Industrial Square, where there are models of the Vostok launch vehicle and the Yak-42 aircraft. Recently, a model of the Buran spacecraft appeared there.

Pleasant stay

The territory of the complex is so large and expressive (more than 300 hectares) that even a whole day is not enough to fully explore it. Every time you can discover something new here.

Last few VDNKh has been undergoing reconstruction for many years. The exhibition was combined with the Botanical Garden and

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