Tower of Babel. History of construction The height of the 124th floor of the Burj Khalifa

The tallest building in the world is located in Dubai - it is a skyscraper Burj Khalifa. Height of the Burj Khalifa skyscraper is 828 meters. This building has 163 floors: it is so high that it can be seen far beyond the city limits.

In January 2010, construction was completely completed and Grand opening towers. Initially it was planned as a “city within a city”, with its own parks, flower beds, and shops. Until the completion of construction, the height of the building was kept strictly secret. In total, construction of the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, cost more than $4 billion and took four years to complete, with an average construction rate of one to two floors per week.

Inside the skyscraper there are apartments, office buildings, shopping centers, restaurants and a hotel. There are three separate entrances - for the hotel, for offices and for apartments. The building contains several gyms, swimming pools, observation decks, some of which are equipped with a jacuzzi, nine hotels, several restaurants, including the Atmosphere restaurant. Due to the fact that the restaurant is located on the 122nd floor, it has become the highest restaurant in the world.

Initially, the skyscraper was to be called “Burj Dubai,” but at the opening ceremony, the then ruler of the Emirate of Dubai, Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum, said: “From now on and forever, this tower will bear the name “Khalifa” - “Burj Khalifa.” Thus, he forever renamed the skyscraper in honor of the man who had done so much for the now prosperous state of the United States. United Arab Emirates— Khalifa ibn Zayed Al Nahyan.

The Burj Khalifa skyscraper is not only the tallest, but also the most expensive skyscraper in the world! The creator of the project is American architect Adrian Smith, Samsung was the main contractor. Giorgio Armani himself worked on the design of the Armani Hotel, located from the first to the thirty-ninth floors. To build the tower, special concrete was invented that can withstand temperatures above 50 degrees. Due to the special formula, this concrete had to be laid exclusively at night; it is known that ice was added to it. The glass of the skyscraper is equipped with a special thermal system that does not allow dust and ultraviolet rays to pass through and helps maintain a constant temperature inside the Burj Khalifa. Not only is the air in the tallest skyscraper in the world constantly cooled and enriched with oxygen, it is also aromatized. Moreover, this fragrance was also developed specifically for Burj Khalifa and has a unique character.

There are 57 elevators in the building, but only the service elevator moves from the first to the top floor. Guests of the skyscraper have to move between floors with transfers. These elevators reach speeds of up to 10m/s.

In front of the facade of the tallest building in the world there is an artificial lake in which the Dubai Singing Fountain was opened - it is illuminated by almost 7,000 light sources and more than 50 spotlights.

Burj Khalifa observation deck, called “At the Top” and located on the 124th floor, offers visitors an incredible panorama of the city. From such a height, the new business center of Dubai, of which this skyscraper is the center, looks like a city from the future. You can enjoy this view on average for about an hour, which is exactly how long the walk lasts, tickets for which are sold in the lobby of the building. The cost of these tickets ranges from thirty-six (a regular ticket, for which there is usually a huge queue) to one hundred and ten dollars (by purchasing this ticket you can immediately proceed to the site without waiting in line).

It is not yet possible to say how soon a building taller than the Burj Khalifa will appear in Dubai , but today the skyscraper still retains this proud title and is the most tall building in the world.

Burj Khalifa at sunset

The construction of the skyscraper took place from 2004 to 2010. The Prime Minister of the UAE, who conducted the official opening, decided to dedicate the building to the President of the state, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al-Nahyan. Therefore, the original name of the Burj Dubai structure was changed to Burj Khalifa, which translates to Khalifa Tower.

The building project was developed by the American bureau Skidmore. Its author is Adrian Smith, who previously participated in the creation of the Chinese skyscraper Jin Mao. The general contractor was Samsung from South Korea.

According to the plans of the customers and architects, the tower was to become the tallest building in the world, so its design height was kept secret and changed several times in connection with the opening of other similar objects.

Construction of the Burj Khalifa skyscraper proceeded at a record pace - 1-2 floors per week. About 12,000 workers were involved in the work every day. The total cost of the facility exceeded 4 billion US dollars.

Architecture Features

The height of the Burj Khalifa skyscraper, announced at the time of opening, was 828 m (163 floors), although, according to rumors, the developers' plans included 940 m. Externally, the building resembles a giant stalagmite with a spire pointing skyward. The asymmetry of the lines is not only the architect’s idea, but also a technical move designed to reduce the impact of winds on the construction.

Another feature of the skyscraper is the lack of anchorage in the rocky ground. To create the foundation, suspended piles (two hundred units) 45 m long and 1.5 m wide were used. During the construction of the building, a special type of concrete was developed that has the ability to withstand high temperatures and loads.

Internal layout

In addition to technical floors and parking for 3,000 cars, the Burj Khalifa skyscraper contains: a hotel with 304 rooms (from the 1st to the 39th floor), designed by Armani himself; office premises (111-121, 125-135 and 139-154 floors); 900 apartments (44-72 and 77-108 floors); shopping centers, shops, observation decks, cafes, nightclubs, swimming pools, observatory, mosque and so on. For convenience, the building is equipped with three independent entrances.

Floor number 100 is entirely owned by billionaire Shetty from India; there are three apartments on it, the average area of each of them is 500 sq.m. The last tiers are dedicated to telecommunications equipment.

The 122nd floor of the Burj Khalifa skyscraper is occupied by the Atmosphere restaurant, which can accommodate up to 80 visitors. It is considered the highest located on the planet.

The highest (555 m) is located on the 148th floor Observation deck in the world. In order to get there and enjoy the panorama of the city, you need to purchase a ticket (cost for an adult is 125 dirhams).

In front of the skyscraper there is an artificial lake with a unique fountain. The area of the reservoir is 12 hectares. More than 6,000 light sources are used to illuminate the fountain, including colored spotlights, and its jets rise 150 m in height. All this is accompanied by national and world musical works.

Book a room in Burj Khalifa (Armani Hotel Dubai)

Technical equipment

Fireworks straight from a skyscraper

The technical equipment of the Khalifa Tower meets all modern standards and even surpasses them.

Passage from the skyscraper shopping center to the Armani Hotel

When glazing the building, special panels (26,000 pieces) were used that can reflect the sun's rays, keep out dust and prevent heating of the interior.

Air conditioning is carried out according to a special scheme: air is driven from the bottom up along the entire height of the structure, using underground cooling modules and sea water. As a result, the internal temperature is maintained at +18 °C. Simultaneously with ventilation, the air is aromatized; for this purpose, membranes are used in the air conditioning system and an exclusive perfume created for the Burj Khalifa.

Inside the elevator

A skyscraper is an energy-independent object. Complete self-sufficiency in electricity is achieved through the operation of solar panels on the walls of the tower and a 61-meter turbine, which rotates thanks to the wind.

The 57 elevators installed in the tower operate at a speed of 10 m/s. But only one of them, the service one, runs the entire height of the building, so residents and visitors have to make transfers.

Hall

Despite the impressive dimensions of the Burj Khalifa, in case of danger, all people can be evacuated from it in just 32 minutes.

Burj Khalifa is a futuristic skyscraper that combines cutting-edge technology and unprecedented luxury. This building, which is a record holder in many respects, is a must-visit for anyone who comes to Dubai, because from its windows you can see the entire city from a bird's eye view.

Promotional video about the Burj Khalifa skyscraper

Dubai is the most Big city United Arab Emirates, which is also the administrative center of the emirate of Dubai with a population of more than 2 million people. Located on the shores of the Persian Gulf, 130 kilometers north of the capital state - Abu Dhabi. Dubai is the largest business and tourist centre east. Two sea ports and the airport make the city easily accessible for entry, and a well-developed network of hotels and shopping centers makes living and doing business as pleasant and comfortable as possible. Dubai is famous for its modern hotel buildings and business centers. But which of the buildings in Dubai are the tallest? This will be discussed further.

1. Burj Khalifa 828 m - the tallest building in the world

The Burj Khalifa skyscraper (Dubai Tower) is the tallest building on our planet. The height of the skyscraper is almost 828 meters, and the building has a total of 162 floors. Yes, it's expensive. The cost of construction was more than 4 billion US dollars. The building project was created by the American company Skidmore. Owinhs amd Merill" in collaboration (until 2006) with the architect Adrian Smith. The special Y-shape allowed an open view of the Persian Gulf from most skyscraper windows. The building's mirrored glass, made in Syria, can withstand Dubai's high temperatures and prevent too much heat from letting in. Samsung, which built the skyscraper, previously built the Petronas Towers in Malaysia and many other tall buildings.

On January 17, 2009, the building reached its design height of 828 meters, and on January 4, 2010, this majestic Burj Khalifa tower was inaugurated. The building is famous for its high-speed elevators and unique electrical and water supply systems, thanks to which it is warm and cozy even on the upper floors of the skyscraper. The hotel located in the tower was designed by Giorgio Armani. The project provides that up to 12,000 people can live and work in the building.

The Burj Khalifa was installed during construction several world records:

How to build with the most big amount floors;
As the tallest building in the world;
Like the tallest building that stands free;
Like a building for which the concrete mixture was pumped to the greatest height.

In the next 10 years, such a large and tall building will not be built in the world.

2. Diamond Tower - Almas 360 m.

Almas Tower (in Arabic - Diamond Tower) is a 68-story skyscraper 360 meters high on an artificial island near Lake Emiraikh. Construction of the building began in 2005 and ended in 2008. Before the construction of the Burj Khalifa, the Almas Tower was the tallest skyscraper in Dubai. The project was developed by Attkins Middle East, which designed the entire island complex. Almas Tower was built by the Japanese Thaisei Corporation in collaboration with an Arab structures company. The Dubai Commodity Center, which commissioned the construction of the skyscraper, moved into the unfinished building on November 15, 2008.

Later, the Dubai Diamond Exchange, Dubai Gem Club, Dubai Diamond Exchanger and many other companies related to the production, sale and exchange of precious stones moved their offices to the building. Due to the special nature of the transactions taking place in the building, a special security system was installed and high level security. Almas Tower takes 8th place in the list of skyscrapers "Emporis awards".

3. Emirates Office Tower - 354.6 m.

The Emirates Office Tower, also known online as Emirates Tower 1, is a tall 54-storey building on Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai. It is connected to the 56-storey Emirati hotel with which it forms a complex of Emirati towers. Although the office tower is taller, it has 2 floors less than the hotel. The building reaches a height of 354.6 meters and has a roof height of 311 meters. Construction of the skyscraper began in 1996 and was completed on November 3, 1999. In total, design and construction lasted 52 months. The Emirates Office Tower is located in the financial center of Dubai. Developed by NORR and representing modern business architecture. During the design, NORR engineers consulted with architects from the UK, Australia and Canada.

The complex of Emirati towers was designed in the form of two equilateral triangles. The wall, curved to the full height of the building, offers views of the city. The towers are covered in special mirror anti-reflective glass. A complex of special lighting makes buildings look like lightning during twilight. There are working on the first floors of both towers shopping mall and a cafe. On the upper floors of the building there are offices of such famous companies as: Cartier, Rolls Royce, BMW and many others. Also located in the tower is the office of His Highness Sheikh Majid bin Rashid Al Maktoum. The Emirates Office Tower is the 23rd tallest skyscraper in the world.

4. Rose Tower - 333 m.

The Rose Tower, also known as the Rose Rayhan Rotana Hotel, is a 72-storey skyscraper with a height of 333 meters, located on Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai. From 2009 to 2012 it was considered the tallest hotel in the world. Its construction began in 2004 and was completed in 2007. On October 24, the design height was reached. With its spire, the Rose Tower is 22 meters higher than the Burj Al Arab.

Despite the fact that the decoration and equipment of the building were completed in 2007, the grand opening took place only on December 23, 2009. The customer was the international investment group Bonyan, which invested about 180 million US dollars in the building. The Rosa Rayhan Rotana Hotel was one of the first hotels in Dubai where you can drink alcohol freely. The hotel has 2 restaurants and a 24-hour café. In total, the building has 482 rooms, suites and penthouses. The Rose Tower is one of the largest and most comfortable hotels in the world.

5. Burj Al Arab - 321 m.

Another skyscraper in Dubai - Burj Al Arab (from Arabic - Tower of the Arabs) is a luxury sail-shaped hotel in Dubai. NOT the tallest, but practically the most famous - has long been business card of this city. Was named " the world's only 7 star hotel"and the fourth tallest hotel in the world. Burj Al Arab stands on an artificial island 280 meters from Jumeirah Beach and is connected to the city by a bridge. The shape of the building resembles the sail of an Arabian yacht. Located at an altitude of 210 meters Helipad. The place where the hotel is located was called Chicago Beach. This name comes from the name of the Chicago Bridge and Iron Company, which operated an iron oil storage facility on the site of the hotel. The old name was changed in 1997 when Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum announced a new one during construction. The Burj Al Arab was designed by architect Thomas Wright of WKK Architekts.

Design and construction were carried out under the direction of Canadian engineer Rick Gregory from WS Atkins. The filling of the island began in 1994. Tom Wright said:

“The client wanted the building to become one of the symbols of Dubai. This hotel will be like Sydney with its opera, London with Big Ben, Paris with Eiffel Tower simultaneously. This is necessary for the skyscraper to become synonymous with the name of the country.”

To ensure the stability of the building, 230 40-meter iron piles were driven into the sand. 70,000 cubic meters of concrete and 9,000 tons of steel were spent on construction. The Burj Al Arab is the third tallest hotel in the world (not counting mixed-use buildings). Despite its size, the hotel has only 28 floors with 202 rooms, the smallest of which occupies an area of 169 m2, and the largest 780 m2. The Royal Suite, with a cost of $18,716 per night, ranks 12th on the list of the 15 most expensive apartments in the world. While the hotel is called a “7-star hotel,” its management says it has never called itself that. According to the press secretary of the Jumeirah Group, under whose leadership the Burj Al Arab is located, the name “7-star hotel” was invented by a British journalist who visited the hotel during a press trip before the opening. The only certified 7-star hotel in the world is located in Milan (Italy). But even though the Burj Al Arab is officially certified only as a 5 star hotel, it was and remains one of the most beautiful and luxurious hotels in the world.

Dubai is a symbol of bringing business to beauty. The skyscrapers of this city are famous all over the world for their beautiful architecture, luxury and height. With their uniqueness they attract millions of tourists. They house best hotels and offices largest companies. Owning real estate in Dubai is not only profitable, but also very prestigious. Thanks to smart investment in urban development, Dubai is gradually becoming the business capital of the world.

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Yesterday, January 4, the world's tallest skyscraper, 828 meters high, the Burj Khalifa, originally known as the Burj Dubai, officially opened. If you list all the characteristics of a building, then almost every one will be “the very best in the world”: the tallest, the most expensive, the most luxurious, the most populated, etc., etc...

Burj Khalifa became the swan song of the “Arab oil miracle” - the budget for the construction of the skyscraper amounted to more than 4 billion dollars, and for the development of the adjacent territory more than 20 billion dollars. Curiously, it was recently announced that the emirate of Dubai is on the verge of bankruptcy. Well, then the Sheikhs came to the rescue and called the 828-meter building an anti-crisis building :)

By the way, if someone is planning to buy an apartment/office there, hurry up!!! There are very few of them left; according to some information, ≈90% of all veins have already been sold. area.

Construction lasted five years, and at first it was planned to build a building 600 meters high, but in the process, the customers realized that it was not worth investing so much money on the tower and every day they are afraid that this record will be broken even before the completion of construction, by some Japanese/Chinese/ Koreans. Therefore, with a light hand, they added another hundred meters, then another, and another, and a couple more meters, another flagpole... everything was increased by 228 meters - all that remains is to take off our hats to the designers, who each time recalculated all the loads of the structures.

Inside the spire

Giant's Spire

True, the upper residential floor ends at an altitude of 643.3 meters, and a spire with a height of 184.7 meters begins above, but the cunning Arabs do not advertise this “trifle”.)))

The photo was taken at an altitude of 828 meters :)

Here are some specifications Burj Khalifa:

Style: Modernism
Materials: structures – reinforced concrete, steel; facade – stainless steel, aluminum, glass.
Purpose: office and trade area, residential real estate and hotel.
Height: 828 meters.
Floors: 164 (including two underground floors).
Square: 3595100 sq. m.
The highest observation deck is located at an altitude of 442.10 m.
The Armani Hotel (the first of its kind) will occupy the lower 37 floors.
From the 45th to the 108th floor there are about 700 apartments.
The remaining floors will contain office and retail space.

Interesting facts about Burj Khalifa:

The skyscraper has the world's fastest 57 elevators. They are designed to serve their group of visitors to the Burj Khalifa - staff and attendants, cargo, office workers, visitors and residents of the building, VIPs.
Two-story observation elevators operate from the 124th floor - they can accommodate from 12 to 14 people. The ascent speed is 10 meters per second.
The construction of the tower required 330,000 cubic meters of concrete and 31,400 tons of steel reinforcement.
The tower is located in the center of an artificial lake
The Burj Khalifa has several recreational areas for visitors' relaxation - fitness and spa are located on the 43rd, 76th, 123rd floors, and on the 43rd and 76th floors there are swimming pools (the highest in the world), rooms for relaxation and other events.
The shape of the building plan (three rays emanating from the center) is based on a desert flower bud growing in this region.
The highest residential floor is 109.
The highest observation deck is located on the 124th floor.
The depth of the foundation piles is more than 50 meters.
The building's water supply uses recycled rainwater (about_0 rain in the desert?)
The tower will independently generate all its own electricity: for this, a 61-meter wind-driven turbine will be used, as well as an array of solar panels (partially located on the walls of the tower) with total area about 15 thousand m².
The building is equipped with special sun protection and reflective glass panels that will reduce the heating of the rooms inside (in Dubai there are temperatures of up to 50 °C). For air conditioning in the skyscraper, a convection system is used, driving air from bottom to top along the entire height of the tower, and sea water and underground cooling modules will be used for cooling. It is stated that the air temperature in the building will be about +18 °C.

Some videos about Burj Khalifa:

Thank you for your attention!
Article taken from Khazov.ru
Special thanks to Denis Khazov for this excellent article;-)

is a famous skyscraper over 800 meters high, built in Dubai in 2010. According to experts, this stalagmite-like tower is currently the tallest in the world.

Khalifa Tower is one of the most famous landmarks of the city, always popular with tourists from all over the world. This is truly a building masterpiece, demonstrating the power and wealth of the Emirates.

How was the Tower built?

The cost of this skyscraper is a total of $1.5 billion. This is a truly unique building, which is a real autonomous city in a metropolis. Burj Khalifa even has its own streets and parks with evenly trimmed lawns

The project was developed under the leadership of the world-famous US architect Adrian Smith, who has extensive practical experience in creating this type of high-rise buildings.

And the general contractor of the construction was the well-known Samsung from South Korea, which also participated in the construction of a number of famous skyscrapers in the USA, China and other countries.

Interestingly, the Burj Khalifa was built from the very beginning with the intention of making it the tallest in the world. Therefore, its final height was kept secret until the end, so that someone would not find out and build an even taller building.

In addition, in preparation for the construction of the Tower, a special concrete was invented that can withstand a constant ambient temperature of more than +50 C, and the concrete mixture was poured using ice.

During the entire construction process, public interest in this unique building was extremely high and gave rise to a lot of rumors and newspaper rumors. In addition, it is known that the builders were paid very little, which is why they periodically rebelled.

What's inside?

Today, the Khalifa Tower is the most important element of the business part of the city. Inside it there are offices and offices, hotels and restaurants, apartments and apartments, shops and boutiques, as well as swimming pools, gyms, Jacuzzis, etc.

The skyscraper even has its own atmosphere inside. Through grates in the floor, purified, cooled and aromatized air enters the rooms. The fragrance was also created by perfumers specifically for this Tower.

The skyscraper is glazed with energy-saving glass that does not let the sun's rays in, reflecting them. This allows you to maintain the coolness inside the building, which people in this hot country so desperately need. Glasses are washed every day.

There are more than five dozen elevators in the Khalifa Tower. Moreover, people living or working here have to take elevators with transfers, the architecture of the entire building is so complex.

Next to the skyscraper on the street there is a huge pond with a beautifully illuminated musical fountain, the height of which reaches 150 m. The fountain works to Arabic national music, as well as world modern and classical hits.

It is known that it rains very rarely in the Emirates; a small amount of precipitation falls only in winter. Therefore, the Burj Khalifa has a system for collecting not rainwater, but condensate that falls onto the surface of the building from the air.

This condensate is sent through the plumbing system to a special tank in the basement and is subsequently used inside the building for watering flowers and other plantings throughout the complex.

The Tower has the most floors in the world - 163. Previously, the record for the number of floors belonged to the New York Twin Towers, notorious for the fact that they were completely destroyed as a result of the terrorist attack on September 11, 2000.

Inside the skyscraper, on the 122nd floor, there is the famous Atmosphere restaurant. It operates above all the restaurants in the world. And on the 148th floor there is an observation deck, which is also the highest in the world - a height of more than 500 m.

Excursions to the Khalifa Tower

Tourists love to visit this unique skyscraper and not only for excursion purposes. Here you can stay in one of the hotels and have a great time relaxing, traveling through the floors and visiting local restaurants, saunas, places of entertainment, etc., although this pleasure is not cheap.

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