Jinan is a city in China. Open left menu Jinan Cuisine and restaurants

Hello, dear readers – seekers of knowledge and truth!

Jinan in China is a relatively small city by Chinese standards, the capital of Shandong province. Despite its modest size and lack of wild popularity among tourists, especially foreign ones, there is definitely something to see and do here - this will be discussed in the article below.

We will tell you what features the city hides, where it is located, what is remarkable about it, what kind of people live there and what places you should visit. There is a lot of interesting and educational things ahead!

City features

Jinan is the capital of the province and its government is located here. It’s quite easy to find the city on the map - it is located four hundred kilometers south of the Chinese capital, Beijing.

Etymology goes back to historical origins - the name translates as “south of the Jishui River.” The fact is that this river used to be north of the city. Now the famous Yellow River, the so-called “Yellow River,” flows in its bed.

Jinan is famous for its characteristic features.

72 springs flowing in the suburban area and picturesque lakes
A large number of artifacts found by archaeologists as a result of excavations. According to existing data, many of them date back to the period before the 20th century BC.
Well-established transport infrastructure

international Airport is located thirty kilometers away and connects the city with Japanese and South Korean territories, as well as Hong Kong. In addition, two important railway routes of the country pass through the city: Beijing - Shanghai and Jinan - Qingdao. The last city major port in the Yellow Sea. Jinan is also a stopover point for travel to Tai'an and Qufu.

Home of the first civilizations of Ancient China

It was here that in the 7th century BC people began to lay the first stones of the Great Wall of China.

Mountains that are themselves historical monuments of Buddhism
Folk crafts

First of all, it is black ceramics. Local craftsmen have mastered the art so much that some specimens are comparable in thickness to egg shells.

Geography

Jinan is located in northwest China, in the heart of Shandong Province, south coast Yellow River, relatively close to Yellow Sea. The climate occupies an intermediate position between subequatorial and continental, as a result of which 4 seasons are clearly expressed:

dry warm spring;
rainy, hot summer – temperatures reach +30 degrees, and sometimes even higher;
autumn with rare cold weather;
dry winter, average daily temperature rarely drops below 0 degrees, snow also does not fall very often.

To travel to Jinan, it is better to choose the autumn-spring period, when the weather is the most comfortable.

People

The population is approximately eight million inhabitants, and this figure is constantly growing. The absolute majority, or more precisely, over 98 percent, belong to the Han people, that is, to the indigenous Chinese. The rest are mostly Manchus and Hui.

Most of the population is employed in the service sector and manufacturing:

textiles and clothing;
food;
chemical and metallurgical units;
household appliances;
in the field of information technology.

Cultural heritage

Jinan boasts many attractions that reflect the natural and cultural beauty of the area.

Keys, lakes

Many springs flow from the central part of the city and end up in Lake Daming. Baotu is considered the main key - it was called the first in China even by the rulers of the Qing dynasty. Its temperature remains the same all year round and is eighteen degrees.

Another picturesque sight is the weeping willows along the ponds, as well as the cherry blossoms near the lake. Reservoirs are the venue for local festivals. So, for example, the Lantern Festival is held at the main spring, and the Lotus Flower Festival is held at the Daming shores.

Mountain of a Thousand Buddhas

A relatively small mountain peak with a height of more than 250 meters is located thirty kilometers southwest of Jinan. Spread out right there national park. But the main feature is over a hundred Buddha statues, carved in the 6-7 centuries directly from rock in the south of the hill, temple complex Xinguochang, as well as 4 carved characters.

Every year a Buddhist festival is held on the slopes of the mountain.

Temple of a Thousand Buddhas

The temple is located on the mountain of the same name and combines the halls of the Buddha who laughs, Daxiong Baodian and Guanyin.

Caves of a Thousand Buddhas

Four caves, located on the opposite side of the mountain from the carved sculptures, occupy an area measuring over sixty meters. Here you can also find statues of deities carved from stone - there are about two hundred of them, and there are also about fifty images on the rocks.

They were first taken up by the old monk Sha Dun in the 7th century BC - he created three statues. Over the years, his endeavors were continued by other Buddhist sculptors.

Lianshan Temple

Construction began in the middle of the 4th century. The scale of the structure is impressive: forty wooden halls, eighteen pavilions, about five hundred monastic cells, more than one and a half hundred stupas, among which no two are identical.

Inside Lianshan Temple

Other shrines in Lischen County

The four-gate pagoda, the ruins of the Shandong temple ensemble, the Lingyang monastery complex with Buddha statues made of clay and painted in colorful colors - all this can be seen nearby.

Provincial Museum

There are exhibitions here that can take you back to different eras of Chinese history.

Gwanchen

On the square in the city center, where the fortress moat is located, there is a musical fountain, and mass festivities take place on the holiday.

Musical fountain in Jinan

Near the square, underground, is located the best shopping complex for shopping. Wooden fish are considered the best Jinan souvenirs self made, local Lu style embroidered items and black pottery items.

- Lu's kitchen

Exploring the city would be incomplete without tasting the unique dishes of Shandong cuisine. These include fish with red scales, carp, which is caught in the Yellow River and cooked in sweet and sour sauce, and oysters fried in oil and much, much more. However, this cuisine is very spicy, so you need to be prepared for it.

Conclusion

Jinan - small town in the Celestial Empire, where you can enjoy unity with nature, splash in life-giving cool springs, admire the view of the mountains and the panorama that opens from mountain peaks. This is a place where it’s easy to touch Buddhism and find yourself in the past. It’s definitely worth staying here for at least a couple of days when traveling around China.

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Lakes and springs are the main thing that attracts tourists to Jinan. Seventy-two famous springs come out of the ground here, flowing into Daming Lake. One of the most famous springs is Baotu, in which water foams out of the ground. Five Dragons Lake is beautiful at any time of the year, but especially beautiful when the cherry blossoms are in bloom. The Lantern Festival is held every year at Baotu Spring Park, and the Lotus Festival is held at Daming Lake Park.

Lishen County is one of the centers of Buddhism, among the monuments here are the Four Door Pagoda, the ruins of the Shentong Temple, many tombs of monks and the Mountain of a Thousand Buddhas, where the Double Nine Festival is held every year. Lingyang Temple houses brightly painted clay Buddha statues.

The Shandong Provincial Museum and Jinan Municipal Museum are worth a visit.

Kwancheng Square is located near the city moat and is interesting with its musical fountain. Most folk festivals take place here.

When to come

In spring or autumn.

Do not miss

Lake Daming Park - wonderful pavilions and gardens. The lake is also called the “Great Lake of Clarity” and is fed by 72 known springs. Climb Hero Mountain. English Corner on Sundays, where those who want to practice their English gather. Watch the people passing by in the evening at Quen Cheng Square.

Should know

Main shopping mall The city is located in an underground quarter, next to Kwancheng Square.

Chinese city Jinan, also known as the "City of Springs" and the "City of Spring", is located on the banks of the Yellow River and is the administrative center of Shandong Province. Together with its suburbs, its population exceeds two and a half million people.

Jinan is not only an important transport hub with an international airport. Industrial sectors such as food, textile, pulp and paper, petrochemical and chemical, as well as metallurgy and mechanical engineering are also developed here. Local residents do not forget about traditional crafts. The city has a university and several other universities.

It was founded in the eighth century BC. In the third century, Jinan was part of the kingdom of Wu. The city became the capital of Shandong province in the twelfth century and retains this status to this day. He became known as a big religious center, thanks to the construction of Buddhist cave temples in these lands between the fourth and seventh centuries.

After the new course of the Yellow River was laid near the northern part of the city in the second half of the nineteenth century, Jinan began to grow rapidly. From one thousand nine hundred and six it became open to foreign trade, and from thirty-seven to forty-five it was occupied by Japanese troops.

The government of the country called Jinan “the city of ancient culture and history.” Artifacts from Chinese cultures such as Longshan (black pottery, at least six thousand years old) and Xihe (red-brown pottery, at least nine thousand years old) have been discovered in its vicinity.

Nowadays, in the city itself and its surroundings you can find ancient monuments taken under state protection and which are tourist attractions - the temple of the predecessors of the Han era (the oldest building that has survived in China to this day and dates back to the first century BC), sections of the wall of the times reigns of the Qi and Qing dynasties (third century BC), the Wu Buddhist temple and well, as well as the remains of mountain terraces from the same time.

The Yellow River flows along the northern outskirts of the city. Around Jinan you can find many springs and springs, thanks to which it began to be called the “City of Springs”. " sacred mountain» Taishan is located not far from the city.

The most famous sports team in the city is the local football club "Luneng", which has repeatedly become one of the favorites of the League Highest quality China. It is one of four clubs that have played in the country's main football league for all fifteen seasons since the league received professional status.

Jinan (Chinese: 济南, English: Jinan) is the administrative center of Shandong Province, located on the banks of the Yellow River, 600 km southeast of Beijing. The city has a rich history - more than 4 thousand years. In ancient times, the most ancient capital city of Chinese civilization was located here. After the discovery of its ruins, Jinan was given the official status of "city of ancient culture and history", and all historical and cultural sites taken under state protection.

Currently, Jinan is the industrial, technical, trade and tourism base of Shandong Province. The city has about 800 markets of various specialties, incl. and wholesale; over 1,400 branches of large banks and other financial institutions of the country. The main industries are:

metallurgical
food
textile
chemical
mechanical engineering.

IN last years The priority direction was the development of high-tech industries: precision instrumentation, bioengineering, electrical and digital technologies, pharmacology, biochemistry. In this regard, it was opened Jinan High-tech New Manufacturing Development Zone . The city leadership also pays great attention to the development of foreign trade relations and attracting additional investments into the regional economy.

The population of Jinan is almost 3 million people, the overwhelming majority are ethnic Chinese. The Jinan dialect predominates in speech, but the nationally standardized version of Chinese is also common.

Jinan has a temperate monsoon climate with distinct seasons. In winter it is cool and dry, in spring it is dry and windy, in summer it is hot and humid, in autumn it is cool and sunny. average temperature January: -4°C, July: +28°C. Most of the precipitation occurs in the summer. The outskirts of the city are rich in natural springs and thermal springs with a total of 72, for which it received the unofficial names “city of springs”, “capital of springs”. This is one of the recognized tourist centers China from rich history and culture, unique nature. The city receives over 8 million tourists a year. You can visit Jinan at any time of the year, each season is beautiful in its own way. However, the natural springs are especially beautiful during the rainy season, which occurs at the end of summer.

Transport

Jinan's transport infrastructure is well developed and it is located at the intersection of two major railway lines. One of them connects Jinan with Beijing and Shanghai, the second - with the provincial port, the city of Qingdao. Smaller railway lines connect Jinan with other cities of China - Handan, Dezhou, Tai'an, Jining, Zaozhuang, Zibo.
The city also has a developed network automotive roads, which includes the Jinan-Qingdao and Beijing-Shanghai expressways.
International airport Yaoqiang (称济南遥墙国际机场， Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport) serves flights to domestic and international destinations, including: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Dalian, Kunming, Harbin, Urumqi, Wuhan, Changsha, Hong Kong, Seoul, Osaka. Base airline- "Shandong Airlines".
System urban transport represented by buses and taxis. Schedule bus routes presented on the official website of the service transport company

Jinan (Chinese: 济南, English: Jinan) is a city in China, the administrative center of the East Chinese province of Shandong, and has sub-provincial significance. The name of the city literally translates as “South of the Jishui River.” The river called Jishui does not exist today; it is the old name of the current Yellow River. The population of the city in 2010 was 3 million 250 thousand people.

The city of Jinan is more than 4000 years old and is a city of contrasts. On the one hand, it has very ancient history and the government of China People's Republic it was awarded the status of “City of Ancient Culture and History”. On the other hand, it is ultra modern with a developed economy. In addition, it is a city with developed textile, chemical, food, light and metallurgical industries. Automotive and mechanical engineering are also quite developed. And in recent years, the production of household appliances and information technologies has been actively developing.

Geography

The city of Jinan is located in the northwestern part of Shandong province. If you look at Jinan on the map, it is located south of the capital of China. The distance to is approximately 500 km. On the southern side, the outskirts of the city are closely adjacent to Mount Taishan, which is one of the 5 historical mountain peaks of China. And the Yellow River flows from the north. It turns out that the city’s topography is a transition zone from the southern Taishan massif to the northern valley of the Yellow River. The city is located at the junction of strips of small hills in the center and southern part of the province itself, and in its northwestern part there are alluvial plains. It turns out that South part cities are much higher than the northern one. The city is home to Beiyunhu and Daminghu lakes.

Thanks to the karst aquifers, which descend in limestone formations from south to north, there are a lot of artesian springs that come out right in the city, as well as in its surroundings. Therefore, Jinan in ancient times had another name - “City of Springs”.

Administrative division

Jinan city is divided into 6 districts, one city county and 3 counties:

Lixia District (历下区, Lìxià qū) has an area of 100.87 square meters. km
Shizhong District (市中区, Shìzhōng qū) has an area of 280.33 square meters. km
Huaiyin District (槐荫区, Huáiyìn qū) has an area of 258.71 square meters. km
Tianqiao District (天桥区, Tiānqiáo qū) has an area of 151.65 square meters. km
Licheng District (历城区, Lìchéng qū) has an area of 1303.88 square meters. km
Changqing District (长清区, Chángqīng qū) has an area of 1208.54 square meters. km
Zhangqiu City County (章丘市, Zhāngqiū shì) has an area of 1721.29 square meters. km
Pingyin County (平阴县, Píngyīn xiàn) has an area of 715.18 sq. km
Jiyang County (济阳县, Jǐyáng xiàn) has an area of 1097.15 square kilometers. km
Shanhe County (商河县, Shānghé xiàn) has an area of 1163.19 square meters. km

Population of Jinan

In 2005, the entire population of the district was 5 million 690 thousand people, of which the urban population was 2 million 540 thousand people. The next census showed that in 5 years there were almost 1 million more residents of Jinan, i.e. In 2010, 6 million 810 thousand people lived in the district, and 3 million 250 thousand people lived in the city.

Language

Han Chinese make up 98.3% of the total city residents. The remaining 1.7% is divided between the Hui (Muslims) and the Manchus. People speak mainly the Jinan dialect of the North Chinese dialect group in the city. You can also find people speaking standardized Mandarin. That's why foreign tourists translator needed in Jinan.

Climate (Jinan weather)

The climate of Jinan is a transition zone in which a humid subtropical climate changes to a continental one. Average annual temperature– 14.6 ℃, average annual precipitation is 670 mm, with most of the precipitation occurring in summer time of the year. All seasons are clearly defined: spring is dry, short, lasting only 2 months; summer is rainy and quite hot, lasting approximately 120 days; autumn is cool and pleasant; Winter lasts approximately 150 days and is cold and dry (virtually no snow).

January is the coldest and driest, and if snow falls, it is rare and not much.

July is a complete contrast to January - hot and rainy.

History of Jinan City

The western part of the city of Jinan was part of the Principality of Lu, while the eastern part belonged to the Principality of Qi. It was a long time ago, even before our era, in the eras of the Springs, Autumns and Warring States. In 685 BC, the Principality of Qi decided to build a defensive structure - the Qi Great Wall. This construction took place on the territory of modern Changqing District.

The Qin Kingdom was the strongest of the other kingdoms, and it slowly conquered more and more territory. Eventually it conquered all the kingdoms. This is how a unified Chinese state was created for the first time. Afterwards, China was divided into districts called jun. And the western part of Jinan became part of Jibei County (济北郡), at that time the county was called Lixia (历下邑).

Jinan County (济南郡) first appeared during the Han Dynasty and was located on the territory of modern Zhangqiu County. In the 4th century AD. The district government moved to what is now called Licheng District. Construction of Buddhist cave temples began. Thanks to these temples, by the way, their construction continued until the 7th century, Jinan District acquired the reputation of a major religious center.

When the Sui dynasty began to rule (VI century), the district was transformed into a region, which included 10 counties. The area was named Qizhou (齐州). After 500 years, when the Northern Song Dynasty was already ruling, the region rose in status and became the Jinan Government (济南府). Then these places were captured by the Jurchens, but they did not change the management structure of the council.

Then there was the conquest of these lands by Mongol troops. It continued until the fourth Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the grandson of Genghis Khan, the Great Khan Mongke, died in 1259. Exactly one year later, the Mongolian civil war begins. At that time, a Chinese named Li Tan was serving the Mongols and the Mongols appointed him governor of Shandong Province. So, this Li, seeing that the supporters of Kublai and Arig-Buga were seriously fighting among themselves, raised a rebellion, stood up for the Song Empire and captured the city of Jinan. This happened in 1262. Then Khibulai gathered the best commanders, and they defeated Li Tan with decisive actions. Lee had to take refuge in the city and declare a siege. However, the siege lasted only a few months and Li Tan surrendered.

The Mongols ruled this territory for almost 100 years. But they were eventually overthrown and in 1369 the Ming Empire was proclaimed and the government moved to Shandong Province. By that time, 15 counties and 4 regions were subordinate to it. In 1572, when the Qing Dynasty ruled, 3 regions came out of subordination and acquired the so-called “direct control” of the provincial authorities.

In 1892 it began rapid development cities. This happened because the Yellow River carved a new channel for itself and connected the city with the Grand Canal and with the Chinese inland waterways.

In 1897 the city was given to Germany. The historic construction of the Qingdao-Jinan Railway began. Locals resisted this construction, riots began, which led to the uprising of the Yihetuan.

However, by 1904 Railway was completed and an official trading port was created. It made the city transport hub far from the least significant. And by 1912, another Tianjin-Pukou railway line was built, which ran along the bridge over the Yellow River. All this only increased the trade and transport importance of the city. Soon the Xinhai Revolution begins. As a result, administrative units were unified and in 1913 the Jinan government was disbanded.

In July 1929, it was officially formed modern city Jinan, and a year later it was divided into 10 districts.

In 1938, during the Sino-Japanese War, Japanese troops occupied the city. Then the civil war began and by 1948 Jinan fell into communist hands. The people's government immediately gave Jinan the status of a “special city.” A year later the city already consisted of 11 districts. In 1950, 6 of these areas were called "urban areas" and 5 "suburban areas". By 1954, another change occurred in the administrative-territorial division, i.e. there were 5 urban and 5 suburban districts, and they received names instead of digital numbers.

In 1958, the Tai'an Special Region was disbanded and some areas came under Jinan jurisdiction. However, this did not last long and by 1961 everything returned to its previous places. Then disbandment occurred again, and finally in 1978, Zhangqiu County and Changqing County began to subordinate Jinan. After 7 years, Pingyin County also came under the jurisdiction of the city, and after another 4 years, Jiyang County and Shanhe County were added.

In February 1994, the city of Jinan was awarded the title of a city of “sub-provincial significance”, as well as the administrative center of Shandong Province, which it is today.

Economy

After the Yellow River moved into a new direction, the city began to actively develop and in 1852 it became a large market where agricultural products were sold. This was facilitated by the fact that the regions of southern China are very fertile. Jinan soon began to develop as a center for the clothing and textile industry. Mills, oil mills, as well as factories producing paper, cement and matches were built in large numbers in the city. In the 50s, construction began on a large metallurgical plant, and a little later on chemical plants. Trucks and construction equipment began to be produced 40 years ago.

IN economic development The Jinan zone plays a huge role in the city, where new high technologies are being developed. Jinan is a major transshipment base in Shandong Province. There are 768 markets in the city, including 5 public markets, 206 specialized wholesale markets and 343 agricultural markets. This is a major financial center of the province and has 1,400 branches of Chinese banks, as well as offices of various companies.

On this moment The city of Jinan is rapidly developing the production of household appliances, information and bioengineering technologies, as well as factories for the production of numerically controlled machine tools. Among household appliances, washing machines, color TVs and electronic scales occupy a special place. There are well-known brands of knitwear and cigarettes. The priority is the production of special machines, dump trucks, heavy-duty vehicles and motorcycles, as well as high-quality household electrical equipment, digital equipment and fine-fiber chemicals. Famous biochemical medicines are produced in Jinan.

Economic parameters:

The Shandong region's GDP in 2005 reached 187.65 billion yuan, an increase of 15.6%;
The total added value of industrial products was 73.4 billion yuan, an increase of 19.3%;
In 2009, agricultural, forestry, livestock and fishing products worth 20.44 billion yuan were sold for the entire year. The total grain harvest amounted to 2.427 million tons, an increase of 10.1%;
in 2005, the construction industry closed at 9.33 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4%;
in 2004, the total revenue of the city budget was 38.08 billion yuan, an increase of 20.7%;
the total volume of trade turnover reached 3.76 billion US dollars, an increase of 23.5% compared to the same period of the previous year;
in 2005, the total contract amount of attracted investments amounted to 1.1 billion US dollars, an increase of 63.6%;
actually used foreign capital in the amount of 510 million US dollars, an increase of 60.7%;
in 2004, for the whole year, the total amount of contracts for outsourcing and export of labor services amounted to 210 million US dollars, an increase of 173.8%;
in 2009, total foreign exchange earnings from the tourism industry amounted to 415.7 million US dollars, an increase of 12.7%;
As of 2009, the average distributed income of city residents was 12,310 yuan, an increase of 14%, and the average income of rural residents was 4,812 yuan, an increase of 14.6%.

Sights of Jinan (China)

Man-made (historical)

Since Jinan has the official status of “city of ancient culture and history” and is the center of Buddhist culture, of course there are many attractions that date back to ancient times. The monuments are under state protection and are considered tourist attractions. We list some religious ancient and truly unique attractions in the city of Jinan, photos of some are presented:

Artifacts of the Chinese Xihe culture - red-brown ceramics dating back to 8 thousand 400 BC and the Chinese Longshan culture - black ceramics made in 4 thousand 600 BC;
Ruins of an ancient Chinese city. It is considered the most ancient of all and had an area of 200 square meters. meters;
Mountain terraces and a well from the time of the Wu civilization (only the remains have survived);
Jinan Buddhist Temple

Great plot Chinese wall the period of the Qin dynasty, which reigned in the 3rd century BC and the Qi dynasty, whose reign dates back to the 5th century AD;
Pavilion in the garden where the Baotu spring is located

Buddha statues that were made during the Tai Dynasty and Sui Dynasty;
Four Gates Pagoda. Built in 661, the pagoda is recognized as one of the oldest surviving brick pagodas in all of China;
Remains of Shentong Temple. The temple was built in the 4th century; it is located below the “four gates” pagoda. Significant destruction was caused not by time, but by wars;
Statues in the "Mountain of a Thousand Buddhas". "Mountain of a Thousand Buddhas" is located southwest of the city and is a high hill in which numerous images of Buddhas are carved

Lingyuan Temple. The temple is located in Changqing County, and it was built during the reign of the Qin Dynasty. The temple had a particular flourishing and popularity during the reign of Tang and Song;
Provincial Museum of Shandong Province. This museum contains unique exhibits that belong to various historical eras;
Xinguochang Temple;
Han Dynasty Ancestral Temple. One of the oldest buildings in China, which has been perfectly preserved to this day, although the temple was built in the 1st century AD. The photo shows a relief dated 147

Man-made (modern)

Pond of Five Dragons

Monument in Jinbinshan Mountains;
Baotuquan Park

Jinxiuchuan Reservoir;
Jinan City Zoo;
Ski resort in Jinxiangshan Mountains of Jinan

Jinan Botanical Garden;
Great Bridge over the Yellow River

City Wildlife Park;
City spring area and much more.

Natural

The city of Jinan (Shandong Province) is famous in China and throughout the world for its numerous sources and cleanest lakes, which are fed by spring water. The city is also famous for its willows, which grow literally everywhere where there is water. In 1903, writer Liu E visited the city and described it in his novel The Journey of Lao Can (老残游记,) with the following phrase: “Every family has a spring, every house has a willow tree.”

Chinese Pearl Spring

Baotuquan Spring

In the center of the city there are most of the springs and they all flow into Daminghu Lake (or as it is also called Daming Lake). The most famous of the springs is considered to be the Baotu spring. It was described in the chronicles of Chunqiu, and the Qing Emperor Qianlong called this source “Number One in the Celestial Empire.” Groundwater flows to the source through three holes in the limestone. The water temperature is constant 18°C and it doesn’t matter whether it’s winter or summer. Baotu Spring is located in a green beautiful garden.

Baotu Spring

Education

Students from both China and all over the world study in Jinan (China). There are 7 universities, 3 institutes and 2 colleges.

Shandong University (山东大学)

Shandong University is the leading university in China, as well as practically the oldest, most prestigious and famous university in China. Founded in 1901, it was originally called “Shandong Higher School”. In 2001, it was included in the list as the highest priority university in the PRC. This list includes only 21 universities. The university teaches philosophy, economics, law, literature, history, natural sciences, management, medicine and pedagogy. Famous scientists, professors and academicians who are recognized not only in China but also in the world and are members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences teach here. The university has established connections with more than 70 universities from 50 countries. He cooperates with them and exchanges students with each other. Address: 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.

Jinan University (济南大学)

Jinan University is one of the oldest and most respected universities in China. Founded in 1906 in Nanjing. Afterwards, he moved from province to province more than once, even at one time functioning in Shanghai, until he finally settled in Shandong province. The university is proud of its training programs, as well as a unique organization educational process. Several graduates of this university became government leaders. Trains both his own people and foreign citizens. The university makes great efforts to spread knowledge of the Chinese language and Chinese culture throughout the world. He helps Chinese living abroad. In terms of the number of foreign students, Jinan University ranks 1st in China. Address: Guangyuan Road East, Tianhe, Guangzhou, China.

Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学)

Shandong Normal University is one of the oldest universities in China. Founded in 1950. The university has 23 faculties that teach philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, natural sciences, engineering and management. About 29 thousand students are accepted per year. The teaching staff of 2,600 teachers includes 1,809 full professors and 339 professors, including researchers. The library is one of the best libraries in Shandong province, equipped with modern computers. The university cooperates with 51 countries of the world and conducts interuniversity student exchanges. One of the few universities that provides government scholarships. Shandong normal university, Jinan, Shandong, China.

Qilu Normal University (齐鲁师范学院)

Shandong University of the Arts (山东艺术学院)

Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine (山东中医药大学)

The university was originally a college that was founded in 1958 and was located in the Lixia region. The college was granted university status in 1996 and moved to the Shandong region in 2007. The university specializes in pharmacology, as well as in the integration of TCM with modern Western medicine. Students are trained in 22 specialties. Both domestic and foreign students are accepted. The library has 1 million 800 thousand paper books and 470 thousand electronic ones. Address: Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.

Shandong Polytechnic University

The university is located in the city of Zibo, which is a 40-minute drive from Jinan. Founded in 1959. study programs: mechanical engineering, faculties of transport and communications, electronic engineering, electronic computing, chemical engineering, biological sciences, natural sciences, literature, foreign languages, law, economics, arts, music, physical education and textiles. There are 45 buildings on the territory of the university; it occupies a truly huge territory and has amazing rounded paths and roads. There are also cheap student dormitories, canteens, shops, three stadiums and numerous sports grounds. Address: No. 12 Zhangzhou Road, Zhangdian, Zibo, Shandong, China.

Shandong Financial Institute (山东财政学院)

Shandong Institute of Finance is a university offering financial and economic programs. Founded in 1986 by the Government of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Finance of China. The management of the university was taken over by central and local authorities. It has 14 faculties that teach accounting, management, computer information, economics, foreign languages, humanities, international trade, physical education and much more. The teaching staff consists of 1000 teachers, including 325 professors and associate professors. The university has modern high-tech laboratories, multimedia classrooms, language laboratories, etc. This university (Jinan) has friendly inter-university relations with 30 universities and colleges in more than 10 countries such as Russia, Great Britain, the United States of America, France, Holland, Australia and Korea.

Shandu Architectural Institute (山东建筑大学)

Jinan Railway Polytechnic Institute (济南铁道职业技术学院)

Shandong Institute of Physical Culture (山东体育学院)

Shandong College of Art and Design (山东工艺美术学院)

Shandong College of Electrical Engineering (山东电子职业技术学院)

Jinan Hotels (China)

Sofitel Jinan Silver Plaza 5*

This is a five star hotel, one of the best in Jinan. The hotel offers the following services: health club, sauna, indoor swimming pool, fitness club and hair salon. Business services include secretarial services and a state-of-the-art business center. You can also exchange currency directly at the hotel and, if necessary, expedite check-out. There is a restaurant and bar/lounge on site. Almost all the service staff speaks English, and some of them speak several foreign languages. Please note: Sofitel Jinan Silver Plaza is strictly a non-smoking hotel. If this rule is violated by guests, then a substantial fine will be charged. Address: China, Jinan, Sofitel Jinan Silver Plaza, 66 Luoyuan Avenue. Room rate per night from 53 euros.

Crowne Plaza Jinan 4*

Crowne Plaza Jinan features a health club, an indoor pool, a spa tub, and a steam room. Located in Jinan, Shandong, China, this hotel features several massage and treatment rooms. Business services include: business center, high speed Internet access, meeting rooms (for small groups) and business services. There is a restaurant, bar/lounge and cafeteria/café on site. The hotel offers a complimentary breakfast each morning. 24-hour room service. Conditions for holding events: banquet hall, exhibition area and assistance in organizing banquets. There is also a very convenient service such as transportation or transfer to the airport, of course for a separate, strictly fixed fee. Please note: Crowne Plaza Jinan is strictly a non-smoking hotel. If this rule is violated by guests, then a substantial fine will be charged. Address: 3 Tian Di Tan Street. Room rate per day from 44 euros.

Grand Metropark Qihui 4*

Grand Metropark Qihui features a health club, indoor pool and hair salons. Located in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, this hotel also features business services such as a business center, high-speed Internet access and a meeting room. There is a restaurant, bar and cafeteria on site. Address: 10 Xianxi Lane Quancheng Road. Room cost per day is 42 euros.

Yuquan Simpson 3*

This is a three star hotel, but it is comfortable, clean, and has friendly staff. The hotel features a health club, indoor swimming pool, fitness club and hair salon. Business services include secretarial services and a business center. You can also exchange currency directly at the hotel. There is a restaurant and bar/lounge on site. Address: 68 Luoyuan Avenue Jinan. Room cost per day is 40 euros.

Jinan cuisine

Shandong cuisine is the leading cuisine in the entire Yellow River basin, which is almost ½ of the entire territory of China. This kitchen is famous for its huge range of food products, unique cutting skills and precise choice of fire mode. A distinctive feature of Shandong cuisine is that chefs know how to prepare the same dish in different ways, and there are a great many of these ways. Shandong cuisine is divided into three main directions: the first is Jinan cuisine, the second is Jiaodong cuisine and the third is Kungfu cuisine.

Jinan cuisine is known for light and low-fat dishes. Due to the fact that the Yellow River, rich in fish, flows through the city, the food in Jinan in most cases is fish and crabs. And thanks to the fact that the river waters make the soil fertile, fruits and vegetables, as well as grain crops, are also at their best here. Favorite seasonings are onions and garlic, although green onions, cabbage, anise, ginger and even sweet beans are used in large quantities.

Chicken meatball soup- very tender soup. Meatballs are served with noodles and chopped fresh green onions.

Fish with red scales- a locally famous dish prepared in Jinan restaurants. Not any fish is fried in this way, but only a special type that lives in the lake on Zhejiang Mountain. The fins of this fish are streaked with bright red, and the scales are golden in color. The fish is dipped in oil and fried until it becomes red and hard. The strangest thing: the fish amazes with its vitality. Even with her stomach ripped open, being already in the oil, she still struggles and squirms. Therefore, the fish is served to the table with a bent tail.

Carp in sweet and sour sauce- a dish that occupies a special place in Jinan cuisine. The carp is cut on all sides and dipped in beaten eggs. Fried in oil. During frying, the body of the fish bends into a crescent shape. Always served with red sweet and sour sauce.

Dezhou Braised Chicken. Chickens are raised in a special way. Chickens are cooked so that the finished meat becomes red in color and easily separates from the bones, but the shape of the carcass itself does not change.

In the city of Jinan, cuisine, price and quality do not always correspond to each other. Sometimes you can pay for a simple oyster fried in oil as for a full meal in a restaurant. And sometimes, on the contrary, the price is low, but the quality, portions and taste of the dish are excellent.

Jinan cuisine is characterized by one distinctive feature - almost all fast food dishes. This is why the dishes remain light and tender. Meat and seafood, poultry and vegetables go well together. Basically, the cuisine has a neutral taste and is familiar to Europeans, which cannot be said about other cities and provinces of China.

Xi'an, Sanya, Urumqi, Xining, etc. Airplanes from 40 Chinese lines and several international lines, for example, Bangkok (Thailand) and Moscow (Russia) airlines.

Train

Jinan Railway Station is the largest and oldest railway station in Shandong Province. It is in excellent condition. Two pass through it railway lines: Beijing-Shanghai and Qingdao-Jinan. Trains pass through Guangzhou, Lianyungang, Urumqi, etc.

Jinan East Railway Station – small station local significance. The Jinan-Luoyang direct train has a convenient route, passes through many small cities in the province, and the duration of the train from start to finish will take 16 hours. Also at this station there are trains on the routes: Qingdao-Dandong, Qingdao-Taiyuan and Beijing-Weihai.

Bus

There are two main bus stations in the city. The first terminal is located at No. 131 Jiluo Road, Jinan. Buses travel to literally all directions of the province. There are separate buses operating tourist routes. They go through the most significant places so that tourists can, without getting off the bus, short term, see as many attractions of Jinan as possible. The second bus station is the East Bus Terminal, its address is Jiefang, Jinan.

There are a lot of buses in Jinan - 100 routes. The cost of a trip on a regular bus route is 1 yuan. There are no conductors, so you need to go out the front door and put exactly 1 yuan in a special bag; change is not provided. If the bus has air conditioning (even if it doesn't, but it does), the fare will be 2 yuan. Cost of one trip to tourist bus also 2 yuan.

Taxi

Taxis are everywhere, on the streets, at the airport, railway stations, near hotels, restaurants, etc. There is no point in negotiating payment with the taxi driver. Taxi fares in Jinan are strictly fixed: the first 3 km costs 6 yuan, and each subsequent kilometer costs 2.5 yuan.

Theaters in Jinan

Shandong Theater

Address: No. 117 Wenhua Xi Road, Lixia District, Jinan.

Shandong Song and Dance Theater

Address: No. 123 Wenhua Xi Road, Lixia District, Jinan.

Lishan Theater. Address: No. 112 Lishan Road, Lixia District, Jinan.
Theater of the masses Address: No. 855, Longitude 7 Road, Jinan.
Vast Sky Theater. Address: No. 8, Two Seven Residential District South Road, Jinan.
Grand Theater in Jinan

The grand opening of the new Grand Theater in Jinan recently took place. The pride of the city. Most of the facilities are already operational. The theater is located on the “green axes of the city.”

Jinan Stores (China)

Shandong Crafts Store. Address: No. 188 Jingxi Road, Jinan.
Shandong Antique Shop. Address: No.1, Gongqingtuan, Jinan.
Silver Plaza Shopping Center. Address: No. 66 Luoyuan Avenue, Jinan.
Jinan Shopping Center

Address: No. 571, Jing"er, Jinan.

Guihe Shopping Center

Address: No. 1, Tan TiandiJie, Lixia District, Jinan.

Ginza. Address: No. 66 Luoyuan Street, Jinan.
Jinan International Trade Building. Address: No. 451 Beiyuan Road, Jinan.
Jinan Department Store. Address: No. 264 Kuenkang Road, Jinan.
Venelli. An official Benelli motorcycle store has opened in Jinan.

Sports Jinan

Football club

I would like to draw your attention to football, which is popular in the city of Jinan. The Jinan Shandong Luneng club is recognized as one of the strongest football clubs in China. Since 1994, the club began to play in the Super League. The team took first place in the Chinese Championship in 1999, 2006, 2008 and 2010. She also won the Chinese Cup in 19995, 1999, 2004 and 2006.

Basketball club

The Jinan City Basketball Club "Shandong Lions" currently plays in the Chinese Basketball Association. Until 2003, the club was called Shandong Flaming Bulls. However, she did not achieve any significant success and she also never made it to the playoff finals.

Conclusion

The Chinese city of Jinan will captivate tourists with its unique ancient monuments and buildings (after all, the city is 4000 years old), its clean air and countless springs. Also, students from different countries world to receive a decent, modern and highly qualified education. Gourmets flock to this city to taste the delicate and delicious dishes of Shandong cuisine. Many are interested in Jinan as a manufacturer of high-quality household appliances, medicines or textiles. Whatever you say, the city of Jinan, Shandong Province in China, is a city where two seemingly incompatible trends meet - antiquity and modernity.

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