Rome is a must visit. What to visit in Rome - five unexplored places and the top ten attractions. Basilica of San Clemente: a journey into the depths of eras

How to see all the most important things in the capital of Italy and at the same time have time to enjoy the unique atmosphere of the eternal city in 3 days? In this article - detailed routes, ticket prices and opening hours of attractions. If you are traveling to Rome for 1 day or 2 days, then simply choose the appropriate route: ancient city, central part or Vatican. Prepare for your trip in advance and find out what to see in Rome in 3 days.

Ticket prices and visiting hours for museums and attractions are presented for 2019.

1 day in Rome

Start your walk around the city from the main thing and see the Colosseum in Rome. This is the most iconic Roman landmark, without visiting which it is impossible to imagine the capital of Italy.

It is better to combine the three most important sites of ancient Roman civilization, including the Palatine and the Roman Forum, in one walk, especially since you can buy a single ticket to visit them, and they are located not far from each other.

The easiest way to get to Colosseo Square is by metro. You need to get off at the station of the same name. When you go up, you will immediately see a huge (by ancient Roman standards) arena with many arches - this is the famous Colosseum. Examine it from the outside, go inside. This structure was truly the largest in the history of the ancient world.

The amphitheater is open from April to September daily from 9.00 to 19.00, from March to April - from 9.00 to 17.00, from January to March - from 9.00 to 16.00, from October to January - from 9.00 to 15.00.

Next to the Colosseum is the ancient Palatine Hill, in the vastness of which there are ancient temples, buildings and structures. Some of them are perfectly preserved, while others only have columns left.

It was from this hill that the history of the eternal city began, so visiting it is a must to get acquainted with the history of Rome.

Palatine opening hours: from 8.30 to 17.00 daily, and from March to September until 19.00.

Roman forum

Another center of ancient Roman civilization is the Roman Forum (Forum Romanum). This is where the main buildings are concentrated ancient city, which over time turned into delightful ruins. However, according to the outlines of many of them, architecture is easily reproduced in the imagination ancient city. Having climbed to the top of the slope, take in the entire area at one glance and take a photo as a souvenir.

Visiting hours: from 8.30 to 17.00 daily, and from March to September until 19.00.

Tickets

Don't be put off by having to stand in a long line. Buy a single ticket at the Palatine Hill ticket office, located on Via di San Gregorio, number 30, or Piazza Santa Maria Nova, number 53 (only 200 m from the Colosseum), or at Forum box office. This ticket is valid for 24 hours and gives you skip-the-line access to all three attractions. It costs 12 Euros per adult and is free for children under 18 years of age.

Most likely, visiting these large-scale historical sites will take you the first half of the day. To gain strength, you can have lunch at an authentic restaurant not far from the Forum and go past the Altar of the Fatherland for a walk to Piazza Venezia, and from there to the Capitoline Hill.

Venice Square (Piazza Venezia) is famous for the palace of the same name, from the balcony of which Mussolini spoke to citizens. Currently located here National Museum Palazzo Venezia and museum wax figures Chere. Opening hours: daily, except Mondays, from 8.30 to 19.30. The ticket costs 5 Euro.

On the way to Piazza Venice there is the Altar of the Fatherland (Altare della Patria) or Vittoriano (Il Vittoriano). This is a memorial erected by the architect G. Sakonni for the anniversary of the unification of Italy. First opened in 1911, its construction took 26 years.

In the center of the memorial stands a monument to Victor Emmanuel II, made of bronze. The Altar can be reached via a wide staircase.

By taking the elevator for 7 Euros to the observation deck, you can admire the wonderful view of the city.

Capitol Hill and museums

Further along the route – (Monte Capitolino). The main attractions in this place are Michelangelo's staircase, which is decorated with sculptures of lions brought from Egyptian temple the goddess Isis, as well as majestic statues from the theater of Pompeii. In the central part of the square there is a statue of Marcus Aurelius.

Here you can visit three palaces with Capitoline museums and see the original sculpture of the She-Wolf feeding Remus and Romulus, a symbol of the famous legend about the origin of Rome.

Don't be confused by the similar sculpture at the entrance to the museum, because it is only a copy. Museum opening hours: daily from 9.30 to 19.30, ticket price – 16 Euro. Among them there are museums that can be visited for free.

2 day in Rome

On the second day, you can stroll through the main squares of the city with majestic palaces, luxurious fountains and ancient churches. And, of course, look into the Pantheon in Rome.

Start your walk from Piazza del Popolo. You can get here by metro - you need to get off at the station of the same name. Pause for a moment in this delightful square and admire the Egyptian obelisk and three fountains: Neptune, the Goddess of Rome and the central fountain. The Church of Santa Maria del Popolo is also located here.

Along the way, turn slightly left to see the famous Spanish Steps (Scalinata di Spagna), strewn with flowers in summer time, and tourists enjoying the sunny weather. At the top rises the temple of Trinità dei Monti (Scalinata di Trinità dei Monti).

There is always a festive atmosphere in Piazza di Spagna, especially on High fashion, which are held here every summer.

The capital of the beautiful country of Italy is Rome. This city is simply beautiful and rich in historical and architectural monuments. It has its own centuries-old history, rich in events. There is a saying that says: “Until you visit Rome, it is impossible to fully understand Italy.”

Rome has many attractions that are worth visiting. As they say, all roads lead to Rome.

So, I present to your attention 10 places that are worth visiting in Rome.

1. Roman Forum

At one time, this particular place became political, commercial and religious center in Ancient Rome.
This delightful group of buildings includes the following: the Temple of Vespasian, built in 81, the Church of St. Joseph, Curia - the seat of the Roman Senate, the arch of Septimius Severus, the columns of the temples of Pollux and Castor, built in 484 BC, the remains of the House of the Vestals, the temple of Faustina and Anthony.

2. Stole

This is the oldest hill of Rome, which is famous for its grandiose palaces of the emperors. In addition to the palaces, on the hill there is Trajan’s Column 40 meters high.

3. Pantheon

The most famous and famous monument of Ancient Rome. It was built back in 27 BC. Within its walls are stored the remains of many famous people, for example, Raphael and others.

4. Colosseum

This is the most significant and famous monument in Italy. Its construction began back in 72 BC. Its opening was celebrated for exactly 100 days. This is the largest amphitheater in the world. There they held fights with animals and with gladiators, and even filled the arena with water and watched fights of sea animals.

5. Travi Fountain

Although this is not the most beautiful fountain Rome, but he is the most famous. Represents Neptune on a chariot. The legend of the fountain is this: if you throw 1 coin there, you will definitely return to Rome, if you throw 2 coins, you will fall in love with this wonderful city.

6. Spanish steps

It was built to connect Via del Babuino with Via Felice. This is the most popular date spot in all of Rome.

7. Vatican

This is the most small state in the world. Its historical center is the Cathedral of St. Petra. This cathedral is also considered the emblem of Rome.
As you know, the Pope lives there.
Many popes have already been buried on its territory.
Now many celebrities are buying places for themselves in those parts, as they want to be buried on holy land.

8. Baths of Caracalla

This is a complex of ruins that amazes with its grandeur and splendor. They are simply grandiose, and testify to the luxury in which Roman civilization developed.
Previously, there were swimming pools, gymnasiums, baths, gardens, restaurants, shops, libraries, theaters.

A selection of the 10 most famous Roman historical attractions. It will be very interesting to take a tour of these places in the capital of Italy - Rome. Lively, modern Rome, filled with its atmosphere amazing story, is an unusual iconic place in the world. When visiting, most people make it a point to visit all the important historical sites. Therefore, we have compiled a list of the most important of them. Let's see!

The Colosseum is for Rome iconic place. This one large amphitheater Ancient Rome is a symbol of the city, the same in importance as, for example, the Eiffel Tower for Paris. Many people know this building as the Colosseum, but it would be more correct to call it the Flavian Amphitheater - in honor of its builders, the Flavian dynasty. The beginning of construction of the Colosseum dates back to 72 BC - it was then that the Roman emperor Vespasian began construction. Construction lasted for 8 years and was completed in 80 BC. Emperor Titus, son of Vespasian. For the Romans, the Colosseum was the venue for various games, including the famous gladiator fights. Today, the remains of the Colosseum are protected by the Italian government as a cultural heritage site. The tragic history of these places inspired Ridley Scott to create the film Gladiator, starring Russell Crowe.

The Trevi Fountain is probably the most famous fountain in the city. The fountain was made famous in the film “La Dolce Vita» (« Sweet life") directed by Federico Fellini, starring actress Anita Ekberg. It was built according to the design of the architect Salvi in ​​1735, along with numerous sculptures presented during his grand opening. It is worth noting that Trevi is also the most big fountain in Rome - its height is 25.9 m and its width is 19.8 m. Every year thousands of people visit the place where the fountain is located to throw a few coins into it, with the hope of returning to Rome a second time.

There is a whole ensemble in Rome Imperial forums. There is the Forum of Caesar, the Forum of Augustus, the Forum of Peace, the Forum of Nerva and the Forum of Trajan (pictured). The entire furnishings here have been left untouched since ancient Roman times. The breath of that time can be heard very clearly here. It is a very unusual feeling to step on the same stones that such celebrities as Caesar and Trajan walked on.

The Roman Forum is a place of active social and political life in Ancient Rome. For Roman civilization it was one of best places for town meetings, discussions of various public issues, holding courts and important religious events. Among the most important buildings are the Arch of Titus, built around 70 AD, the Basilica of Maxentius, the Arch of Septimius Severus and the Via Sacra, which rises to the Capitoline Hill.

Piazza Novona is a rectangular Roman square, formerly the stadium of Domitian. To this day, it has retained its original elliptical shape of the ancient stadium. This is definitely one of the most beautiful and famous squares in Rome. Here are unique masterpieces by masters such as Bernini, Borromini and Giacomo della Porta. Among them are three fountains: Bernini's Fountain of the Four Rivers, the Moore Fountain and the Calderoni Fountain designed by Giacomo della Porta. Local artists come here with the aim of capturing both tourists and Romans on their canvases against a unique background. It's a good place to spend an evening in some cozy bar, enjoying good wine and soaking up the atmosphere of the ancient city.

Piazza Venezia is another Roman square. It is located in the center of Rome at the foot of the Capitol not far from the Roman Forum. There is also a gigantic building built entirely of marble and decorated with bronze statues and numerous bas-reliefs. This monumental structure is called Vittoriano, and it was built in honor of the first king of a united Italy, Victor Emmanuel II. Some cannot understand why this monument is needed and compare it to a giant inkwell or a wedding cake lacking elegance and in no way harmonizing with the environment.

The Capitoline Temple is located on the Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome. Senate meetings and various meetings of Roman residents used to be held here. The square on which it is located has unique features: it is trapezoidal in shape, there is a statue of Marcus Aurelius and the magnificent palaces are decorated with statues and fountains. The piazza was partly designed by Michelangelo.

Our list would not be complete without mentioning St. Peter. The Basilica of San Pietro is located in the Vatican, which has been the residence of the Pope since 1377. St. Peter's Basilica is famous all over the world and is an authoritative place catholic religion. The beauty of his performance shows the importance of his role. The most prominent architects and artists, including Raphael, Michelangelo, Bernini, Giacomo della Porta and Domenico Fontana, took part in the creation of this Catholic cathedral. The dome of the basilica is clearly visible from many areas of the city and dominates most of its panoramas.

Piazza di Spagna is famous for its staircase, consisting of 138 steps that lead to the church of Trinita dei Monti). These steps can be seen in many films, and are also associated with catwalk shows by leading fashion designers. Around the square there are many famous designer stores, including Armani, Versace, Valentino and many others.

The Pantheon is a huge monument built during the Roman Empire (circa 80 AD) and is incredibly well preserved. The building with a huge dome in the open upper part is attractive for photographers. The light entering the temple creates an almost surreal atmosphere when it rains! Inside are the tombs of famous people such as Raphael.

Traveling to Rome on a budget? Do you think this is impossible? Don't believe anyone who says that everything in Rome is very expensive!

Yes, to get to many museums in Rome you have to pay expensive tickets, but there are many museums and galleries in Rome that are free. Look at the list compiled by BILETYPLUS.ru specialists, a list of museums and various places that are free to visit in Rome:

1. The Pantheon Temple in Rome, which has the largest cement dome in the world

2. St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican

3. Piazza Navona, like a magnet, attracts tourists day and night.

4. The Spanish Steps in Rome are one of the most popular places just sit, spend time during the day watching street performers

5. Piazza Boca della Verita in Rome

6. Throw a coin into the Trevi Fountain - the largest fountain in Rome with a height of 25.9 meters and a width of 19.8 meters

7. Panorama of Rome from the Vittoriano observation deck. You can pay 7 euros and take the elevator, but there are many and free places for an overview of the city from the Vittoriano monument.

8. Villa Borghese - Roman landscape park in a natural English manner, occupying the Pincio hill.

9. Jewish Ghetto – mandatory place to visit, to get acquainted with the atmosphere, local traditions, studios and kosher shops.

10. Walk along the Appian Way (Via Appia Antica)

11. Be sure to visit the Trastevere district, south of the Vatican - one of the most colorful and romantic quarters of Rome

12. Don't be shy and take advantage of the free walking tour. Visit //www.newromefreetour.com/ for information and details on how and where these free Rome tours are organized.

13. Walk through one of the non-Catholic cemeteries. An unusual experience.

14. Visit Historical Museum Liberation (Museo Storico della Liberazione) and you will plunge into the history of Rome. This museum once served as a center for the SS during World War II.

15. Church of Santa Prassede (Chiesa di Santa Prassede) is a great place to see the works of Byzantine masters.

16. EUR – an almost unknown area of ​​Rome. With its many arches, the Palazzo della Civita del Lavoro cannot help but be compared to the aesthetics of the Colosseum in Rome. Be sure to visit this place!

17. Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria - a small church located in the eastern part of Rome, near Piazza Barberini. The church was built by the Discalced Carmelite Order in 1605 as the Church of St. Pavel. Check out this interesting place.

18. The beautiful architectural creation of Giannicolo in Rome is extraordinary architectural solution and worthy of your attention!

19. Arco degli Acetari Square

20. Church of San Pietro in Vincoli (Chiesa di San Pietro in Vincoli) - a church built in the 5th century.

21. Church of Santa Maria del Priorato on the Aventine Hill. The temple is located on Piazza Cavalieri di Malta (Priorato dei Cavalieri di Malta)

22. Walking around Rome at night is my favorite activity local residents, and tourists!

23. Baroque Church – Chiesa di San Luigi dei Francesi – don’t miss this place!

24. Campo de’ Fiori is a rectangular square right in the center of Rome.

25. Be sure to take time to walk around the Quartiere Coppede area - look at the villas, towers and numerous arches - an artistically extraordinary and unique area of ​​​​Rome!

26. Piazza del Popolo – there is always something going on in this square! Do not miss!

27. Teatro di Marcello - Teatro di Marcello - built by Octavian Augustus in the 12th century BC is worthy of your special attention!

28. Largo di Torre Argentina Square - Largo di Torre Argentina - the place where Julius Caesar was killed. Visit this place and mentally recall the events of that time!

29. In the summer, Rome is full of free concerts. Be sure to find out what concerts are taking place in the city while you are there and attend these interesting events!

30. Piazza del Campidoglio – Piazza del Campidoglio is one of the most extraordinary public places in Rome, designed by Michelangelo!

31. Trojan's Column - a column in Trajan's Forum in Rome, created by the architect Apollodorus of Damascus in 113 AD. in honor of Trajan's victories over the Dacians.

32. Garbatella – Garbatella is a quarter where sophisticated people can discover residential buildings from the 1920s and 30s. This quarter is a prime example of how construction in Rome never goes according to plan! Tangled streets and tiny angular squares! Don't miss this quarter!

33. Take a walk around Circo Massimo! Be sure to visit the Trastevere district, south of the Vatican - one of the most colorful and romantic quarters of Rome. The Church of Santa Prassede is a great place to see the works of Byzantine masters

And our list of places in Rome that you can visit for free on certain days:

34. Colosseum, Palatino and Roman Forum - free on the first Sunday of every month

35. Vatican Museum – free entry on the last Sunday of every month

36. All state museums are open free of charge on the first Sunday of every month

37. Weekly audience with the Pope – free every Wednesday morning

38. Porta Portese Market – free every Sunday morning

39. Palazzo Montecitorio – Palazzo di Montecitorio – first Sunday of every month free admission

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The history of the Eternal City goes back centuries and amazes with its versatility. Hundreds of architectural monuments, parks, and the residential buildings themselves allow tourists to take a tour of the times of the great Roman Empire, the Renaissance and Classicism, and get to know the modern bustling metropolis: from its origins to the present day. Every time you leave Rome, you are left with the feeling of “not enough...”: you missed it, you didn’t see it, you didn’t hear it enough. It seems that no matter how many times you come here, there will always be unseen sights, untrodden streets and unheard legends of the old city.

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When planning a trip, you need to correctly understand the scale of this museum city. If you plan to stay for several days, you can think through and build routes that allow you to get a comprehensive experience. We'll tell you what you can see on your own in Rome in four days.

It's worth spending your first day in Rome exploring the historical part of the city. The main attractions, preserved from the period of Antiquity, are located quite compactly. And ideal for exploring on foot. It is better to start the program with the Colosseum, moving from which you can successively see other buildings.

Coliseum

Looking at tourist map the central, historical part of Rome, you instantly get a sense of its enormous size and complexity. But this is far from true. The main attractions of the ancient city are located compactly, and getting to know the old city fits perfectly into the routes hiking. The starting point for our route of the first day, of course, will be the symbol of Ancient Rome - the Colosseum.

The easiest way to get to the Colosseum is by metro “B” (blue line), the station is called COLLOSSEO. By the way, about the metro. The layouts of the Roman metro are very simple, the names of the stops are clear, but the stations themselves are unremarkable. Tickets for travel on the metro are purchased from vending machines, and the cost of one trip is 1.5 €.

You will see the majestic antique building immediately when you reach the surface of the station. It is simply impossible to be disappointed here: the Colosseum is beautiful and unusual. To get inside, you need to purchase a ticket. Arriving here in the morning, you will be simply lucky, since the queue of those wishing to touch the great will consist of only a couple of hundred people. For comparison, during the day you can spend three to four hours in line.

For convenience, tourists are offered to purchase a single ticket (12€). It includes a visit not only to the Colosseum, but also to two more architectural complexes: the Roman Forum and the Palatino. By the way, such a ticket is sold not only at the entrance near the Colosseum, but also at the ticket office on the Via di San Gregorio, near the Palatino Hill (there is always less of a queue here). Visits to the main ancient complexes are possible daily from 9 am until dark.

The Colosseum amazes not only with its scale, but also with its thoughtful layout. An uncountable number of exits allowed 50 thousand spectators to leave the Colosseum in 5-10 minutes. The Roman Forum will greet you with a cemetery of destroyed columns and fragments of temples. Here only your imagination will help, which will take you to the ancient world with the Arch of Titus, the Basilica of Maxentius, the Senate Chamber, the Temple of Vesta, and the Via Sacra.

Basilica of Saint Clement

To the east of the Colosseum is the ancient architectural complex, which has all the features of the early Christian church. The first basilica was buried in a fire. The Norman raid on Rome in the twelfth century was painted red. Surprisingly, even fire could not destroy some of the frescoes remaining from the first church. Even today they have not lost their vivid colors - broken stained glass of details from the life of St. Clement.

True, the design style of the frescoes is unusual - it resembles comics that are popular today, but the phrases uttered by the characters are far from the canons of high language - vulgarism and vernacular. Entrance to the basilica is free, but only to the upper level. A ticket to the lower levels will cost 5 €, but not for going down the steps, but for diving under the arches of the third century - ancient temple Mithras with a marble altar.

Basilica of San Pietro in Viconi

The church appeared in Rome in the fifth century. It was here that a unique artifact was kept for a long time - the chains with which St. Peter was shackled. They were brought from Jerusalem at one time. True, today it is known mainly due to the fact that Julius II was buried in the local crypt. From that moment on, the architectural vector of the basilica changed dramatically: an arched gallery, a marble floor, a wooden ceiling - this became an excellent backdrop for the works of Michelangelo Buanarroti, who not only painted the church, but also created the stunning sculptural composition “Moses”.

Like many tourist sites Rome, the basilica is located near the Colosseum. You can get here using the metro - Colosseo and Cavour stations on line B. Or by bus to the Colosseo or Cavour-Annibaldi stops.

Triumphal Arch of Titus

The very phrase “Arc de Triomphe” inevitably evokes associations with a similar monument in Paris, but if you want to see a truly great structure, you should definitely go to Rome. The triumphal arch of Titus is one of the two arches of the Forum Square that has survived to this day - a cemetery of ancient columns. Both arches were built in the first century AD. The Parisian arch and many similar monuments are imitations of the ancient original.

Her architectural appearance quite modest - it is decorated with three statues and reliefs in the passage of the arch, but in this modesty one can easily read real solemnity and nobility. The height of the arch is relatively small - just over fifteen meters, but this monumental monument made of Pentelic marble, brought from Attica itself, makes you freeze with delight.

Theater of Marcellus

In one tourist vector there are such attractions as the Mouth of Truth, the Capitol, the Jewish Quarter and the Theater of Marcellus, which can be reached on foot from Circo Massimo station. This is perhaps one of the most significant buildings in Italy. It adorns the right bank of the Tiber. The Theater of Marcellus is the direct predecessor of the notorious Colosseum. Its construction was carried out on an unprecedented scale, which is not surprising, since the project itself was developed by Julius Caesar, and Octavian Augustus took up the implementation.

Today, the Theater of Marcellus is a somewhat grotesque structure: the arches of the first tier are well preserved - festivals are still held here today, the second tier is largely destroyed, and instead of the third tier you will find twelfth-century buildings and more modern residential buildings.

Roman forum

The Roman Forum is the stronghold of the historical part of the city. The former market, on the territory of which the social, commercial and political life of Rome was once concentrated, is today a kind of square around which the pagan temples. Thanks to the excavations of the last three centuries, the Roman Forum was able to acquire its current cultural status.

Now it is precisely this that is the centripetal one, around which the Capitol, the Sacred Road, the Temple of Saturn and other monuments are located. You can get here through Foli Imperiali street, from the side of the Capitol, or past the Temple of Concord and the Mamertine prison. Admission ticket for the territory it will cost 12 €. Additionally, you can purchase an audio guide for 4€.

Golden House of Nero

Among the European sites that claimed the status of a royal residence, the Golden House of Nero was considered the largest. Its construction is directly related to the events of 64, when most of Rome was destroyed in a fire. Today, scientists are still arguing about the size of the territory that was adjacent to this residence. For a better understanding, it is enough to say that its dimensions are equivalent to the territory of the Champs Elysees, the Louvre and the Tuileries combined.

The center of this “little world” was, in fact, the palace, which received its name due to the presence of a gilded dome that crowned the building. The palace was built on a grand scale - a modest 36-meter statue of Nero was quite organically placed in the hallway alone. It is worth keeping in mind that all that remains of its former scale are the ruins of the Golden House itself, decorated with frescoes. Many underground rooms survived. A visit to this place will cost 16€.

Capitol Square

The history of this place is directly connected with the name of Michelangelo, who at one time actively created projects for the reconstruction of the city, some of which he managed to implement. His most significant creations are located on Capitol Hill. The Capitoline Square, which thanks to the efforts of this brilliant master acquired a trapezoidal shape, is one of them. This beautiful symmetrical ensemble is richly decorated with bas-reliefs, inscriptions and sculptural groups.

It is worth keeping in mind that the Capitoline Square was truly significant even before it became the focus of Michelangelo's work. Since ancient times, the voices of imperial heralds have been heard here, and public meetings and ceremonies have been held. According to legend, it was here that Emperor Augustus heard the prophecy of the birth of Christ. The triumph of antiquity - these are the words that come to mind when you see Capitol Square.

Trajan's Forum

The construction of the forum is associated with the name of Emperor Trajan, who decided to build it after a stunning victory over the kingdom of Daiquir. Some see this gesture as an attempt to eclipse the glory of Alexander the Great’s campaign, but whatever the reasons, Trajan’s Forum became the largest building of this kind that existed at that time. Art critics still speak admiringly of the structure of the forum: the graceful curve of the triumphal arch turns into a colonnade with plenty of seating. The structure is covered with a roof.

Among the most striking elements of the forum are the Basilica of Ulpia and Trajan's Column made of marble, completely entwined with bas-reliefs that have historical authenticity. The great emperor himself is buried under this column. It is impossible to miss Trajan's Forum - it is located in the area of ​​Palazzo Valentini and Piazza Venezia. It is best to go here at dawn - there is less chance of being buried under an avalanche of enthusiastic tourists.

Trajan's Market

This market is also a component of the forum. Essentially, it is something like shopping center in antique format. To raise the authority of the empire and demonstrate its wealth, Trajan ordered the opening of 150 shops and workshops, which were supposed to face the square, not the city. This design is called a “showcase”.

In addition to retail outlets, there were taverns and taverns. Gradually the size of the market increased, and soon it grew to five floors. Today, on the site of the former market there is a large museum dedicated to the Roman Forums. A visit to it will cost 14 €, but you should understand that with this ticket you can also visit a number of other museums and exhibitions.

Second day

Plan the second day of your visit to Rome as a walking day, filling you with new impressions of antiquity and restoring you from the active previous route.

Piazza del Popolo

It is not surprising that this particular building was once called “People’s Square”. It is still one of the most popular venues in Rome today. Piazza del Popolo is easily recognizable due to the presence of seemingly identical churches and the obelisk of Flaminia. In the evenings, many representatives of modern art movements and young people who want to have a colorful time gather here. But this impression of an eternal holiday is fleeting for this place. Once upon a time, the city guillotine was installed here.

Another unpleasant fact is connected with the history of the square. The infamous Emperor Nero was buried in Piazza del Popolo, but the people's dislike for him was not annulled with his death. There were rumors that the evil spirit of the tyrant had not rested. The decomposing body was thrown into the river. And at the burial site they built one of the twin churches, which in fact are not twin churches. One of them forms an oval, and the second a circle in the perimeter.

Via del Corso

After strolling through Piazza del Popolo, do not rush to leave. It is better to continue your walk and end up on one of the most unusual streets in Rome - Via del Corso, which connects Piazza del Popolo with Piazza Venezia. What is unique about this street? Everything is quite simple: it is one of the oldest in the Eternal City, but it is also the most beloved by modern shopaholics.

The historical buildings house numerous boutiques and cafes that offer quality products at prices that are reasonable for Rome. Paradoxically, the concentrated spirit of antiquity is in perfect harmony with the lively side of the modern metropolis.

Spanish steps

In fact, the Spanish Steps could very well be the French Steps. It is difficult to say whether in this case we would have seen a solemn baroque in travertine of 138 steps, or whether this monument would have looked completely different. One thing is for sure - the victory of the Spanish diaspora made it possible to give birth to one of the most beautiful monuments of this type in Europe. The Spanish Steps are especially beautiful in the spring, when the azalea takes on a delicate color.

It is noteworthy that the staircase has different widths along its entire length. To climb it, you need to get off at Spagna metro station, from which you can easily reach Piazza di Spagni, the square where the base of the stairs is located. At the very top is the Church of the Holy Trinity, where you can also look, if only for the grace of the figure of Christ created by Daniele da Volterra.

Trevi Fountain

What to do to be sure to return to Rome again? It's simple: take a coin, stand with your back to the Trevi Fountain and throw it into the water. Did you hear splashing? Great, your chance of returning to the Eternal City has increased dramatically. The fountain decorates the space in front of the Palazzo Poli. This pompous building was created according to the sketches of Bernini himself, who became famous as a theater sculptor. Today the Trevi Fountain is considered a classic place of pilgrimage for tourists.

Everyone wants to see with their own eyes the large-scale composition, in the center of which is the ruler of the seas, Netun, holding the reins of a shell-chariot harnessed to seahorses. A nice bonus to the fountain is the swimming pool, which is extremely tempting in the Roman heat, and you can swim in it for only 200 € - this is the amount you will have to pay a fine if the desire to cool off is overwhelming.

Piazza Navona

Another crowning achievement of Bernini's work is Fountain of Four rivers, which adorns Piazza Navona. Next to the fountain is the Church of St. Agnes, a brilliant creation by Borromini. Many art historians still agree that these two monuments appeared as part of the rivalry between two geniuses of Italian architectural thought.

Piazza Navona itself appeared long before this epic confrontation. It owes its unusual shape to Julius Caesar, who built a stadium here, which was later destroyed to create a market. During the French occupation, instead of market disputes, horse competitions were held here. However, the spirit of trade comes here hand in hand with the spirit of Christmas on the eve of the holidays, when the Christmas market is held here.

Pantheon

This pre-Christian building, erected to please all the Roman deities at once, somehow incredibly managed to become Christian temple. This ancient architectural object is perfectly preserved, although it has lost its religious functions. The temple has an unusual layout - it has no windows. Light cascades from a nine-meter hole in the dome. This feature conceals a metaphor for the unity of the Roman pantheon. The interior halls look amazing in winter, when snowflakes fly into the “window”, forming fabulous swirls.

Initially, the Pantheon was decorated with statues of the main deities. They were arranged in such a way that over the course of a year - with the displacement of the Earth - light would fall on each of them in turn. Today they have been replaced by eighteenth-century art. Entry to the Pantheon is free. To get here you need to get off at Barberini metro station.

The third day

Dedicate this day to the Vatican, the city-state located in the heart of Rome. To enter the territory of a state within a state, you need to cross the border marked by a white line in the square in front of the main cathedral of the Catholic Church. In a single stream, tourists often don’t even notice it. You can get to the entrance to the main square of the Vatican by any means of transport, including sightseeing buses (they all stop at St. Peter's Square). If you choose to travel by metro, it should be line A to the Ottaviano-S stops. Pietro or Cipro-Musei Vaticani, from which the Vatican is a 10-minute walk.

The Vatican Museum collection is so huge that a complete inspection may take more than one day. The Vatican itself is a veritable museum, decorated with works by masters such as Michelangelo and da Vinci. Among all the Vatican complexes, the most important are museums dedicated to historical realities - especially much attention is paid to Egyptian civilization - and various objects of art, dating back to the Middle Ages.

Locations such as Raphael's Stanzas, the Borgia Apartments, the Vatican Library and the Tapestry Gallery are always popular. In fact, to visit all these museums it is enough to buy general ticket costing 16€.

Saint Paul's Cathedral

Epicenter Catholic world is St. Peter's Cathedral, climbing the dome of which you can see a stunning panorama ancient Rome. The first – very modest – basilica appeared on the site of the cathedral back in the fourth century. It was unremarkable until an unexpected decision was made to reconstruct it at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The dimensions of the modern cathedral are so huge that the largest cathedrals can easily fit under its arches Eastern world– there are corresponding marks right on the floor showing the outlines of the proposed cathedrals.

To list all the brilliant masters who different times They worked on the appearance of the cathedral; it will take more than one hour. Entrance to the cathedral is free, but in order to climb observation deck you will have to pay 8€ for the elevator or 6€ if you want to take the stairs. But you need to be careful what you wish for – there are exactly five hundred steps here, and the passage itself barely reaches fifty centimeters.

Vittorio Emanuele II Bridge

This massive three-arched structure connects the Vatican and the historical center Eternal City. It is named after the first king of Italy. Its length is more than a kilometer, and its width reaches about twenty meters. It opens from it beautiful view to the Tiber and the city hanging over the river. The sculptural design of the bridge is truly rich and allegorical - just see sculptural group, depicting unity and freedom.

Castle Sant'Angelo

Construction of the castle began back in 135, and therefore it is not surprising that over almost two thousand years of its existence, the castle was rebuilt several times. He managed to change his status more than once. At different times, an archive, a prison, a tomb, and the residence of Popes were located here. Today there is a military history museum here.

The castle received its modern name in the sixth century, when another outbreak of plague occurred in Rome. Gregory the Great, who was Pope at that time, saw the Archangel Michael on the roof. Subsequently, a statue of a marble archangel was erected on the roof. As you walk through the halls of the fortress, pay attention to the small holes in the walls, which were the prisoners' cells. The entrance ticket costs 10€.

Bridge of the Holy Angel

The Pont Sant'Angelo is located just upstream of the Tiber. It is one of the oldest pedestrian bridges in Rome. The bridge was built in parallel with the Castel Sant'Angelo. The outside is lined with marble. Initially, there were no sculptures on the bridge, but in the Middle Ages a tradition arose of hanging the bodies of executed criminals there. At the same time, sculptural compositions depicting saints appeared here, and after this Bernini added a dozen statues of angels to the bridge.

Palace of Justice

On the very bank of the Tiber is the enchanting building of the Palace of Justice. Its construction took about twenty years. It is noteworthy that the place for its construction was chosen quite symbolically - on former Hill Gallows, where, in fact, death sentences were carried out. This palace became perhaps the largest building in Rome, but the city authorities thought that this was not enough.

Citizens had to unite to save surrounding buildings from destruction. If you have difficulty finding the Palace of Justice, focus on the Napoleon Museum, which is located directly on the opposite bank of the Tiber.

Fourth day

On the last day of your stay in Rome, you can continue your walking tour on a sightseeing bus, having previously determined stops for yourself. As an option, carry out “spot” attacks. Make up your mind.

This interesting historical complex was built by order of Emperor Caracalla at the beginning of the millennium. The once huge room was covered with a massive dome; inside there were rooms for gymnastics, massage, swimming pools with hot and cold water and even libraries. Aristocrats and nobles took baths here until the 5th century. At the time of the raid of the next barbarians, who blocked the city’s aqueducts in order to starve the population to death, the baths were abandoned. They started talking about them again at the time of random excavations carried out in the 16th century.

Nowadays, in the summer, a huge stage is built near the western wall of the Baths of Caracalla for concerts of opera singers and ballet performances. The Baths of Caracalla are open for visiting on any day from 9 a.m. until the end of daylight, except Mondays, when the Baths are open only until lunch. Entrance fee – 6€.

From the pages of school textbooks, we all know the main road leading to Rome. Traders, pilgrims, and legionnaires passed along the Appian Way. Today this ancient “highway” is a collection of attractions. The appearance of so many monuments in this particular place is due to the ban on burying the dead within the city walls. This prohibition applied to all Romans, and therefore burials were carried out along the main Roman route. Impressive tombstones, luxurious statues and monuments accompany the road for many kilometers. Catacombs with burial niches, which sometimes go several meters underground, are of great interest to tourists.

The most convenient way to get to the Appian Way is by Archeological trambus, a special by excursion bus. Landing point from Piazza Cinquecento (Termini). It runs once every half hour, ticket costs 12€.

At the gate of San Sebastiano, a milestone stone marks the beginning of the ancient road. Here you will see defensive structures, bastions and can visit the Museo delle Mura (ticket -3€). Further, towards the Caffarella Park, it is better to continue the journey on a bicycle, which can be rented near Domine-Quo-Vadis. A sign at the fork will show you the direction towards the medieval farm and park. The street along which you continue your journey will later return you to the Appian Way. And now the most interesting thing awaits you, the San Callisto cemetery. These are ancient underground burials of Roman bishops, consisting of five tiers. They are open to visitors all days except Wednesday, from morning to 12 noon, then from 14:30 to 17:45. Entrance ticket – 5€.

Continuing along the Appian Way, you can also visit the Catacombs of San Sebastiano and the Basilica of San Sebastiano, open every day except Sunday, from morning to 12 noon and in the afternoon, from 14:30 to 17:00. The cost of visiting is 5 €.

At the end of the route, you will see the remains of the Temple of Romulus and the arena, perfectly preserved to this day, which could accommodate about 10 thousand spectators in its stands.

Days spent in Rome will make you realize that this is a city of long walks, a city of unforgettable, vivid images and vivid impressions. He beckons you again and again, promising to again reveal the secrets of history to you.

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