Active volcanoes and their height. Australia is the smallest continent in area and the lowest in altitude. The only continent where there are no active volcanoes and modern glaciation. The most famous volcanoes in the world

Australia's most small continent in area, lowest in height. The only continent where there is no active volcanoes and modern glaciation. The driest continent (deserts occupy the largest area compared to other continents). The organic world is characterized by endemism to the greatest extent. Least developed in agricultural terms.


Amazing world Eucalyptus Many species of eucalyptus have long been adapted to dry climates, used in the construction of dams. Their root system goes deep into the ground, and the leaves are dry and hard. Their color is grayish and they are covered with thick skin. Narrow leaves are almost always located edge-on to the sun and do not provide shade. In humid places on the east coast, some species reach a height of 100 m and a thickness of up to 10 m. Eucalyptus grows very quickly and at 35 years old reaches the height of a two-hundred-year-old oak. The leaves contain essential oil, which is used in medicine and perfumery. Its wood does not rot, it does not harbor insects (boring beetles) Eucalyptus ships and various types of structures where durability and special resistance of the material are required.


Boarding house Eucalyptus voluntarily or unwillingly play the role of hosts for various creatures: birds, mammals, microbes and many spiders, beetles. Butterflies and other insects that settle in their hollows, feed on their leaves and hunt their victims. Speaking without exaggeration, it is the source of life of the continent.


Deserts of the West From the top of Ayers Rock, a panorama of a vast desert, almost devoid of vegetation, opens up. Only at the foot of the cliff are rare groves of stunted eucalyptus and mulga acacia green. A few kangaroos and emus nibble on the spinifex shoots as they leisurely move across the red, heat-cracked plain. Western Australia is characterized by scrub and grassy steppe. Scrab is a thicket of small shrubs of acacia and eucalyptus. Intertwined with branches, the bushes form impenetrable thickets.


On fire Fires in eucalyptus forests are something terrible, indescribable. A sea of ​​fire engulfs the forest, the trees instantly burst into flames one after another. Eucalyptus foliage, rich in oils, catches fire very easily. The fire is spreading with great speed. It is absolutely impossible to escape from him, even driving away in a car is difficult. However, eucalyptus trees are very fire resistant. After some time, young green shoots grow from a burnt, black, seemingly dead trunk, and the tree continues to live
Previously, marsupial marten, marsupial devil, marsupial wolf abounded in Australia - they were widespread in Australia, however, they lost in the struggle for survival, leaving the plains of the continent to their more friendly and aggressive competitors. (introduced here: sheep, rabbits, wild dog dingo). e

30.12.2015 07:26

The powerful eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily that happened the other day brought to mind other volcanoes, including those located in densely populated areas.

1. Volcano Etna. Sicily, Italy

The volcanic eruption that occurred on the night of December 4-5 was the strongest in the last two decades. The lava fountain reached one kilometer, and the ash flow ejected along with the lava rose three kilometers above the volcano. As a result, the nearby city of Messina was covered in ash, and the airport located near Etna was closed.

Tourists visiting Sicily have a great chance of seeing Etna erupt. In the photo: volcano activity in 2012


2. Calbuco Volcano, Chile

Calbuco, located in Chile's Llanquihue National Reserve, 900 km from the capital Santiago, has erupted several times this year. In April, authorities evacuated about 4 thousand people from the vicinity of the volcano and declared highest level danger - "red". Flights were also canceled in the eruption area.

Photo: "Calbuco22-4-15" by Aeveraal - Own work. Wikipedia

Eruption of Calbuco volcano. The villages at the foot of Kalkubo were covered with a layer of volcanic ash.

3. Puehue Volcano, Chile

The Puehue volcano erupted in June 2015 after half a century of silence and had repercussions around the world. Chilean authorities evacuated about 3.5 thousand people in the south of the country. A cloud of dust, thrown to a height of many kilometers, went to trip around the world, and as a result, flights had to be canceled not only in Chile, but also in New Zealand and Australia.

Photo: "Puyehue Cordon Caulle erupting vent, February 2012" by Captainkayla - Photo taken on fieldwork at at Puyehue Cordon Caulle in Chile. Wikipedia

Eruption of the Puehue volcano. Resort town San Carlos de Bariloche in Argentina, neighboring Chile, was covered with a 10-centimeter layer of ash

4. Volcano. Eyjafjallajokull, Iceland

The volcanic eruption began on March 21, 2010 and was remembered for a long time not only by Icelanders, but also by residents of the whole world. Eyjafjallajokull woke up for the first time in 200 years, and the eruption was so powerful that the Icelandic authorities declared a state of emergency in the country.

Traffic on nearby roads was blocked and some flights were cancelled. Another eruption occurred on the night of April 14. Authorities evacuated about 800 people, and air space above large territory northern Europe was blocked.

5. Mount Sinabung, Indonesia

The Sinaburg volcano in Sumatra slept for 400 years, but in 2010 it decided to wake up.

So far, it has not come to a strong eruption, and local residents have gradually become accustomed to the activity of the mountain and pay little attention to it.

Active and extinct volcanoes have always attracted people. People settled on volcanic slopes to engage in agriculture, because volcanic soil is very fertile.

Today, the majestic geological formations attract crowds of tourists who want to admire their beauty.

Those thirsty for extreme sports are not stopped even by the most dangerous natural objects - active volcanoes.

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List of active volcanoes in the world

Today we will look at where there are active volcanoes in the world. Most of them are located along the coast. This zone is called the Pacific Ring of Fire. The second most volcanic activity zone is the Mediterranean belt.

There are about 900 active volcanoes on land

About 60 geological formations on earth explode every year. Let's look at the most dangerous ones that are active, as well as a few impressive ones that are dormant.

Merapi, Indonesia

Merapi is the most impressive, nicknamed "Mountain of Fire". It is located on the island. Java, reaches a height of 2914 m. Large-scale emissions occur every 7 years, and small ones twice a year. Smoke constantly comes out of its crater. One of the most significant tragedies associated with the activity occurred in 1006. Then a fierce disaster destroyed the Javanese-Indian state of Mataram.

In 1673, another powerful eruption erupted, as a result of which the towns and villages located at the foot were destroyed. In 1930, volcanic eruptions killed 1,300 people.

The last Merapi eruption occurred in 2010, when the evacuation of 350 thousand people was required. Some of them decided to return and died in the lava flow. 353 people were injured then.

In that last catastrophe Fire Mountain ejected a mixture of ash and gas at a speed of 100 km/h, the temperature reaching 1000°C.

Sakurajima, Japan

Sakurajima is located on the island. Kyushu. The mountain once stood separately, but during one of the eruptions it joined the Osumi Peninsula with the help of lava. It rises to a height of 1117 m. It consists of three peaks, the highest of which is the northern one.

The activity of Sakurajima increases every year, and until 1946 there were only 6 emissions. It has been erupting continuously since 1955.

Note: one of major disasters occurred in 1914, when the disaster claimed the lives of 35 people. In 2013, 1097 minor emissions were recorded, and in 2014 - 471.

Aso, Japan

Aso is another volcanic giant of the island. Kyushu. Its height is 1592 m. It is a caldera, in the middle of which there are 17 cones. The most active of them is Nakadake.

Aso last erupted lava in 2011. Since then, about 2,500 tremors have occurred here. In 2016, the ejection process was accompanied by an earthquake.

It is worth noting: Despite the danger associated with the extreme activity of Aso, about 50 thousand people live in the caldera, and the crater itself has become a popular site active tourism. In winter, skiing takes place on the slopes of Aso.

Nyiragongo, Republic of Congo

Nyiragongo refers to mountain system Virunga is the most active in Africa. The height is 3470 m. In its crater there is a huge seething lava lake, the largest in the world. During an eruption, lava flows out almost completely, destroying everything around it in a matter of hours. After that, it fills the crater again. Due to the military situation in the Republic of Congo, the crater has not yet been sufficiently explored.

Since the end of the 19th century alone, 34 eruptions of the formidable Nyiragongo have been recorded. Its lava is very liquid because it does not contain enough silicates. For this reason, it spreads quickly, reaching speeds of 100 km/h. This feature makes Nyiragongo one of the most dangerous on the planet. In 1977, a huge mass of lava hit a nearby town. The cause was a rupture in the crater wall. The disaster claimed the lives of several hundred people.

In 2002, another large-scale eruption occurred, then 400 thousand people were evacuated, 147 of whom died. Despite the fact that this Nyiragongo is considered the most dangerous in the world, about half a million people live in nearby settlements.

Galeras, Colombia

It rises above the Colombian town of Pasto, with about 500 thousand inhabitants. Galeras reaches a height of 4276 m. last years Galeras is constantly active, spewing volcanic ash.

One of the largest eruptions was recorded in 1993. The disaster led to the death of 6 volcanologists and 3 tourists located in the crater. The disaster came unexpectedly, after a long calm.

One of the most recent eruptions occurred in August 2010. Colombian authorities periodically evacuate local residents as Galeras becomes active.

Colima, Mexico

Colima is located on the coast Pacific Ocean. Consists of 2 peaks, one of which is extinct. In 2016, Colima became active, releasing a column of ash.

The last time he reminded himself was January 19, 2017. At the time of the disaster, a cloud of ash and smoke rose 2 km.

Vesuvius, Italy

Vesuvius is the most famous volcanic giant of continental Europe. It is located in Italy, 15 km from.

Vesuvius has 3 cones. Strong eruptions alternate with periods of low-power activity. Throws it away great amount ash and gases. In 79, Vesuvius shook all of Italy, destroying the cities of Pompeii and Stabia. They were covered with a thick layer of ash, reaching up to 8 m. The city of Herculaneum was flooded with mud flows, as the eruption was accompanied by mud rains.

In 1631, there was an eruption that claimed the lives of 4,000 people. It turned out to be weaker than in 79, but since then the slopes of Vesuvius have been inhabited large quantity people, which led to such victims. After this event, the volcano became lower by 168 m. The eruption of 1805 destroyed almost all of Naples and claimed the lives of 26 thousand people.

The last time Vesuvius erupted lava flows was in 1944, leveling the cities of San Sebastiano and Massa. The number of victims was 27 people. After this, the volcano subsided. To monitor its activities, a volcanological observatory was built here.

Etna, Italy

Etna is the highest volcano in Europe. It is located in the northern hemisphere in the east of Sicily. Its height changes after each eruption, now it is 3429 m above sea level.

Etna has, according to various estimates, 200-400 side craters. Every 3 months an eruption occurs from one of them. Quite often this leads to the destruction of villages located nearby.

Despite the dangers, Sicilians densely populate the slopes of Etna. A national park was even created here.

Popocatepetl, Mexico

The second highest peak in Mexico, its name means “smoking hill.” It is located 70 km from Mexico City. The height of the mountain is 5500 meters.

Over 500 years, Popocatepetl erupted lava over 15 times, the last time this happened in 2015.

Klyuchevskaya Sopka, Russia

This is the highest peak of Kamchatka. Its height varies between 4750-4850 m above sea level. The slopes are covered with side craters, of which there are more than 80.

Klyuchevskaya Sopka reminds itself every 3 years, each of its activities lasts several months and is sometimes accompanied by ashfalls. The most active year It turned out to be 2016, when the volcano exploded 55 times.

The most destructive disaster was in 1938, when the activity of Klyuchevskaya Sopka lasted 13 months.

Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA

Mauna Loa can be found in the central part of the island of Hawaii. It rises 4169 m above sea level. Mauna Loa is of the Hawaiian type.

Its characteristic feature is lava outpourings that occur without explosions or ash emissions. Lava erupts through the central vent, cracks and fractures.

Cotopaxi, Ecuador

Cotopaxi belongs to the Andes mountain system. This is the second highest peak, rising to 5911 m.

The first eruption was recorded in 1534. The eruption had its most devastating consequences in 1768. Then the release of lava and sulfur was accompanied by an earthquake. The disaster destroyed the city of Latacunga and its surrounding area. The eruption was so strong that traces of it were found in the Amazon basin.

Iceland

There are about three dozen volcanoes on the island of Iceland. Among them, some have long been extinct, but there are also active ones.

This island is the only one in the world where so many geological formations are located. Icelandic territory is a real volcanic plateau.

Extinct and dormant volcanoes

Volcanoes that have lost activity are either extinct or dormant. They are safe to visit, which is why these sites are more popular among travelers. On the map, such geological formations are marked with black stars, in contrast to active ones, marked with red stars.

What is the difference between an extinct and dormant volcano? Extinct species have not been active for at least 1 million years. Presumably, their magma has already cooled and will not explode. True, volcanologists do not rule out that a new volcano may form in their place.

Aconcagua, Argentina

Aconcagua is the highest peak in the Andes. It rises to 6960.8 m. The mountain was formed at the junction of the Nazca and South American lithospheric plates. Today the slopes of the mountain are covered with glaciers.

Aconcagua is of interest to climbers as the highest peak South America, as well as the tallest extinct volcano.

Kilimanjaro, Africa

If someone is asked to name the highest mountain in Africa, he will name the highest famous mountain on the African continent. It consists of 3 peaks, the highest of which is Kibo (5,891.8 m).

Kilimanjaro is considered dormant, with only gases and sulfur coming out of its crater. It is expected to become active when the mountain collapses, leading to a large-scale eruption. Scientists consider the peak of Kibo to be the most formidable.

Yellowstone, USA

Yellowstone is located on the territory of the same name national park. The peak belongs to supervolcanoes, of which there are 20 on Earth. Yellowstone is extremely dangerous because it erupts with incredible force and can affect the climate of the planet.

Yellowstone has erupted three times. Last eruption took place 640 thousand years ago, at the same time the caldera depression was formed.

At this volcano, lava accumulates in a special reservoir, where it melts the surrounding rocks, becoming thicker. This reservoir is very close to the surface, which worries volcanologists.

The eruption is stopped by flows of water that cool the magma bubble and break out in the form of geysers.

Since there is still a lot of energy left inside the bubble, it is expected to burst out in the near future.

The US authorities are taking all measures to prevent the eruption of Yellowstone, because it could claim the lives of 87 thousand people. One of the projects is the installation of a geothermal station, but this will require drilling wells, which could provoke a disaster not only in the country, but also on the entire planet.

Elbrus, Russia

The Caucasian peak today is attractive to climbers. Its height is 5621 m. It is a dormant formation in which volcanic processes occur. The last eruption supposedly took place 1.7 thousand years ago; 500 years ago it released a column of ash. The activity of Elbrus is evidenced by geo thermal springs Scientists disagree on when to expect the next eruption, but what is certain is that it will lead to a debris flow.

Big and Small Ararat, Türkiye

Greater Ararat (5165 m) is located on the Armenian Highlands, 11 km from it is Little Ararat (3927 m).

Eruptions Greater Ararat always accompanied by destruction. The last tragedy occurred in 1840 and was accompanied by a strong earthquake. Then 10,000 people died.

Kazbek, Georgia

Kazbek is located in Georgia. Locals They call it Mkinvartsveri, which translates as “ice mountain”. The height of the giant is 5033.8 m.

Kazbek is not active today, but is classified as potentially dangerous. It last erupted in 650 BC.

The mountain has very steep slopes, and mudslides are possible.

Conclusion

Volcanoes are among the most attractive tourist sites. Today they are no longer so dangerous, since their activity can be predicted by volcanologists. Research is underway to harness the energy of geological formations for the benefit of humanity.

When trying to go to the top of a volcano, especially an active one, it is necessary to collect information about its condition and listen to the forecasts of seismologists, since tragic incidents among tourists occur frequently.

We bring to your attention interesting video about active volcanoes of the world:

There are special mountains on our planet. They store energy that can destroy cities, stop air travel between countries, cause tsunamis and change the weather.

Volcanoes are geological formations that appear at the site of faults in the earth. Magma escapes through them, forming lava, large amounts of water vapor, gas and ash. There are more than a thousand volcanoes on Earth, a quarter of them are underwater.

How are volcanoes formed? Why do they fall asleep and then break their silence? Where in Russia are these fire-breathing creatures located? And what trips should you take to see them? We answer these questions in our article.

How do volcanoes work?

Deep underground the temperatures are very high. Because of this, rocks melt and turn into a viscous substance called magma. It is much lighter than the surrounding hard rocks. When there is a lot of magma, it rises and flows into the magma chamber.

Cracks, or volcanic channels, radiate from it. Those of them that come out form the crater of the volcano. Through it, magma breaks out to the surface.

Coming out of the ground, magma turns into lava. Its temperature reaches 1000°C. It flows down the mountainside, cools and slowly hardens. The viscosity of the lava determines the shape of the volcano. The more compounds of silicon and oxygen or silica it contains, the denser it is. Inviscid lava spreads far from the vent and forms gentle slopes. Thick lava hardens quickly and gives the volcano a cone shape.

Active, dormant and extinct volcanoes

Scientists divide volcanoes into active, dormant and extinct. It depends on when the last eruption occurred. The likelihood that the volcano will erupt again is also taken into account.

Volcanoes that are currently erupting periodically are called active. Examples of active volcanoes are San Pedro in Chile, Popocatepetl in Mexico, Kerinci in Indonesia, Etna in Sicily and Klyuchevskaya Sopka in Kamchatka.

Dormant volcanoes are considered to be those that do not show any activity, but can return to action. The dormant volcano Teide is located on Canary Islands, Vesuvius is located in Italy, Yellowstone in the USA.

An extinct volcano is one that has not been active for more than ten thousand years. His magma has cooled, and he is unlikely to wake up. For example, Sutter Butte and Clear Lake in California have been silent for 1.4 million years. Sometimes extinct volcanoes wake up and are reclassified as active. This happened with the El Chichon volcano in 1982. Scientists studied it after it awoke and discovered that the previous eruption was only 1,200 years ago.

Volcanoes of Russia

Where are the most volcanoes in Russia?

The largest number of volcanoes on Earth are located in the South and Central America, Hawaii, Iceland and Alaska. Russia is also not lagging behind.

  • 30 active and a couple hundred extinct volcanoes form a single volcanic belt on east coast Kamchatka.
  • 168 volcanoes are located on Kuril Islands. They are divided into surface and underwater. 37 of them are active. Kamchatskaya and Sakhalin region together they make up 8.3% of the world's active volcanoes.
  • Map of Russian volcanoes includes the Caucasus, the Black Sea coast and Seas of Azov, Siberia, Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories.

Did they go out, fall asleep, or never become volcanoes?

Elbrus in the Caucasus

Elbrus — highest peak Russia and Europe. This is a volcano that ceased activity approximately a thousand years ago. But scientists are in no hurry to classify it as extinct. Glaciers are melting on Elbrus. The temperature of the mountain reaches +21°C. It seems that the dormant volcano may well remind itself.

Volcanoes of Baikal

The calm waters of Lake Baikal are deceptive. Earthquakes occur here and there are thermal springs. This confirms seismic activity in the region, which means that new fire-breathing mountains may well form here. In the area itself big lake Russia also has volcanoes that are extinct:

  • V Tunka Valley,
  • on the Ushkany Islands,
  • in the area of ​​the Cedar Capes and the Baikal ridge,
  • and also on the ocean floor

Mount Ayu-Dag in Crimea

Famous natural object Crimea, Mount Ayu-Dag, never joined the volcanoes. The formation process took 160 million years, with magma collecting inside the mountain. But she never broke through. Having frozen, the magma formed a “plug” in the mountain. Therefore, scientists are confident that Ayu-Dag will not show his hot temper.

Putorana plateau in Siberia

The Putorana plateau is basalt mountains. They were formed during the eruption of a huge volcano that happened tens of millions of years ago. Four million hectares of volcanic nature are classified by UNESCO as world heritage humanity. Local residents, Evenks and Nenets, believe that the Fire God, the master of the underworld, lives here.

The most “outstanding” volcanoes of Russia

Kamchatka is a leader in volcanic activity in our country. Here are the most active, dangerous, large and beautiful volcanoes. And also those that are extinct and those that have decided to rest for now.

There are six zones on the peninsula, which together are included in the UNESCO list of natural heritage sites. 30 active and 300 extinct volcanoes are located on their territory:

  • Kronotsky Biosphere Reserve. Located on the eastern coast of Kamchatka. Includes 26 volcanoes, 12 of which are active.
  • Bysrinsky natural Park. Located in the middle part of Kamchatka. Located in the southeast of Kamchatka. The maximum elevation here is 3607 m. This is the height of the active volcano Ichinskaya Sopka.
  • Nalychevo Natural Park. Nalychevo is located in the southeast of Kamchatka. There are four active volcanoes in the park.
  • South Kamchatka Nature Park in southern Kamchatka combines flat coastal areas and exotic cone-shaped hills
  • The South Kamchatka Federal Nature Reserve is located at the extreme southern tip of Kamchatka. An important migration route for migratory birds runs through the reserve.
  • Klyuchevskoy Natural Park is located in the eastern part of Kamchatka. Home here - Klyuchevskaya Sopka

The most dangerous volcanoes

Klyuchevskaya Sopka

The highest among active volcanoes in Eurasia. And also one of the most formidable. Height - 4750 meters. Located in the eastern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Eruptions have been recurring for the last seven thousand years. Over 270 years, more than 50 major eruptions were recorded.

Shiveluch

Of the active volcanoes in Russia, it is located to the north of all. Age exceeds 60 thousand years. The nearby village of Klyuchi falls asleep after each eruption. volcanic ash. In July 2017, numerous explosions occurred. Ash was thrown to a height of 10 kilometers.

Karymskaya Sopka

Since the volcano has erupted 20 times over the past hundred years, it is considered the most active in Kamchatka. In July 2017, the ash plume stretched 91 km to the south of the peninsula. When Karymskaya Sopka wakes up, it usually awakens the volcanoes in the neighborhood.

The largest volcanoes

Ushkovsky

After Klyuchevskaya Sopka, the next highest active volcano is Ushkovsky. Its height is 3943 meters. It is located in the central part of Kamchatka, west of Klyuchevskaya Sopka. Together with the Krestovsky volcano it forms a single volcanic massif. The last time Ushkovsky erupted was in late XIX century.

Tolbachik

Belongs to the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes. Height - 3682 m. Consists of Ostrogo Tolbachik, Flat Tolbachik and a flat dome. The diameter of the crater reaches two kilometers. This volcano has very spectacular eruptions. Lava flows flow downwards from cracks, rather than upwards. The last time it erupted was in 1975-1976.

The most beautiful volcano

Avachinskaya Sopka

This active volcano is located in the south of the Eastern Ridge. Height - 2741 m. The upper part is covered with glaciers, and forests grow on the slopes. After the 1991 eruption, the picturesque formations of Avachi were rightfully included in the list beautiful views volcanoes on the planet.

Despite the dangers volcanoes pose, they attract many adventurers. If you also want to see the mountains that store fire, read on which trips you can take to do this.

19.02.2014

In countries where there are volcanoes, such as Indonesia, they are located in large provinces such as West Java, East Java or Central Java. One of the worst disasters is a volcanic eruption, which can claim hundreds or even thousands of lives. It is impossible to forget about the eruption of the Krakatoa volcano, the enormous damage and thousands of victims. And here we present a list of the most dangerous and active volcanoes in the world. However, not all volcanoes are dangerous. is in great demand among travelers and wildlife lovers.

No. 10. Hawaii, Mauna Loa volcano

Mauna Loa is one of the five mountains that form the island of Hawaii. Despite the fact that this is not the most high mountain, a volcanic eruption poses a high danger, since its lava basically has a liquid consistency, which can lead to serious fires. Mauna LOA is the most big volcano in the world (by volume and area), taking into account the volume of lava, it reaches 18,000 cubic miles. The last eruption occurred on April 15, 1984.

No. 9. Philippines, Taal Volcano

About 50 km (31 miles) from the capital Manila is one of the most dangerous volcanoes, Taal. This mountain is an island on Lake Taal, which is located inside a caldera formed as a result of very strong previous eruptions (this process is similar to Lake Toba). Taal Volcano is a complex of volcanoes on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. This volcano has had several violent eruptions, including one of the most powerful eruptions that killed more than a thousand people.

No. 8. Papua New Guinea, Ulawun Volcano

Ulawun Volcano is located in Papua New Guinea, on the Bismarck Archipelago, and is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes New Guinea. Several eruptions have been recorded, with one of the most powerful occurring in 1980, the ash column spewed from Ulawun reaching 60,000 feet in height, and its pyroclastic flows engulfed the mountains on all sides.

No. 7. Congo, Nyiragongo volcano

It has erupted at least 34 times since 1882. One of the worst eruptions occurred on September 17, 2002, when lava that flowed down the slopes of Nyiragongo covered about 40% of the city of Goma and left almost 120,000 people homeless. Nyiragongo is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa, his activity never stops.

No. 6. Indonesia, Merapi volcano

Mount Merapi is a conical volcano located in Indonesia on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta. Much of the Merapi eruption, including the lava, continues to descend, accompanied at times by hot smoke capable of spreading at speeds of up to 120 km per hour. This is the most active and dangerous volcanoes in Indonesia, they became active 10,000 years ago, and their activity has not stopped since 1548.

No. 5. Colombia, Galeras volcano

This mountain most active volcano in Colombia. Since 2000, its eruptions have occurred almost every year. This is dangerous because... the frequency of eruptions is unpredictable. The Galeras volcano has been active for at least a million years. Its location near the southern Colombian border with Ecuador could result in hot lava flowing 3.5 km down the slope of Mount Galeras. The last eruption on January 3, 2010 forced the government to evacuate 8,000 people.

No. 4. Japan, Sakurajima volcano

The Sakurajima volcano is located on the island of Kyushu in Japan and is one of the most dangerous volcanoes. On March 10, 2009, a terrible eruption occurred when the volcano threw out stones and other rocks up to 2 miles. The intensity of the Sakurajima eruption is one of the most powerful not only in Japan, but also in the world. Over the past 45 years, 73 eruptions have been recorded.

No. 3. Mexico, Popocatepetl volcano

The active volcano Popocatepetl is located at an altitude of 5426 meters above sea level. Starting in December 1994, the dangerous activity of the volcano continued until this happened in 2000. violent eruption, as only known to history. Since 1519, 20 eruptions have been recorded. The explosion was so strong that it threw ash over a fairly long distance.

No. 2. Italy, Vesuvius volcano

Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano in Gulf of Naples, in Italy, approximately 9 miles east of Naples. Mount Vesuvius is the only volcano in Europe that has erupted in the last 100 years. This volcano could explode at any moment and severely punish the people living in its vicinity. Lava eruptions from a volcano can reach high altitude, so in March 1994, lava splashed to a height of up to 1000 meters. The famous eruption of 79 destroyed the ancient Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.

No. 1. USA, Yellowstone volcano

Yellowstone Volcano – the most dangerous and active volcano in the world. Rocks and rocks ejected from this volcano can be scattered over a distance of up to 1000 km. Volcanic eruption lava and ash of this mountain threatens the extinction of living things and can cause a mass disaster, because it will entail others volcanic activity, determined by tectonic fluctuations, which will cause other explosions.

 

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