Innovations in aviation. The most interesting civil aviation projects of the future. Inspire to travel

Air transport Russia is due to its specifics - high and low density of the ground transport network. In regions such as North European Russia, Siberia and Russia, it is the main mode of transport.

Volumes sold passenger transportation, as is confirmed by domestic ones, are mainly determined by the level of economic development, measured by (GDP) of the country. In conditions of economic development or recession, the pace of development of passenger traffic, as a rule, corresponds to the rate of change, therefore the volume of passenger traffic is directly related to economic development.

The country's air transport, which carries out more than a third of the volume of passenger traffic, requires fleet renewal in the coming years, with the development of resources and technical obsolescence. shows that volumes passenger air transportation behind recent years increased by 75%, reaching the 1993 level. However, the positive trend is due to an increase in the volume of international air transportation, while the weight of domestic (regional) transportation is steadily declining. In Russia, with the constantly growing need for this type of air transportation, passenger turnover on domestic airlines decreased by 25% over 15 years (by 2006), and in 2007 by another 6% and amounted to 43% of total passenger turnover civil aviation Russia. These results do not correspond to practice large countries with vast territories where domestic air traffic forms the basis of all passenger air traffic. Over the past 15 years, the number of regional airports operating in the Russian Federation has decreased by more than three times, from 1302 to 351. At the same time, the level of deterioration of the infrastructure of the remaining airports reaches 75 - 80% and this leads to the destruction of interregional aviation connections and a significant decline in the air transportation market. half of the aircraft included in the state civil aircraft Russia, is in airworthiness. Old domestic aircraft make up 75% (2010 units) of this serviceable fleet, and almost 40% of these aircraft are regional aircraft (Tu-134, -24, -40). At the same time, the service of these ships, with all possible extensions of resources, ends with their complete write-off in the next 5 - 7 years (until 2015). With this level of depreciation of fixed assets, any technical and production system loses stability.

The way out of this situation is translation civil Russia on .

From all of the above it follows that research related to the organization and development of airlines in the air transportation sector is relevant.

Degree of knowledge of the problem. A sufficient number of works by domestic and foreign authors are devoted to the study of the problems of formation and development of innovative activities of enterprises. Currently, authoritative scientists are working on the problems of reforming civil aviation: Vasiliev V.A., I.F., Zherebin A.M., Isaev A.S., Kireev A.P., Koblov V.L., Kovalkov Yu.A. ., Kokoshin.A., Kotov V.G., Kuzyk.N., Kulichkov E.N., Mazulev V.A., Mayevsky V.I., Malkov S., Popov L.G., Rogov., Rogovsky E.A., Fedosov.A., Khrulev N.V., Khrutsky V.E., Chernavsky D.S., Pogosyan M.A., Novozhilov G.V., as well as other managers and specialists of the aviation industrial complex .

Through the efforts of many specialists, in particular V.M. Anshin, A.V. Vorontsovsky, V.I.Voropaev, O.N. Dmitriev, .Yu. Egorov, V.V. Kovalev, Yu.S. Kudinov, A.B. Idrisov, N.V. Igorshin, A.V. Popov, A.G. Porshnev, A. Karzhauvo, V.K. Senchagov, S. Surov, N. Folomiev, V.Z. Chernyak, A.D. Sheremet, V.M. Shitenkov, V.I. Tsurkov, Yu.V. Yakutin et al., solved the issues of economic and financial assessment of investment projects, which traditionally take place at the stage of innovative design associated with the preparation of feasibility studies of projects and their implementation.

Among the most important results obtained by the author and determining the scientific novelty of the research conducted, the following can be highlighted:

Modern features of the development of domestic civil aviation have been identified, which consist in strengthening the role of the innovative component in the activities of airlines and the need for the formation of innovative infrastructure in the field of air transportation has been substantiated;

Chapter 1. Theoretical and methodological foundations of innovative activities of Russian airlines in the field of air transportation

1.1. A comprehensive description of the evolutionary development of civil aviation in Russia and the air transportation sector

1.2. Features of organizing innovative activities of airlines in the field of air transportation

1.3 Principles for the development of corporate culture for managing innovative activities of airlines

List of used literature.

Application.

MAIN CONTENT OF THE DISSERTATION

1. Innovative activities in the field of air transportation mean the development of innovative ideas in the field of organizing air transportation infrastructure, the introduction of new types of aircraft that meet international requirements for operation on internal and external routes, the implementation of projects to introduce advanced information technologies for providing services to passengers and managing business with with the help of investments made by financial and private companies, taking into account interaction with government agencies. Currently, all innovative ideas, one way or another, are associated with high science-intensive technologies. Air transportation leaders are planning a large-scale renovation of aircraft based on the economics of their business, taking into account what kind of aircraft domestic airlines need. According to the transport and clearing house, for five months of 2007 the volume of passengers transported Russian airlines, grew by 16% and reached 14.15 million. Market participants predict market growth of 20% by the end of the year. The intensity of flights is also increasing. Over the past six months, it has increased by 13% compared to the same period in 2006 - up to 461 thousand. Aeroflot has the largest volume of passengers carried over the five months of 2007 (more than 22%), followed by S7 (12.3 %), Transaero (7.2%), State Transport Company Rossiya (7.1%), UTair (7%), VIM- (5%). Together control more than 60% Russian air transportation, and the growth rate of their production and financial indicators exceeds the growth rate of the entire market. , industry experts note, this does not mean that the leaders will remain unchanged in the near future.

2. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Theoretical basis formation of servicing by airlines of cargo-passenger flow on the transport spatial structure. [Text]/D.Yu. Erzakovich // Natural and Technical science No. 6, 2007, – pp. 29-32. – (0.38 p.l.)

3. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Formation of innovative activities of airlines in the field of air transportation. [Text] / D.Yu. Erzakovich // Questions of economic sciences No. 4, 2008, – p. 113-117. – (0.4 p.l.)

4. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Principles for the development of corporate culture of innovation management in airlines [Text] / D. Yu. Erzakovich // Sat. scientific Proceedings “Management of Innovations and Investment Activities”, 7. – M.: GASIS, 2007, – p. 86-95. – (0.6 p.l.).

5. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Leasing as a tool for investing in the innovative activities of airlines in the field of air transportation [Text]/ D. Yu. Erzakovich // Materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference " Modern Russia: and the state.” - M.: GASIS, 2006, – . 54-58. – (0.3 p.l.).

6. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Fundamentals of organizing innovative activities of airlines in the field of air transportation. [Text] /D.Yu. Erzakovich // Materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference “Current problems of the development of economic systems: theory and practice”, - M.: Institute of Economics RAS, 2008, - p. 41-47. – (0.35 p.l.).

7. Erzakovich, D. Yu. Creation of integrated innovations in the field of air transportation [Text] / D. Yu. Erzakovich // Materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference “Modern Russia: and the state”. - M.: GASIS, 2007, – p. 36-39. – (0.25 p.l.).

Paper format 60x90/16. Conditional oven l. 1.

Publishing house GASIS, st. Trifonovskaya, 57.

– Vadim Vyacheslavovich, what is the essence of the reform in the region’s cluster policy?

As you know, two high-tech clusters are already operating in the Ulyanovsk region, aviation and nuclear. We are combining them into one, innovative one, its core will be Technocampus 2.0. It will house engineering centers, pilot production and advanced educational institutions.

This will give new impetus to economic development. Such complex technological projects, designed for long-term effects, are the basis of our innovative future.

– How will these changes affect the aviation cluster participants?

We look forward to maintaining and growing positive dynamics aviation industry Ulyanovsk region. Recently, new hi-tech companies have entered the region, integrated into the cooperation chains of the aviation industry. The volume of shipped innovative products increased by 2.9 times, and labor productivity by 65%. Exports of aviation cluster organizations in 2013-2016 exceeded 21 billion rubles.

The innovation cluster allows you to combine the capabilities of industrial production with the latest technologies. For example, a major success in the development of the aviation cluster in the Ulyanovsk region is the creation of the Aerocomposite plant, which is unique and fundamentally new for our country. It has already begun production of a composite wing for the new generation MC-21 aircraft, which will improve its aerodynamic qualities, reduce weight characteristics and improve service life characteristics. Russian developers were the first in the world to manufacture an aircraft wing entirely from composite materials. No one in the industry has ever done this before.

Another significant participant in the aviation cluster is Promtekh-Ulyanovsk. The company is working to reduce the weight of cable and pipeline networks aircraft. And this is a significant factor in the competitiveness of products.

– The work of the Ulyanovsk delegation at MAKS-2017 has become very fruitful...

Yes, at the international aviation and space show, Governor Sergei Morozov concluded a number of important agreements that will undoubtedly accelerate the development of the regional aviation industry. Among the key agreements is an agreement with the Irkut corporation on intentions to create a customization center for MS-21 and Sukhoi Superjet-100 aircraft in the port special economic zone. This will entail the opening of new enterprises and will accelerate the development of the aviation cluster in the Ulyanovsk region.

I would also note the agreement with the United Aircraft Corporation on the formation of an industrial park on the basis of Aviastar-SP JSC. The plant is currently undergoing major modernization, investments in which have already exceeded 5.5 billion rubles. The production areas released during the optimization process will be used more efficiently: they will become an industrial park that will attract investment in the creation of new high-tech industries.

An innovative core of the world-class domestic aviation industry will be formed in Zhukovsky. This was stated by Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin at the MAKS-2011 air show taking place these days. It is expected that this center will include leading scientific design bureaus and institutes, as well as pilot plants.

The Russian authorities expect to create on the basis National Center aircraft manufacturing in Zhukovsky is a world-class research and production cluster of the domestic aviation industry, said Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, speaking at the opening ceremony of the 10th international aviation and space salon MAKS-2011.

“Here, in Zhukovsky, our National Aircraft Manufacturing Center is being created, which will include leading scientific design bureaus and institutes, and pilot plants. On the basis of the center, in fact, the innovative core of the domestic aviation industry will be formed, as we expect - world-class research and production cluster", - Putin said.

“Modest steps in this direction have already been taken: a road has been built, two bridges - this is the beginning", - the Prime Minister emphasized.

Let us note that transport logistics is a big problem for Zhukovsky. Air show participants complain that it is quite problematic to get to the venue.

The Prime Minister expressed the hope that “by the next air show, MAKS-2013, the building of the new headquarters of the Russian United Aircraft Corporation, as well as other facilities of the National Aircraft Manufacturing Center, will appear here.”

Regarding the issue of modernization, Vladimir Putin noted that the Russian authorities will continue to provide support to the Russian aerospace complex, which is a strategic priority for the country.

“The state has provided and will continue to provide support to the Russian aerospace complex. This is an absolutely strategic priority for us,” - Putin said.

According to him, only in 2009 - In 2011, more than 270 billion rubles were allocated for the development of the aviation industry.

“In terms of annual spending on space exploration, the country has taken fourth place in the world in terms of absolute investment volumes,” - the prime minister added.

He noted that even despite the crisis period, it was possible to ensure the advancement of all key projects with which the future of astronautics, as well as civil and military aviation, is connected.

Putin said that Russia is returning to programs for exploring the planets of the solar system and is expanding the Russian orbital constellation, including GLONASS satellites.

“Work is actively underway on the MS-21 aircraft project, this is a medium-range airliner with a wing made of composite materials, as well as promising Mi-38 and Ka-62 helicopters. Serial production of the Russian-Ukrainian An-148 aircraft in various modifications has been launched,” - said the head of government.

According to him, the consolidation of the aviation industry has been completed, and all enterprises and factories included in integrated structures have clear development prospects.

The pearl of the second day of MAKS-2011, which was attended by Vladimir Putin, was a fleet of Russian fifth-generation fighters T-50 PAK FA.

It is expected that the helicopters that the airline will receive under the contract will be used to meet the needs of the oil and gas industry, carry out flights related to installation work and firefighting, and will also be operated under contracts with the UN and abroad.

The head of Russian Helicopters, Dmitry Petrov, noted that the airline is “the largest civilian customer of helicopter equipment.” Currently there are more than 50 Mi-171s in the UTair fleet.

In addition, the Russian Helicopters holding company and Gazpromavia on Wednesday signed a general agreement on the supply of 39 Mi-8AMT helicopters at the MAKS-2011 air show in the presence of Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.

UTair Airlines also made happy “ Civil aircraft Sukhoi", having concluded a contract for the supply of 24 Sukhoi SuperJet-100 aircraft under a leasing scheme. The total amount of the transaction is $760.8 million at list prices, Interfax reports.

At the MAKS-2011 air show, the Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company also concluded an agreement with Gazpromkomplektatsiya for the supply of 10 Sukhoi SuperJet-100/95LR aircraft for the Gazpromavia airline. The deal is valued at $323 million at current list prices. Delivery of the aircraft is planned for the period from 2013 to 2015.

As part of the MAKS-2011 air show, the Ukrainian state-owned enterprise Antonov received a certificate for the production of Russian-Ukrainian regional passenger plane new generation An-158.

The development and construction of the An-158 aircraft was carried out by 34 Ukrainian enterprises, 169 Russian enterprises and other enterprises from 13 countries.

The An-158 is a modification of the An-148 short-haul passenger aircraft. Compared to its predecessor, it has increased the number passenger seats(up to 99), the passenger cabin has been lengthened, the volume of luggage compartments has been increased, and fuel consumption and operating costs have been reduced. The flight range with a maximum number of passengers is 2.5 thousand kilometers.

The air transportation market is growing rapidly, so designers regularly publish concepts for the flying transport of the future.

Aerospace giant Airbus has tested an unmanned flying taxi created as part of the Vahana project. The aircraft, called Alpha One, took off for the first time. The lift height was small - only 16 feet (4.9 m) - and Alpha One was in the air for only 53 seconds, after which it landed. Nevertheless, the aircraft performed all operations independently, in autonomous mode. The next day, the Vahana project team conducted another test takeoff of Alpha One, and it was also successful.

Airbus has reportedly launched this project to "democratize private flying" using all latest technologies, including machine vision and electric traction. Based on this concept, the Vahana team developed the Alpha One, an electric vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft for one passenger. The company's ultimate goal is to create a network of autonomous passenger drones, similar to the fleet of self-driving cars for ride-hailing services that Waymo is set to launch this year, but Airbus's project is even more ambitious.

However, before this happens, Airbus needs to continue to develop its technology and perform more flight tests, after which it can move on to testing horizontal flights.

Lockheed Martin & Aerion

A real battle is breaking out among developers of various manned aircraft over who will be the first to produce a supersonic aircraft that will become widespread. And recently, one of the largest manufacturers, Lockheed Martin, joined this race with its new supersonic business jet project.

Lockheed Martin is collaborating with Aerion on a new project, and the new aircraft will be called AS2. The main innovation in the production of the aircraft will be the design of three engines: two are located under the wings of the aircraft, the third is in the tail. This arrangement will have a positive effect on both the speed and aerodynamics of the future airliner. It is worth noting that Lockheed Martin engineers presented such a design back in 2014, but only now has it found a worthy application. In addition, the aircraft’s interior will be made to all standards corresponding to the premium segment, and, according to the creators, the flight from Los Angeles to Sydney will take only two hours.

Collaboration with Aerion was not accidental. The fact is that this company is one of the market leaders in the design of aerodynamic bodies, which is very important for any aircraft.

The founder of the American company SpaceX, Elon Musk, proposed using promising reusable BFR launch vehicles for passenger flights on planet Earth. According to Musk's Twitter account, thanks to such rockets, the flight duration between any two points on the planet will not exceed one hour. Today, many aircraft developers are working to significantly reduce flight time. The creation of “quiet” supersonic aircraft is being considered as the main way to speed up air travel. passenger aircraft. The first such aircraft should appear in the early 2020s and will reduce flight times on conventional routes by an average of two times.

According to a presentation published on the SpaceX YouTube channel, BFR rockets with passenger modules could be launched from offshore platforms. Passengers would be transported there by high-speed ships. After launch and entry into orbit, the detachable stages of the BFR rocket would return to the ground, and the passenger module would fly to a target outside the Earth's atmosphere at a speed of 27 thousand kilometers per hour.

Toyota decided to invest 350 thousand dollars in a project to create a flying car. According to NHK, this will help complete the development of the vehicle by 2019. The public premiere of the car could take place as early as 2020 at the Tokyo Olympics. According to preliminary data, the flying car will be called Skydrive. Several Toyota employees have been working on this project on a voluntary basis since 2012. The single-seater machine will receive four rotors, which will work in a similar way to modern quadcopters.

The maximum speed of Skydrive will be 100 kilometers per hour. The machine will be capable of taking off at a height of up to 10 meters. The car will also be able to travel on public roads.

It was previously reported that Toyota plans to create a hovercraft. It was assumed that this solution would reduce friction and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the motor and improve control.

On this moment Several companies are developing flying cars. Yes, this year it's like that vehicle was presented by the Slovak company AeroMobil. The development of the machine took 25 years. At the moment, the new product is already available for pre-order. Prices range from 1.2 to 1.5 million euros.

The AeroMobil automatically enters flight mode within three minutes. The power reserve in the ground version is 700 kilometers, and in the air version - 750. The maximum speed of the car is 160 kilometers per hour. Moreover, in air mode this figure reaches 360 kilometers per hour. The vehicle can accelerate to 100 kilometers per hour in 10 seconds. The weight of the car is 960 kilograms.

Boom

British billionaire Richard Branson supported the American company Boom in its development of a supersonic passenger airliner. The company presented a prototype yesterday of this aircraft, called the XB-1 Supersonic Demonstrator.

Financial and technical support for the project is provided by Branson's company Virgin Galactic. The first test flight of the airliner is scheduled for the end of next year, tests will take place in Southern California.

The prototype shown is a 1:3 scaled-down copy of the production model. The plane is made of composite materials and has only 40 standard first-class passenger seats, arranged one abreast.


It is expected that the new supersonic passenger plane will be able to cover the distance between London and New York in 3.5 hours, the road from San Francisco to Tokyo will take four hours, and from Los Angeles to Sydney it will be possible to fly in six hours.

“I have long been passionate about aerospace innovation and the development of high-speed commercial flight. Virgin Galactic is an innovator in space and it was an easy decision for them to work with Boom,” says Richard Branson.

 

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