Who are “dibuns” and what are they eaten with? Dibuna Historic District. Panorama of Dibuna. Virtual tour of Dibuna. Sights, map, photo, video Dacha Paradise and the Chimney Sweep Society

The first mention of the village of Dybun dates back to 1728... in connection with the Chernorechensky and Dybunsky iron smelting plants. It was in 1728 that deposits of swamp iron ore were found on Chernaya Rechka during the Copper Plant spill. In the area of the village of Dybun, two “domnitsa” (smelting furnaces) were built, which supplied the Sestroretsk arms factory with iron. (By decree of Peter I, fugitive peasants, captured soldiers and defectors were forcibly “planted”—resettled—on these lands.)

At the beginning of the 18th century, Peter donated the Aspen Grove manor to Admiral General Apraksin. In 1768, the Osinovaya Roshcha estate was bought by Count G.G. Orlov... In 1779, Catherine II gave these lands to Prince G.A. Potemkin... After Potemkin's death in 1791, the factories were transferred back to the treasury as his debt to the state. Then they were leased to an English merchant named Sharp, who was engaged in “iron flattening” (that is, steel rolling).

In 1797, by decree of Paul I, the plant was given into the possession of Major General Monakhtina and from that moment the plants ceased to exist. Later, the Aspen Grove manor belonged to Prince P.V. Lopukhin, Minister of Justice.

In 1807, Alexander I gave the lands along the right bank of the Black River, together with the village of Dybun, to Privy Councilor Ivan Grigorievich Dolinsky.

In 1833, Count V.V. Levashov received the Osinoroschinsky manor as a gift from Nicholas I, reigning at that time. The estate of Count Levashov was located in Osinovaya Roshcha... The count's estate in Osinovaya Roshcha is still preserved, although in a disfigured form. The earthen ramparts and ditches that were built to strengthen the estate are currently located on the territory of the military unit. Count Levashov lived on an estate, and on the territory of our villages at that time there was a dense pine forest.

The last owners of the Osinovaya Roshcha manor with villages on the left bank of the Black River were Countess Ekaterina Vladimirovna Levashova, the wife of Count Levashov’s son, and Princess Maria Vladimirovna Vyazemskaya, the daughter of Vasily Vasilyevich Levashov’s brother.

After the manifesto of February 19, peasants from the village of Dybun, registered with the landowner A.V. Levashova, agreed to buy out the entire plot. They were allotted 2,301 dessiatines of land, and a quitrent was imposed - 12 rubles per soul. Those peasants who could not buy the land went to the city to earn money. Thus, the income from the lands of the Osinovaya Roshcha manor fell every year.

Countess E.V. Levashova and Princess M.V. Vyazemskaya also began selling land in 1902.

Here are excerpts from the 1864 census: “Dybun at the Bezymyannaya River: 4 households, 9 men, 12 women”...

From the documents of the first general census of Russia in 1897, we learn that in Dibuny there were 41 households and 120 inhabitants. At the same time, a water mill is working, necessary for the needs of the peasants. Based on this fact, it can be judged that the Black River was full-flowing at that time; it began to shallow only with the cutting down of forests along the banks. There was also a bakery in Dibuny on the corner of Rechnaya and Novostroyek streets. Currently, one brick wall of this building has been preserved. There was also a “leaven establishment” with a German owner named Graiver. This establishment was located where the spring is now. The quality of water was valued even then, and in our time doctors have proven its healing properties.

Above the bridge near the Bezymianny stream, there were ponds adapted for trout breeding... On certain days, a driver came from St. Petersburg with a barrel in which trout was transported to the royal table.

At the same time, a timber exchange, many small handicraft workshops and a brick factory operated in Dibuny. It was founded in 1880, as deposits of valuable blue clay were discovered here, very close to the surface. IN late XIX century, the plant employed up to 200 workers, which was a large production. In 1936, the plant was closed: the raw material—valuable blue clay—ran out.
Until 1902, the area was built up chaotically; only on May 28, 902, at a meeting of the construction department of the St. Petersburg provincial government, a development plan for the village of Dibuny was approved. Among the dense forest lie Grafskaya, Pogragnaya, Klyuchevaya and Tserkovnaya streets.
On June 30 of the same year, the plan for the village of Grafskaya Colony was approved... At the request of the last owners, the main streets of the village were named Levashovsky and Vyazemsky Avenues, and the rest were named after the children and nephews of Count Levashov. The village belonged to the Osinoroschinskaya volost.
The villages grew, but neither Dibuny nor Grafskaya had platforms, although the road ran through their territory. The station, first of all, was needed in Dibuny, since it was necessary to export products from the brick factory. Here the platform was built in 1904, and a little later in Grafskaya.

In our villages, one after another, two churches began to operate. In Grafskaya, the church in the name of the Most Holy Seraphim of Sarov opened in 1904. The first priest was Nikolai Ivanovich Mironov, Vasily Yakovlevich Pavlov became the church warden.

In Dibuny the church was built and consecrated in 1914. The first priest was Pavel Konstantinovich Kharizamenov (repressed in 1930).

The proximity of the state border ensured order in the village: customs officers checked all passengers on trains traveling from Levashov to Beloostrov.

Based on the materials of the article “History of the foundation of the villages of Grafskaya-Dibuny-Pesochny”, L.F. Bronze.

Dibuny station opened in 1902. The wooden station building, based on a standard design by the architect Bruno Granholm, appeared in the same year, but was initially used for some time only for technical purposes. It was opened for passengers the following year - 1903. Then in Dibuny the construction of boarding platforms was completed, at which commuter trains began to stop. At first, the activities of the “Dibuny stop” (that’s what this separate point was called at the beginning of the 20th century) were subordinate to the head of the neighboring Beloostrov station, but soon Dibuny had its own boss, and the separate point itself was promoted to a station. By some miracle, the old wooden station has been preserved in Dibuny to this day.

The building of the former station Dibuns have not been used for their intended purpose for a long time. And since 2014 it has not been used at all.

DIBUNY AND GRAFSKAYA STATIONS

In 1905 (?), the wife of the Lieutenant General, Princess M. V. Vyazemskaya, née Levashova, and Countess O. V. Levashova divided into dachas an “empty plot with forest from the number of 93 dessiatinas 504 sq. fathoms”, which was inherited by them from their father, artillery general Count V.V. Levashov. This is how two stops appeared - Dibuny and Grafskaya (Pesochnaya), separated by the Chernaya River.

Over time, modest passenger traffic developed and by 1915 reached 9,300 people per month at Dibuny station, and at Grafskaya - up to 14,600 people. Trade movement has also increased. In 1913, 3,709 loaded wagons were sent from Dibuny station, mainly with cargo from the brick factory on Grafskaya.

In 1915, it was planned to reconstruct the tracks and buildings: the construction of a stone two-story station in Dibuny on the same side where the public shed was located and where the station, built according to a standard design, is now. The old station buildings were planned to be demolished. For the movement of goods, it was planned to build two warehouses. In the village of Grafskaya, on the land of O.V. Levashova, according to a 1904 project by civil engineer V.V. Sarandinaki, the Society for Religious and Moral Education built a wooden church to St. Seraphim of Sarov, which is now operational. The streets were named after family members of the land owners: Olginskaya (Tsentralnaya), Vladimirskaya (Shkolnaya), Andreevskaya (Oktyabrskaya), Ekaterininskaya and Leonidovskaya (Leningradskaya), and Levashovsky Avenue (Vyazemsky) ran through the center.

Passenger platforms in Dibuny and Grafskaya for long-distance and local trains were 250 m long, “low with a granite edge and an asphalt sidewalk.” In Dibuny, where the final stop of short-distance and local trains was supposed to be, a barn with a department of two warehouses was erected at the southern end of the banghof on the left side of the tracks. A turning circle with a diameter of 72 feet was provided between stations. A one-story wooden residential building with the necessary outbuildings was designed for six families of employees. The iron bridge at 418/24 kilometers, 10 meters long, is raised 45 centimeters. The bridge trusses have been rebuilt.

Estimates for the reconstruction of the station tracks were determined in the amount of 785,000 Finnish marks, of which 200,000 marks were allocated for preliminary work in 1914.

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Plans for the reconstruction of Dibuny station were hampered by the protracted First World War. And after the October Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent separation of Finland, the idea of expanding the station in Dibuny became completely meaningless - the volume of train traffic on the Beloostrovskaya line was significantly reduced. But they did not completely liquidate the station, which was opened at the very beginning of the 20th century. Having worked for some time as a stopping point (in particular, the schedule for 1928 indicated “Dibuny Square”), in the 1930s. the station comes to life again. Two pairs of morning commuter trains in the 1938 schedule they follow from Leningrad only to Dibunov:

Since devices for turning locomotives in Dibuny were never built, the locomotives serving these two pairs of trains followed the tender forward in one direction. This was allowed in some types of traffic, including commuter traffic.

As a freight station, Dibuny in the 1920s - 30s. did not have any serious significance, and with the closure of the main local shipper, the brick factory, in 1936, it lost it completely. All the work of the three-track separate point was reduced to the passage of suburban and transit freight trains, which were few in number at that time.

During the period of electrification of the Leningrad - Zelenogorsk section (1951), the track development of the Dibuny station was changed. The third path became a dead end. It was supposed to be used to change the control cabins of the electric section drivers, who were traveling only to Dibunov. To eliminate “cutting” routes with the intersection of one of the through main tracks, the third dead-end track was made average - it ran along the axis of the current second main track (trains currently follow it towards St. Petersburg). And the through route of the direction “to Leningrad” in the early 1950s. went around platform No. 2 from the south side. It carried both electric trains coming from Beloostrov, Zelenogorsk and Roshchino, as well as the flow of freight trains that increased from year to year. At the same time, with the launch of the electrified section to the Roshchino station (1954), the worthlessness of the “zone track No. 3 of the Dibuny station” became completely clear - this is what this dead end was officially called. By summer schedule In 1954, only one commuter train a day turned around in Dibuny - it arrived from Leningrad at 17.38 and departed back at 18.17. Therefore, they decided to get rid of the sophisticated route development scheme. The order to close “zone route No. 3” with the removal of the switches was most likely issued at the beginning of 1955 (the exact date was not given in the document). So the Dibuny station turned into a stopping point for commuter trains, remaining in this status to this day. Even-numbered trains (towards Leningrad/St. Petersburg) again ran along a completely straight line, restored according to the pattern that had existed since pre-revolutionary times. As a memory of past track development, massive welded metal supports of the contact network were preserved in Dibuny for a long time, installed at a considerable distance from the southern edge of passenger platform No. 2 (as we remember, another one passed from that side of the platform in the 1950s path). Over time, they were gradually replaced by more modern ones, installed in a standard size to the existing track. The remains of the “curved” main track, which bypassed platform No. 2 on the south side, remained at least until the second half of the 1960s, then they were finally dismantled.

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Grafskaya/Pesochnaya

Speaking about Dibuny station, it is impossible not to mention the Grafskaya stopping point, which appeared on the left bank of the Black River almost simultaneously with Dibuny. The boarding platforms and wooden passenger pavilion were built in 1904, and the distance from them to the Dibunovsky station was exactly one kilometer. To this day, no large-scale image of the passenger pavilion in Grafskaya has survived, but from a general photograph of the territory of the stopping point, one can judge that it was the most ordinary wooden station, of which there were many in those days on the road network of the Russian Empire. The picture of the outback was complemented by two narrow plank platforms and the absence of a pedestrian deck across the tracks.

But passenger traffic grew year by year, and by 1915 it significantly exceeded the similar indicators of the neighboring Dibuny station. Of course, a good stone station would also be needed in Grafskaya. All plans for the further development of this territory were crossed out first by the First World War, then by the revolution and the dramatic events that followed it. As if in a hurry to eradicate the memory of the past, already in May 1919 the question of renaming the stopping point was raised. At first they chose the name “Chernorechenskaya” - after all, the Black River flowed nearby. It soon became clear that such a separate point already existed on the Trans-Siberian Railway, within the territory of the then Tomsk Railway. After some deliberation, on August 1, 1919, a decision was made to rename the Grafskaya platform to the Pesochnaya platform. This name has been retained by the stopping point to this day.

For more than a hundred years of history, no good station building was built in Pesochnaya, and the time and circumstances of the loss of the original structure remain unknown. In the second half of the 20th century, on the high passenger platforms that appeared here in connection with the launch of “electric trains” between Leningrad and Zelenogorsk, there were rain canopies and ticket offices in small brick closets. At the end of the 1990s The ticket offices were closed due to unprofitability, but the awnings on the platforms still remain. During the reconstruction of the site for organizing the movement of high-speed trains "Allegro" in Pesochnaya and Dibuny, covered pedestrian bridges-galleries were built.

On a postcard published by Grafsko-Dybunsky P.O. in 1905, shows a newly constructed one-story wooden building, labeled "semaphore box." This object had nothing to do with the Grafskaya stopping point itself. The building housed the executive post of the neighboring Dibuny station. The employee on duty there controlled the wings of the entrance semaphore of the Dibuny station using levers and flexible rods. Since the semaphore was located on the other bank of the Chernaya River in relation to the rest of the station territory, the control post should have been right there. The further fate of the “semaphore booth” is not reflected in any documents. The structure could have been liquidated over time as unnecessary, or dismantled and transported somewhere else. It is interesting that near the modern Pesochnaya platform, on the same southern side of the railway. line, a wooden building of the early 20th century, similar in architecture, has been preserved to this day, used as a residential building. Perhaps this is the same “semaphore booth”...


General view of the Grafskaya stopping point. Reproduction of the early postcard. XX century	Stop point Grafskaya. View of the passenger platform in the direction “from St. Petersburg”. Reproduction of the early postcard. XX century	Surroundings about. p. Grafskaya. “Semaphore booth”, belonging to the facilities of the neighboring Dibuny station. Reproduction of a postcard from 1905 ed.

General view of the Pesochnaya stopping point. Photo: Verevkin D.Yu., 07/09/2015	Covered pedestrian bridge-gallery of the Pesochnaya stopping point. Photo: Verevkin D.Yu., 07/09/2015	The building of the former “semaphore booth” in the vicinity of the square. Pesochnaya one hundred and ten years later. On the end wall, a tightly sealed opening to the porch that existed previously is clearly visible. Photo: Verevkin D.Yu., 05/31/2016

/ Material prepared by D. Veryovkin. Last update from 06/01/2016 /

The villages of Pesochny and Dybuny, located in close proximity to our city and having a common historical development, celebrate their centenary in 2002. The countdown dates back to 1902, when the plan for settling “Grafskaya” was announced by agreement with the peasants of the village of Dybunok (as written in the document) and the owner of the land in Lisiy Nosu and the village of Dybuny, Count A.V. Stenbock - Fermor.

Naturally, this area was inhabited long before the founding of the Grafskaya railway station. Its historical past should be considered only in conjunction with the history of the region, the Karelian Isthmus.

Since ancient times, various Finno-Ugric tribes lived here. From the 8th century the Slavs appeared here. The settlement of the Slavs, as researchers note, took place peacefully; the Vod, Chud, Izhora and others tribes were not displaced or exterminated, since there was enough land and land for everyone.

For almost the entire 17th century, our region was under Swedish rule, called Ingria. During this period, the influx of Finns to our region increased. After the end of the Northern War (in 1721), according to the Decrees of Peter, the Russians were resettled to the territory of the Karelian Isthmus conquered from Sweden. Of course, being in close contact, ethnic groups influenced each other. Therefore, much in common can be found in their culture, traditions, rituals, way of life and even languages.

Materials from census books of the 1740s make it possible to determine the approximate population of villages.

A most interesting document from the history of the village of Dybuna, St. Petersburg province, has been preserved. and the county. This village in 1779 was surrounded by a common district with the Beloostrovskaya patrimony by land surveyor Captain Mikhailo Dyakonov with its arable lands, hayfields, forests and other lands, which were, by all-merciful grant, in the eternal and hereditary possession of the Privy Councilor of the Karger of the Collegium, Ivan Grigorievich Dolinsky.

According to the revision tale, in the village there were: 4 courtyards, in which lived 8 male souls, 8 female souls.

In the middle of the 19th century, two villages of Dybun were located on the banks of the Black River. One was located on the left bank and the lands belonged to Countess Avdotya Vasilyevna Levashova. According to the registration number, the village was No. 432, belonging to the Osinoroshchinsk volost. The other was located on the right bank of the river and belonged to the retired guard captain Ivan Ivanovich Vashutin, who also owned Fox Nose, these villages belonged to the Staroderevenskaya volost. The village of Dybun had a census registration number of 433.
After the death of Vashutina, the village of Dybun was inherited by N.K. Brunner (by Vashutina’s first marriage).

According to the charter issued to the peasants of the village of Dybun by the landowner Vashutin, 9 male peasants lived in the village, for whose use a land plot was allocated.
At the end of the second half of the 19th century, there was a significant increase in the population in St. Petersburg, caused by the liberation of peasants from serfdom (February 19, 1816), the construction of the Finnish Railway (September 11, 1870), and the development of the factory industry. Brick factories, tanneries, sawmills and paper mills are being built in the suburbs.
In the lists of populated places in the St. Petersburg province, according to materials from 1896, Dybun is a peasant village, a dacha area near Chernaya Rechka, which belonged to the Osinoroshchinsk volost of the St. Petersburg district. It had 41 households, in which 51 males and 70 females lived. A total of 121 people.

The first census of the Russian Empire in 1897 shows that the population of the villages has grown significantly. This was facilitated by the Finnish Railway, opened in 1870, connecting St. Petersburg with Vyborg to Beloostrov. Its length across the province is 36 miles.

The area was intensively populated by summer residents.

In 1896, there was a brick factory in the village, owned by M.V. Vyazemskaya, it employed 200 people, brick production amounted to 38,874 rubles per year. There was also a water mill, the remains of which have survived to this day.

Towards Finland, dacha-type settlements began to expand and be rebuilt. Due to the high cost of St. Petersburg apartments, many summer residents, who, due to necessity, had to visit St. Petersburg every day, remained at their dachas for the winter. Prices for dachas were set in a wide range, starting from 75 rubles and ending with 1,500 rubles per summer. The most expensive ones were located in Ozerki, Shuvalovo and along the shore Gulf of Finland in the Terijok area.

The sharp increase in the cost of land in the suburbs of St. Petersburg pushed many land owners to sell them off.

In 1902, the owners of the Aspen Grove manor, Countess Ekaterina Vladimirovna Levashova and Princess Maria Vladimirovna Vyazemskaya, allocated 404 plots of land belonging to them, 1 dessiatine (2400 sq. Fathoms) each, for sale for private development, at a price of 50 kopecks per square fathom .

The founded settlement of Grafskaya was located on the left bank of the Chernaya Rechka and belonged to the Osinoroshchinskaya volost.

On the plan of the village, developed in 1902, the central avenue was named Vyazemsky, and the remaining streets were called: Zheleznodorozhnaya, Andreevskaya, Zavodskaya, Vladimirskaya, Lidinskaya, Mariinskaya, Olginskaya, Ekaterininskaya, Levashovskaya, Borisovskaya, Dmitrovskaya, Fedorovskaya, Lesnaya, Leonidovskaya, Bezymyanny Lane .

Count Alexander Vladimirovich Stenobok-Fermor, who owned lands along the right bank of the Black River, as well as the estates of Lakhta and Fox Nose, also decides to sell part of the land to establish a holiday village on it. 91 land plots of one dessiatine each were prepared for sale. The village was located on the right bank of the Chernaya River and on both sides of the Finnish Railway passing through it. From the northern and southwestern The lands of Sestroretsk peasants adjoined the village on both sides.

Among the dense forest lay the first streets of the village of Dibuny: Grafskaya, Nizhnyaya, Novgorodskaya, Zheleznodorozhnaya, Dibunskaya, Skorodumovskaya, Tserkovnaya, Klyuchevaya, Pogranichnaya.

During its existence, the village in different time had different (according to documents) names: Dybunok, Dybun, Dybuny, Dibuny.

In 1901-1902 Development plans have been developed. The sale went briskly, and deforestation began. Already in 1903-1905. Intensified construction of both villages began. Of course, people with means acquired the land and built the buildings: officials. merchants, clergy. These are Luskarev, Cherkasov, Kolokolov, Makarov, Ornatsky, Fidelin, Osinovatikov, Dresler, Pavlov, Hartman, Lytkin and others. The plan for the village of Dibuny was approved on May 28, 1902.

At the same time, the descendants of Count Levashov are also selling their lands for summer cottages. On May 30, 1902, at a meeting of the Construction Department of the St. Petersburg Provincial Board, a development plan for the village of Grafskaya was approved. The plan for approval on behalf of the last owners was presented by the manager of the Osinovaya Roshcha estate, F.F. Kolye. By order of the descendants of Count Levashov, the village was given the name “Count Colony”, the main avenues were named in honor of the last owners of our area - the Levashovs and Vyazemskys, and the streets were named after the children and nephews of Count Levashov. The name of the village Grafskaya colony did not take root among the population; the name remained - Grafskaya.

So on the map of St. Petersburg Uyezd in 1902, two new dacha villages appeared at once: Grafskaya and Dibuny.

Soon, Societies for the Improvement of Dacha Areas, the Grafsko-Dibunskoye Voluntary Fire Society, and the Consumer Society were established in both villages.

In 1908, it was allowed to open a Dybun post office. A little later and the telegraph. In the villages of Grafskaya and Dybun in 1908, there were 23 trading establishments on 29 streets. Since 1906, many societies have been opened:

Society of ordinary people and voters of the St. Petersburg district in the village of Dybuny
Society of Journeymen and Watchmakers
Gardeners Society
Society of junior hospital staff and even chimney sweeps.
Society of Brass Music Lovers

Many were closed after 3-4 years.

In 1912, a telephone exchange, an outpatient clinic, a telegraph office, and a post office operated in the village of Grafskaya. First Primary School in the village Grafskaya was opened in 1906. In January 1910 in the village. The Count's Zemstvo school was opened.

In the village of Grafskaya, a church was erected in the name of St. Seraphim of Sarov (1904) and the Peter and Paul Church in the village of Dibuny (1914).
In 1902, the first station was built in the village. Dibuns as they are now (except for railway platforms). Following this station, in 1912 a station was built near the village. Grafskaya, which was rebuilt several times.

In 1938, the village of Grafskaya, like the station, was renamed the village. Sand.

Residents of the villages witnessed the 1st Imperialist War, and some of the Japanese, revolutionary events and civil war, the first five-year plans and collectivization, the harsh times of the Finnish and Great Patriotic Wars, cold and hunger, bombing and shelling of besieged Leningrad.

With the establishment of Soviet power, Akhanov, Mikhailov, Bogdanov, and Stupin took on the organizational role. Akhanov was elected the first chairman of the village council. In 1921 - 1923 I.M. Mikhailov was elected chairman of the village council.

Pesochny - Dibuny during the Great Patriotic War: (according to the recollections of village residents)

During the Great Patriotic War, Pesochny and the Dibuns suffered everything that the whole country suffered, adding to the general misfortune was the blockade and one more makeweight: the Great Patriotic War was preceded by the Winter Finnish war. This touch of history also affected the residents of Pesochny and Dibuna.

The now deceased, local historian, resident of the village of Dibuny, Georgy Ivanovich Volkov remembered that winter well.

“Winter started early that year. Already in mid-November there were severe frosts. A squad of Red Army soldiers was moved into our house. They lived in our house until November 29th. At night, on the eve of the start of the war, the movement of troops and artillery could be heard. One could feel the approach of war. The authorities of the Village Council notified all residents to paste strips of paper with a cross on their windows so that the glass would not crack when guns were fired or shells exploded.

At dawn on November 30, 1939, we were awakened by the beginning of the artillery preparation: they were shooting from the forest, from the highway where the guns were installed, powerful volleys of large-caliber guns from the forts were simply deafening. By evening, a glow could be seen in the direction of Beloostrov: villages on the other side of the border were burning.

Passenger trains did not run: the Dibuny station received the first wounded and frostbitten, and trains with troops and equipment were heading towards Finland.

I remember sparrows that froze in 40-degree frost, frozen loaves of bread, and flashing white and red bandages in the doors and windows of ambulance trains heading towards Leningrad.”
Before the war, many military units were located in the village, since the state border passed nearby.

On the site of today's VMG there were summer camps, and during the war, spare parts of the 23rd Army were located here. Opposite the modern Institute of Oncology there was a dog kennel; they were trained for service on the border. Opposite there was a military unit, but with the beginning of the war it was relocated. In the first days of the war, units of the 291st Infantry Division were stationed in the village. The division headquarters was located in house No. 8 on Pervomaiskaya Street (opposite the church).

The first day of the war remained in the memory of all the people as a day of terrible contrast - sunny, friendly weather on Sunday and the terrible news that cut into the consciousness of every person - WAR!
Maria Makarovna Blek and her classmates graduated from 10th grade at the Pervomaisk school that day. The prom took place in the club (the club was then located in the church building). Dancing to the tune of a military band from a nearby military unit lasted all night. At 4 o'clock in the morning the military band quietly left and the graduates continued their celebration accompanied by a radio until 7 o'clock in the morning. Only at 6-7 o'clock in the morning did they begin to go home. At 11 o'clock Molotov's message was broadcast on the radio, and everyone heard that the war had begun. We were at a loss and still did not believe that it was so serious. We thought that tomorrow or a little later “the enemy will be defeated.” The first summonses for mobilization arrived, many men were already standing at their gates and waiting... "

"Silence. And then the first planes with swastikas appeared. They were small planes, they flew up quietly low altitude, bombed a military town, hit a pigsty and food warehouses. We still had the courage to laugh at the grief of the warriors that they were fighting with pigs.”

According to the information provided to us by the Sestroretsk military registration and enlistment office, about 700 people from Pesochny and Dibuna went to the front. Almost every family sent a son, husband, brother or relative to war.
Residents of our village remember how five people from the Rakhmanov family (on the corner of Sovetskaya and Zheleznodorozhnaya 24/2) went to the front - sons Alexey, Arkady, Ivan, Vladimir, nephew Nikolai. Only two returned - Ivan and Vladimir. Moreover, during the war there was an anti-aircraft gun in their yard near their house. Relatives and friends escorted Andrei Fedorovich Kucherov, Leonid Shustov, the Tsygankovs - Ivan, Alexander and Vasily, Vasily Mysikov, Ivan Borisov, Ivan Kustov, Alexey Blek, Alexey Vinogradov, Georgy Volkov and many others to the front.
Resident of Dibunov, blockade survivor Elena Ivanovna Karko remembers her classmates who fought near Beloostrov. This is Nikolay Morozov, Erke Ligolainen, Nikolay Ivanov.
Young girls also went to the front from Pesochnaya - Alexandra Chelysheva, Evgenia Kovalenko, Alexandra Vodneva and others. Yulia Drunina said about such girls:

“Thin, awkward, touchy
I came to the trenches
And she was shy and strict
My regimental youth."

On the evening of June 22, Chelysheva Alexandra was given a summons; the next day she had to appear at the Pargolovsky military registration and enlistment office. All night the parents prepared their daughter for the front and saw off their youngest.
On the platform in Pargolovo, she was surprised at how her parents grew old overnight.

Alexandra Vasilievna had to fight for both Leningrad and the Caucasus, and reached Berlin safely. “During 3.5 years of war, I carried the wounded from the battlefield in my arms, on drags, and in my small tank...”

The village of Pesochny and Dibuny became frontline and a significant part of the population was evacuated. In August, the residents of Dibunov were evicted to Levashovo, since our villages were regularly shelled by Finns from the border Beloostrov. As a result of artillery shelling, more than 60% of residential buildings were destroyed and many village residents were killed. Old-timers of the village, in particular Elizaveta Vasilievna Korableva, showed where in her house a shell pierced the veranda and entered the wall of the house, and her neighbors, the Polosukhins, had the roof of their house blown off by a shell (Tsentralnaya St., no. 16, 16a). And many more such examples can be given. The area of the Dibuny railway station, where the barrage detachment was located, was especially often shelled and people came there from Levashovo armored trains, they pulled behind them an armored platform with a gun mounted on it. They fired from this gun across the front line in order to identify enemy firing points and quickly went back.

From the first days of the war, according to the recollections of our old-timers, work began on the construction of defensive structures in Pesochny and Dibun. Trenchmen came from Leningrad, dug shelters and trenches. Residents remember that two bunkers were installed at the corner of Leningradskaya and Sovetskaya streets, and a huge dugout was dug opposite the market to provide shelter from bombing. In courtyards and near houses, trenches were dug for defense, thereby damaging vegetable gardens, which affected the harvest.

In the Kamenka area, pillboxes were built, from which our soldiers fired at the territory occupied by the enemy. These pillboxes have survived to this day.
An anti-aircraft battery was located in Pesochnaya, its commissar was Mikhail Mikhailovich Levichev. A fascist plane was shot down by fire from his battery on the second day of the war. This plane fell in (according to the recollections of some - in Sertolovo, Chernaya Rechka, others claim - in the area of a tank regiment, the version of others - in Aspen Grove), the pilots were taken prisoner (Yu-18 plane). This plane turned out to be the first aircraft shot down during the Great Patriotic War.

Local residents, mostly young people of non-conscription age, were on duty with weapons in their hands at all intersections of the villages, on the bridges over the Chernaya River. We were on duty in twos, it was safer that way. Maria Makarovna Blek recalls how her friend lost an eye from inept handling of weapons when they were on duty on the bridge near a tank regiment. A sentry stood at the spring around the clock, protecting the spring from pests.

Children handed out summonses, cleared snow for units to pass through, children and adults were sent to Gruzino, Garbolovo, Lembolovo for logging, hungry and exhausted, they barely returned home.
The soldiers of the units located in the villages provided great assistance in the life of the villages. In 1942-1943, for the needs of the front, a dam and a power station were built on the river in the village, which provided electric light to the village. Electricity in the villages appeared in selected places in 1925, and during the war, with the help of soldiers, electricity came to the village for everyone.

The terrible winter of 1941-1942 fully affected our villages. People were starving, entire families were dying of hunger, but still the soldiers of the military units supported the population with food as best they could. Old-timers remember the canteen in the tank regiment, where they really pitied the exhausted children, and they remember the canteen on Sovetskaya Street.

Our resident Sergeev Yuri Aleksandrovich was a thirteen-year-old teenager at that time. He remembers how he brought a huge ficus flower from home to this dining room and asked for at least some food for it. They gave him some millet porridge with vegetable oil. It was very difficult to resist swallowing such a portion at once, but he stretched out the pleasure and thought: “When the war ends, all my life I will only eat such delicious millet porridge with vegetable oil.”

When a health camp for weakened children from Leningrad was opened in Pesochny in 1942, soldiers from nearby units gave up part of their rations to support the children.
Elena Alekseevna Totikova led the village at the beginning of the war, then she went to military service in the rifle division and Maria Alekseevna Vinogradova became the chairman of the village council. It is worth paying tribute to her ability to lead the village.

Residents recall that during the war there was a bathhouse, a health camp for children, and the Ochag kindergarten. Raisa Lvovna Shikhova remembers how she went to school during the war. The school was in the building where the Municipal Council is now located in Pesochny. Her first teacher was Serafima Ivanovna Rakhmanova.

During the war, the Pervomaiskaya school in Dibuny housed a military hospital, and since 1943, high school children studied in Levashovo and Pargolovo.

In the first year of the war, a bakery operated on Rechnaya Street, and since 1942 the bakery was already in Levashovo.

During the war, medical care in the villages was provided by the doctor Maria Nikolaevna Slonimskaya. The hospital was located on Zavodskaya Street.
As has already been noted, the residents of Dibuny were evacuated to Levashovo, and units of the 291st Infantry Division were stationed in the village. The division headquarters was located in house No. 8 on Pervomaiskaya Street (opposite the church).

1 Special Battalion was formed on September 1, 1941 in 6 “formidable” hours in the Leningrad Baltic Fleet crew. The crew numbered 960 people. The structure of the battalion was as follows: command and headquarters of the battalion, 3 rifle and one mortar companies, machine gun, utility, commandant platoons, as well as a communications platoon and sanitary service. Later, the battalion was included in the 291st Rifle Order of Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky Red Banner Gatchina Division. The surviving documents and materials have left us with the memory of their courage, perseverance and dedication.

On the night of September 9, the 1st Special Battalion was hastily transferred to Kamenka near Beloostrov. Such a hasty transfer of the battalion was caused by the fact that Beloostrov, captured by the enemy on September 4 and recaptured by us the next day, was again in the hands of the enemy. The capture of this station created a threat to the entire defense line of the 291st division.

On the evening of September 12, 1941, the 1st Special Battalion was given a combat mission: to capture Beloostrov on September 13 and gain a foothold on the left bank of the Sestra River.
In this battle, the battalion lost more than half of its strength (about 400 people). It was not possible to take Beloostrov, but the tenacity, courage and heroism shown by the sailors, and the losses inflicted on the enemy in this battle, forced the Finns to temporarily stop offensive operations on this section of the front.

On September 20, 1941, the 1st Special Battalion again took part in the assault on Beloostrov, and the station was recaptured. Beloostrov, together with Sestroretsk, has become unshakable northern border Leningrad until the victorious offensive of our troops in 1944, when Vyborg and the entire Karelian Isthmus were liberated. The battle path of the 1st Special Separate Battalion of sailors of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet was still long.

So who were those people who did not allow the enemy to advance one step forward in their area?

The glory and pride of the Red Navy was intelligence officer Ionidi, who died in October 1943.

The legendary brave man Tsybenko is buried at the military site of our Pesochinsky cemetery.

The glory and pride of the battalion were also the commander of the rifle company Azarov, the commander of the mortar company Safonov.

Nurses also showed miracles of heroism: Valya Potapova, Anya Dunaeva, Klava Pervova. They pulled out, provided first aid, and sent hundreds of wounded to rear hospitals. Anya Dunaeva died on December 8, 1941, while saving a wounded soldier in battle. She is buried at the military site of the Pesochinsky cemetery.

In one of the battles, the battalion telephone operator Lyubov Olsheva showed true courage and heroism.

The renowned hero of the battalion was sniper A. Malko, one of the pioneers of the sniper movement on the Lenfront. In the divisional newspaper “To Fight for the Motherland” in the winter of 1942 it was written: “Junior Lieutenant A. Malko, personally destroyed 53 White Finns.”

One could list many exploits of brave sailors, there are an infinite number of them.

It was the residents of the village of Pesochny, Nikolai Morozov and Novikov, who also fought near Beloostrov. Ligolainen Erke died in the swamps near Beloostrov, literally in the last seconds they rescued Alexey Vinogradov from the swamp, who miraculously survived.

When the soldiers pressed like shadows
To the ground and could no longer tear themselves away, -
I was always in such a moment
One nameless man who managed to get up.

This was Commissar Ivan Petrovich Lobachik, who fought and died for our area. He died in battles near Beloostrov. Political instructor Ivan Petrovich Lobachik raised the fighters to attack, in this battle he was shot by a sniper and was taken prisoner unconscious. After some time, the soldiers were able to return the mutilated body of the political instructor, but he was already dead.

Ivan Petrovich Lobachik was buried at the Pesochinsky cemetery; the bodies of many nameless soldiers rest here.

The war caused significant destruction to the village, but the most important thing is that our fellow countrymen died on the war fronts. A funeral was taking place in the village. They did not pass the Kustov house either - father and son died, Ivan Borisov went to the front to avenge his father who died of hunger and also died, it is difficult to list everyone, some died already in Berlin. Maria Makarovna Blek remembers her classmate Nikolai Ivanov, he graduated from Yaroslavl flight school, went through the entire war and died during the storming of Berlin. While in Kingisepp for work, Maria Makarovna met her friend from Pesochinsky, Vasily Tsygankov, who also died in a foreign land.

Eternal memory to all those who died!

An ominous word has entered the everyday speech of both the residents of Pesochny and Dibuna - BLOCKADE.

Old people, children, women, and disabled people remained. The memories of all the siege survivors are the same - hunger, cold, fear and work, work, work.

Everyone remembers how they went to the collective farm fields in Novoselki, collected cabbage leaves, rotten fodder beets, collected spruce branches, brewed them with boiling water and drank this drink. For some reason, potatoes grew poorly during the war,” recalls Lidiya Alexandrovna Alekseeva; most of all they planted cabbage, turnips, and picked sorrel and nettles. We literally crawled through the swamp for cranberries, there was a danger of getting hit by bullets.

Maria Makarovna Blek remembers it as a great success when she managed to exchange her wristwatch for a kilogram of unpeeled oats.

During the blockade, the local population received food using ration cards in the city. Elena Ivanovna Karko remembers how difficult it was to walk exhausted to Udelnaya. There, in the Vyborg supermarket, we received food. Several people were walking, as there were cases where people disappeared. We had to stand for food for a long time, sometimes we spent the night in queues. Elena Ivanovna remembers how her classmate, Kolya Titov, died before her eyes in a line for bread; he was 17 years old at the time. He was buried in a mass grave in our cemetery.

Shkurskaya Alexandra Fedorovna remembers how they baked pies from sawdust and ate the meat of killed horses.

Our blockade survivors remember that there were cases of insanity in the village due to hunger, and there were cannibals who kept the entire village in fear.

Throughout the war, all 900 days of the blockade, Alekhnovich Elena Ivanovna lived with her mother and brother in Dibuny. Throughout the war, Evdokia Andreevna Taranovskaya worked in Dibuny on the railway. I had to work with my three-year-old daughter, because it was impossible to leave the girl alone. I was on duty at night, and a terrible fear remains in my memory. Throughout the war, Tatyana Aleksandrovna Shishigina worked in logging.

Those who are now called “CHILDREN OF WAR” also share their memories.

They call you: “Children of War.”
Your first step was scorched by the war.
The bomb hit the first dreams,
The gun was firing right at my childhood.

Raisa Lvovna Shikhova was precisely that child when the war announced itself in the village of Pesochny with a terrible explosion - a bomb fell near the village.

After breaking the blockade, it became easier, recalls Lidiya Aleksandrovna Alekseeva. There were some silver linings; youth took its toll.

Lida was the first harmonica player in the village; not a single wedding was complete without her harmonica. In the kindergarten, they organized Christmas trees for the children, performed with the propaganda team from the Pargolovsky House of Culture in units, and could always earn a bar of laundry soap.

In addition to fear and hunger, the youth of the village had another life. In Dibuny, in the barrage detachment, dances were organized, the ringleader in the village was she, the accordionist Lida, now Lidia Aleksandrovna lives in Sestroretsk. Local girls went to dances in a tank regiment. During the war, the famous People's Artist of the Soviet Union, Strzhelchik, served there.

In the terrible year of 1942, a cartoonist came to the front line to visit the soldiers of the rifle division in Pesochny. The battle had just ended and the soldiers gathered in the dugout to meet with the master of caricature. He took a large sheet of paper, attached it with pins to the log wall, waved the stylus as usual, and exactly ten minutes later a scathing caricature of Hitler appeared on a blank sheet of paper. It seemed that even the walls shook with laughter. And the artist does not give the audience a break - he immediately depicted Goebbels and Goering, and when they laughed it off, snipers approached the artist and asked him to draw caricatures of the leaders of Hitler’s Reich on huge gauze panels.

As soon as it got dark, the scouts hung these caricatures in no man's land.

In the morning, as soon as it was dawn, laughter was heard from the enemy trenches, and then the Germans opened indiscriminate fire - they hit their Fuhrer with direct fire! Thus, they gave away their firing points. And then, seeing that firing was of little use, they attacked the drawings. This was just what our snipers were waiting for in the ambush. Many fascists died in that battle. So sometimes laughter literally kills.

This front-line episode, when laughter literally decided the outcome of the battle, was helped by the front-line artist Galbe.

They waited a long time for Victory Day, but when it came, some sense of obligation was added to the general joy - VICTORY!

After all, it couldn’t have been otherwise. After all, for 4 long years this feeling that we would win was present for granted.

Pesochin residents remember this day like this. “Driving past Pargolovo, all the passengers saw cannons with raised barrels lined up on the mountain on the left, with red flags on the barrels. This is victory!
Veterans, as before, are in service. They, along with those who, by the will of fate, ended up in our village, called from other parts of our Motherland, to defend the country. There are about 140 of them left in the village.

The ceremonial finale of the campaign
End of insomnia and roads.
Each has four years
Lack of sleep and anxiety.

Centuries will pass, but the work they did will never be erased from the memory of the most distant descendants.

This fact is known from the history of our village. On December 22, 1942, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the medal “For the Defense of Leningrad.” We know that the author of this medal lived in the village of Pesochny.

In 2003, the village of Pesochny celebrated its 100th anniversary.

The village of Pesochny is located 30 kilometers north of St. Petersburg and administratively belongs to the Kurortny district of the northern capital.

It borders the village of Beloostrov, lake Sestroretsky Razliv and Glukhoye, Vyborg and Vsevolozhsk districts Leningrad region.

Grafskoye - Pesochny - Dibuny has long been a favorite dacha place Petersburg residents.
Here were the dachas of famous St. Petersburg residents: Kolokolov, Makarov, Ornatsky, Pavlov and others, many of which have survived to this day.

Pesochensky landscapes inspired and inspire local artists: L.N. Ovchinnikova, F.P. Mishchenko, local poets compose poems about Pesochenaya. Maria Alekseevna Karpova composed “Ode about Pesochnaya”.

In order to preserve the cultural heritage of St. Petersburg, the Government of St. Petersburg, by Resolution dated 12.02. 2001 “a number of objects of historical, scientific, artistic or other value” were classified as historical and cultural monuments local significance, in the village Pesochny are: 8 wooden dachas of the early twentieth century, the Church of Seraphim of Sarov and the Church of St. Peter and Paul in the village of Dibuny, 1910, architect A.P. Aplaksin.

Today the area of the municipality is 1810 hectares, the population is 7,500 people.

Among the notable objects of Pesochny are the Children's Home, Social Home, schools, kindergartens, cultural institutions - a library and a cultural center.

A great contribution to the development of the village was made by its residents, who are included in the village's Book of Honor. We, grateful descendants, remember with love and respect: Vinogradova M.A., Vasilyeva I.D., Zaparina A.G., Semenov L.N., Pereslavtseva O.A., Vark O.Ya. and many others.

And today the pride of the village are famous state political figures and literary and artistic figures who were born and raised in the village of Pesochny, this is the deputy of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg - A.N. Krivenchenko, Lenfilm expert - A.N. Pozdnyakov, art critic A.M. Saraeva-Bondar, poet V. Maksimov.

The municipal formation "Pesochny Village" is an urban settlement on the territory of which local self-government, the local budget and elected local government bodies - deputies - are carried out.

Municipal government is, first of all, specific actions, daily work to improve people’s lives, attention to people, protection of their interests and rights.

In order to effectively implement the tasks assigned to local governments, we are implementing the following activities aimed at the socio-economic development of the Municipal Formation “Pesochny Village”:

Improvement and landscaping of the territory of the Municipal entity
Construction of children's and sports grounds
Maintenance of public associations for the protection of public order
Ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population
Repair, maintenance and maintenance of roads
Maintenance of burial sites
Organization and implementation of measures to protect the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies
Creating conditions for the development of education and culture
Social protection of the population (poor, pensioners, disabled people).

Pesochny is famous primarily for the largest medical institutes known in many countries: the Oncology Research Institute and the Central Scientific Research Institute of Radiological Research.

Central Research Radiological Institute of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

TsNIRRI was founded in March 1918. This is the world's first specialized scientific institution of X-ray and radiological profile. Here the foundations of domestic radiology and radiology, radiation diagnostics, interventional radiology, radiation medical physics, radiobiology were laid, and fundamental research was carried out in the field of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

The initiator of the formation of the world's first institution of this kind was professors A.F. Ioffe and M.I. Nemenov.

The Great Patriotic War (1941 - 1945) did not interrupt the work of the State Radiological and Cancer Institute.

In 1941 he was evacuated to Samarkand, where he was based until 1944. Some of the institution’s employees remained in blockaded Leningrad and helped the wounded in the evacuation hospital set up on the premises of the institute.

In 1963, the Government of the country decided to build a Medical City in the northern suburbs of Leningrad. In 1965, the construction of new buildings of the Central Scientific Research Institute began in the village of Pesochny, where the institute moved in 1971.

The institute is located in picturesque place. Walking through the pine forest surrounding the clinic creates a good mood, which helps to achieve the best treatment results.

Today, CNIRRI is a large specialized scientific and clinical center, the basis of which is the development and implementation of advanced medical technologies into practice. 150 candidates of science and doctors of the highest category, 35 professors and doctors of science work here, many of whom are members of Russian and foreign Academies and teach at St. Petersburg universities and medical academies. The institute is equipped with first-class medical equipment. Based on the totality of personnel, hardware and technological capabilities, CNIRRI is among the elite of world medical centers. Citizens of foreign countries are systematically treated at the institute.

Currently, the institute is headed by a full member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Anatoly Mikhailovich Granov.

Research Institute of Oncology named after. prof. N. N. Petrova

Research Institute of Oncology named after Prof. N.N. Petrov of the Ministry of Health Russian Federation- one of the oldest in our country - was founded on March 15, 1927 by N.N. Petrov. Already in his early works, N.N. Petrov repeatedly expressed his deep conviction that cancer is a social disease, and attached exceptional importance to the organization of cancer control in a broad aspect. Looking back at the path traversed by the institute under the leadership of N.N. Petrov, his students and successors, it should be said that the institute’s staff never confined itself to the narrow framework of theoretical research. Wide connection with practice, constant interest in the problems of anti-cancer control, close connection with the general medical network and institutions of various profiles, in one form or another developing the problems of malignant growth, created a base that to this day serves as the basis for the scientific work of the institute. Many clinical and experimental studies conducted by employees are rightfully considered classic.

Already in 1931, an archive was created as part of the institute, the tasks of which included summarizing information related to the work of clinical departments and future fate sick.

In 1943, the institute organized a special “preventive” department with 50 beds, which focused on the study of precancerous diseases and their treatment.

By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the institute had a first-class clinical and experimental base, 200 beds were deployed, there were experimental cytology laboratories, a physicochemical department, a strain tumor laboratory, a pathology department, a biochemistry laboratory, and an active social oncology department. Much attention was paid to the development of methods for radiotherapy of tumors.

During the Great Patriotic War, a hospital was established on the basis of the institute to treat wounded soldiers; over 20 leading specialists of the institute went to the front, many of them gave their lives fulfilling their medical duty.

In 1944, the institute received a building on Kamenny Island and, even during the blockade, relocated (mainly by staff) its clinics, archives and laboratories from the pavilions of the Mechnikov Hospital.

The volume of work carried out by the institute in all areas of its organizational, clinical and experimental activities, led to the need to expand its base.

In 1963-1964. Experimental laboratories and clinics were relocated to the new building of the institute in the village of Pesochny.

In 1966, in connection with the 40th anniversary of the founding of the institute, it was named after its first director, the founder of domestic oncology, academician, professor Nikolai Nikolaevich Petrov. In 1976, for its services in the development of healthcare, medical science and personnel training, the institute was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and in the same year, a monument to Nikolai Nikolaevich Petrov was unveiled in a solemn ceremony on the territory of the institute.

The long path traversed by the institute, the works of the students and successors of N.N. Petrov who stood at its foundation, made it possible to create a school and traditions that are still alive in the team.
For a long time, the institute was headed by the director, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, professor, doctor of medical sciences HANSON Kaido Paulovich.

Currently CEO CNIRRI - Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor V.F. Semiglazov.

Executive Director - Professor Moiseenko V.M.

The word Dibuny is a little unusual for the Russian language. Nevertheless, for the residents of Pesochny, the word Dibuny is native - after all, Dibuny is part of Pesochny. Dibuny has its own railway platform (many still remember the poem from childhood “What kind of station is this - Dibuny or Yamskaya?”), its own church, and there used to be a kindergarten. Today, not many people think about the origin of this word.

Until 1938, the current part of the village of Pesochny was a separate village called Dybun (later Dibuny). Where did this name come from? There are three versions about this:

1. It is believed that the name of the village Dybun is of Finnish origin. It comes from the name of the hill “tipun”, which is located near the Deaf Lake;

2. It is believed that the name of the settlement comes from the word “rack”. St. Petersburg was being built at a rapid pace during these years, craftsmen were gathered from all the surrounding volosts, working conditions were very difficult and people tried to escape from the construction site. When caught, they would be punished - the rack. It is assumed that the weapon for punishment - the rack - was located precisely in our area, from this word the name of the settlement - Dybun - came from.

3. A different opinion on this matter suggests that the name of the settlement came from the name of the area. We know that the Black River originates from Lake Sarzhenka and it was there, in the upper reaches of the river, according to the 18th century map, that there was a marshy area called the “Bolshoi Dybun tract”. This name meant “upturned earth.” And most likely the settlement began to be named after the name of the area where the Black River comes from.

In 1902, the owners of the Osinoroshchinskaya manor, Countess Ekaterina Vladimirovna Levashova and Princess Maria Vladimirovna Vyazemskaya, decided to sell off the land to form a holiday village.

Count Alexander Vladimirovich Stenobok-Fermor, the owner of lands on the right bank of the Black River, also decides to sell part of the lands for the same purposes.

The sale went briskly land in 400, 800, 1200 sq. fathoms were bought by wealthy individuals - merchants, officials, officers and clergy.

On July 30, 1902, at a meeting of the Construction Department of the St. Petersburg Provincial Board, a development plan for the village of Grafskaya was approved. The plan for approval on behalf of the last owners was presented by the manager of the Osinovaya Roshcha estate, F.F. Kolye.
So on the map of St. Petersburg Uyezd in 1902, two new villages appeared at once: Grafskaya and Dibuny.

By 1903 - 1905 Intensified construction of both villages began. The former owners of these lands also gave the name to the villages: first - “Count Colony”, but this name did not take root among the residents, then - “Count” - on the left bank of the river, and on the right bank of the river the old name of the village “Dibuny” was preserved.

The history of the renaming of the village of Grafskaya into the village of Pesochnaya, which later changed its gender to masculine and became known as Pesochny, is not much different from the mass of other renamings during the years of Soviet power. Well, a workers’ settlement couldn’t bear an almost counter-revolutionary name. Thank you for at least not touching the temples.

From materials identified by I.Z. Liberzon:
“In documents for 1925, the names Grafskaya and Pesochnaya appear simultaneously, both. In documents from 1926, the name Pesochnaya appears mainly. Obviously, the renaming took place at the end of 1924 - beginning of 1925.”

Protocol No. 31 of September 1, 1931
meetings of the Presidium
Leningrad Suburban District Executive Committee

“In 1938, the village. Grafskaya, at the request of the population, is renamed into the village. Pesochinsky and an independent Pesochinsky village Council of Workers' Deputies is elected, which is part of the Pargolovsky District Executive Committee...
(Chepky Y.A. - secretary of the party bureau of the territorial party organization of the village of Pesochny).

November 27, 1938 holiday villages Dibuny and Pesochnaya, Pargolovsky district, Leningrad region, are united into the village. Sandy. The latter is classified as a worker.

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