Description of the Black Sea coastline. How does the Sea of ​​Azov differ from the Black Sea? The importance of the land in the natural water cycle

In the north it is connected to the Sea of ​​Azov through the Kerch Strait. A large piece of land, the Crimean Peninsula, cuts deep into the sea surface. Along the shores of the reservoir there are countries such as Russia, Georgia, Abkhazia (a partially recognized state), Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine.

Geographical data

According to the US geographic directory, the area of ​​the Black Sea is 436.4 thousand square meters. km (168.5 thousand sq. miles). The maximum depth is 2,212 meters (7,257 ft). The average depth corresponds to 1240 meters (4067 feet). The total volume of salt water is 547 thousand cubic meters. km. The greatest length from west to east is 1175 km. The maximum length from north to south is 580 km. The reservoir is notable for the fact that at a depth of more than 150 meters there is no life due to the saturation of deep waters with hydrogen sulfide.

The coastline is slightly indented. Its total length is 3.4 thousand km. There are large bays, such as Sinopsky, Samsunsky, Feodosia, Varna, Tendrovsky, Burgassky, Kalamitsky, Yagorlytsky. In the northern and northwestern regions, estuaries flood at the confluence of rivers. There are many marshy and brackish areas. The western and northwestern coasts are low, with cliffs in places.

In the south and east, spurs of the Pontic and Caucasus Mountains. In Crimea, the coast is low, only the southern part of the peninsula is notable for its mountainous shores. A similar relief is observed on the Tarkhankut Peninsula in the western part of Crimea.

Islands

There are few islands. The largest island is Dzharylgach with an area of ​​62 square meters. km. It is part of the Skadovsky district of the Kherson region. It is washed by two bays - Dzharylgachsky and Karkinitsky. Since 2009, the island has been home to a national natural park.

Of the other islands, one can name Snake Island. It is part of Odessa region, has a cruciform shape, and its area is 20.5 hectares. On this piece of land is the village of Beloye.

Another large island is called Berezan. It is located in the sea at a distance of 8 km from the city of Ochakov. Belongs to the Nikolaev region. It stretches 1 km in length and 500 meters in width. The island is uninhabited and has the status of a historical and archaeological reserve under the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Black Sea on the map

Rivers

In a huge salty pond such large European rivers as the Danube, Dnieper and Dniester flow into it. In addition to them, the Inguri, Mzymta, Rioni, and Kodor flow into the sea from the east. They originate on the Bolshoi Caucasus ridge. IN southern part The reservoirs flow into Sakarya, Choroh, Yeshilirmak. The Chorokh River flows into Georgia, and the other two flow into Turkey.

The Southern Bug carries its waters to northern part reservoir This river flows entirely through the territory of Ukraine. It has a length of 806 km. In the west, the sea is fed by the Bulgarian rivers Veleka and Kamchia.

The annual flow is approximately 310 cubic meters. km. Moreover, 80% of all water comes from the Dnieper and Danube. It should be noted that the reservoir has a positive water balance. The net outflow of water is 300 cubic meters. km per year. The water flows through the Bosphorus into the Sea of ​​Marmara and further into the Aegean and Mediterranean. At the same time, there is a two-way hydrological exchange. Saltier and warmer water flows from the Mediterranean into the Black Sea.

Cities

There are many large cities located on the sea coast. The largest of them is Istanbul (Türkiye) with a population of 13.6 million people. In second place is Odessa (Ukraine) with a population of 1 million people. Third place is occupied by the Turkish city of Samsun with a population of 535.4 thousand people.

Next comes Bulgarian Varna. It is home to 474 thousand inhabitants. Fifth place belongs to the hero city of Sevastopol with a population of 379 thousand people. Then come Sochi (Russia) - 343.3 thousand people, Trabzon (Turkey) - 305 thousand people, Constanta (Romania) - 284 thousand people, Novorossiysk (Russia) - 242 thousand people, Burgas (Bulgaria) - 224 thousand inhabitants.

On the Black Sea beach

Climate

The climate prevailing over a body of water largely depends on Atlantic Ocean. It is above it that those cyclones originate, which then bring rain and storms to the sea. Cold air masses are coming from the north. Warm winds blow from the southwest. All this diversity creates hot and dry summer weather. As for winter, it is warm and humid.

Winter temperatures range from minus 1 to plus 5 degrees Celsius. Very rarely it drops to minus 10 degrees Celsius. Snow falls only in northern regions. The average summer temperature is 24-25 degrees Celsius. At maximum it rises to 37 degrees Celsius. The warmest part of the coast is the Caucasus, where the average annual temperature is 17 degrees Celsius.

In the southern part of the Black Sea the climate is milder than in the northern part. It is also less humid. Precipitation falls more evenly. They are possible not only in winter period, but also in the summer. Black Sea water does not freeze in winter. Only once every few decades in the northern regions can the water become covered with ice during a too cold winter. average temperature water is 7-8 degrees Celsius.

Ecology

In general, the ecological situation in the reservoir is unfavorable. Many polluted rivers flow into the sea, and runoff from fields, saturated with nitrates and phosphates, also flows. This provokes the growth of phytoplankton. Water transparency decreases, multicellular algae die. The waters are polluted by oil products, wastewater, and construction waste. Recently, the number of dolphins, tunas, and mackerels has noticeably decreased. But a lot of jellyfish appeared. Currently, they are the main living organisms of the Black Sea waters.

Some experts believe that over the past 10 years the ecological situation of the reservoir has worsened. There is even an opinion that the Black Sea waters are among the dirtiest in the world.

In accordance with this, an international convention on the environmental protection of the Black Sea was adopted. It was signed by six countries whose territories are in contact with the reservoir. An environmental program has been developed that should yield positive results in the near future.

(Characteristics of the Black Sea, composition of water in the Black Sea, Black Sea and Ancient Greece, rivers flowing into the Black Sea, bays of the Black Sea, holidays on the Black Sea, plant and animal world Black Sea)
Black Sea is located in the middle latitudes, approximately between 41 and 47 degrees northern latitude and 28 and 42 degrees east longitude. The northern shores belong to Ukraine, the eastern - to Russia, Georgia and Abkhazia, the southern - to Turkey, and the western - to Romania and Bulgaria. For almost 400 km, the Black Sea washes Krasnodar region, beneficially influencing its climate. Through the Straits Bosphorus, Dardanelles and through Sea of ​​Marmara the Black Sea waters merge with the Mediterranean, and through Kerch Strait With Sea of ​​Azov.

Black Sea known to mankind since ancient times! Over the course of thousands of years and centuries, it has changed several names. The first Greek navigators called it Pont Aksinsky, that is, inhospitable. However, later the ancient Greeks changed their minds and began to call it Pont Aksinsky, that is, a hospitable sea. In Rus' in the old days Black Sea called Pontic, and Russian by sea.

Scientists explain the modern name in different ways. Some called the Turks Karadeniz(as a football player of FC "Rubin"), that is, the inhospitable "Black" Sea, because all the conquerors who came to its shores received a decisive rebuff from the tribes that inhabited it. According to another hypothesis, the name is associated with storms and the fact that the water during a storm it becomes dark. And there is a third version, which is related to the fact that metal objects lowered to great depths of the Black Sea turn black under the influence of hydrogen sulfide.

The ancient Greeks, sailing along the Black Sea shores, saw here the settlements of the Scythians, Taurians, and in the east - the Colchians. The Greeks named the Black Sea coast of Kavakaz after the names of these tribes Colchis, Crimea - Tavrida, and the Northern Seaside region - Scythia.

Bays of the Black Sea

There are few bays in the Black Sea, the largest of them Odessa, Karkinitsky, Kalamitsky, Feodosia, Tamansky and Sinopsky. The coast of the Krasnodar Territory is extremely sparse in terms of bays, with the exception of Gelendzhik and Novorossiysk (bays). The most convenient bays for receiving ships are Tsemesskaya and Gelendzhikskaya.

The Black Sea is poor in islands, the largest - Serpentine(0.17 sq. km). The most significant of the peninsulas are Crimean, Kerch and Taman.

Characteristics of the Black Sea

The total area of ​​the Black Sea is 413,488 sq km. Water volume 537,000 cubic meters. km. The sea represents deep depression oblong in shape with a fairly flat bottom and steep slopes (from 6 to 20 degrees). The greatest depth is 2245 m, the average is 1271 m.

They flow into the Black Sea Danube, Dniester, Southern Bug, Dnieper, Rioni, Chorokh, and within the Krasnodar Territory - over 80 small rivers. Half of the river flow comes from the Danube. The annual runoff from land into the Black Sea is 400 cubic meters. km, the same amount evaporates from the surface of the sea. The Black Sea receives 175 cubic meters per year. km of salty Mediterranean water and 66 cu. km of Azov water of low salinity.

Most of all, the Black Sea water contains sodium chloride (77.8% of the total salt content), magnesium chloride (10.9%), calcium sulfate (3.6%). In addition, the Black Sea water contains about 60 more chemical elements: iodine, bromine, silver, radium etc.

The Black Sea is the warmest in our country. Temperature in the Black Sea in winter in the open part + 6..7 degrees Celsius, in the southern part + 8..10, in the northwestern part it often drops to -1 and ice fast ice forms there. In summer, the water temperature averages +24 degrees; near Sochi it can warm up to +28 degrees Celsius. At a depth of 50-70 meters the temperature is stable at +6-7 degrees.

Surface currents in the Black Sea are weak, their speed usually does not exceed 0.5 m/s. The main causes of surface currents are river runoff and wind.

The ebb and flow of the tides in the Black and Azov Seas are very weak. Their amplitude is 3-10 cm. Secular changes in sea level - an increase of 20-50 cm per hundred years.

During storms in the Black Sea, waves up to 10 m high and 150 m long develop. Usually the wave sizes are much smaller.

The force of the waves hitting the shore is enormous. In the Sochi area it reaches 20 tons per 1 sq. m.

Flora of the Black Sea quite rich and varied. In coastal waters there are thickets of brown algae - cystorhiza. On sandy and muddy shallows there are entire underwater fields of sea grass - zosters. Deeper there are extensive thickets of red algae - phyllophores.

Fauna of the Black Sea is very diverse, but due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide, it is concentrated mainly in the upper 200-meter layer of water. There are sharks in the Black Sea - katrans, but they are harmless. Of the large mammals in the Black Sea, there are many dolphins - bottlenose dolphins and gray dolphins; they often swim up to the very shore and swim among vacationers.

Holidays on the Black Sea you can choose according to your taste - you can, like 30 years ago, with grandmothers on folding beds, or in expensive hotels. Almost all cities and towns Black Sea coast Krasnodar region is built up with private hotels. Their prices are cheaper than flying to Turkey. The summer season on the Black Sea begins in mid-May and ends at the end of October. In Sochi, in some years you can swim until mid-November.

Ancient Greece and the Black Sea

Black Sea in ancient times

During the era of the Great Greek colonization on the coast Black Sea Many cities were built, which by the beginning of the 5th century BC. turned into economically stable policies closely associated with city-states Aegean Greece. The largest of them were Heraclea Pontica and Sinope on south coast(modern Türkiye), Apollonia and Istria- in the west (modern Bulgaria and Romania, respectively), Olbia, Theodosia, Panticapaeum and Phanagoria- in the north (modern - the first two are Ukraine, Phanagoria - Russia, Krasnodar region), Dioscuriad and Phasis on east coast Black Sea (modern Russia and Georgia (or Abkhazia)).

Materials for abstracts on the Black Sea.

Length of the Black Sea from west to east - 1167 km, from north to south - 624 km. The greatest depth is 2,212 m, and the average is 1,271 m. The length of the coast along the perimeter is 4,090 km, the length coastline reaches 4,340 km. The area of ​​the Black Sea is 423,000 square meters. km.

Due to the excess inflow of fresh water from the rivers Danube, Dniester, Dnieper, Southern Bug, Mzymta, Bzybi, Kodor, Inguri and others. (more than 300 rivers) above evaporation it has less salinity than the Mediterranean Sea. Rivers contribute 346 cubic meters to the sea. km of fresh water and 340 cubic meters. km of salt water flows from the Black Sea through the Bosphorus.

Depth of the Black Sea

Black Sea is one of the deepest sedimentary basins in the world. The thickness of sedimentary deposits on the seabed is 14 km. The bottom relief is a deep basin with steep slopes, its maximum depth is up to 2211 m. The area of ​​the Black Sea is 413,488 square meters. km. The maximum length is 1148 km, the maximum width is 615 km, the length of the Black Sea coastline is 4077 km.

The Black Sea washes the shores of Russia, Abkhazia, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Ukraine.

There are few bays, bays and peninsulas in the Black Sea and almost no islands. This is due to the constant rise in sea level.

Composition of Black Sea water

Salty taste Sodium chloride gives sea water, and magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate give it a bitter taste. Water contains 60 different elements. But it is assumed that it contains all the elements found on Earth. Sea water has a number of healing properties. Water salinity is about 18%.

About 87% of the Black Sea water volume is deprived of oxygen and is contaminated with hydrogen sulfide. At a depth of over 150 m, the water contains hydrogen sulfide, and therefore the sea is devoid of living organisms great depths. The source of hydrogen sulfide is the decomposition of the remains of aquatic organisms; at a depth of 150-200 m, the hydrogen sulfide content reaches 7.5 cubic meters. cm per liter of water, and its total amount is a billion tons. The uniqueness of the Black Sea is that in the deep layers of its water there are no algae, invertebrate animals and fish, there are no living creatures except sulfur bacteria.

Determined that age of the Black Sea about 8 thousand years.

The quaint, rugged coast of Crimea is precisely this feature that attracts sailors and beachgoers. Numerous bays allow you to find both a convenient anchorage and a coastal edge that is not subject to the rage of waves. The Kalamitsky Bay of the Black Sea is not large in size, but its coasts are unique natural areas.

Where is Kalamitsky Bay located on the map?

It is located in Western Crimea. On its banks stand Zaozernoye, and Saki, Novofedorovka, Nikolaevka and Beregovoe, Peschanoye and.

Geographical details and features

This is where disagreements immediately begin. Classical - old - sources have always indicated that the bay is limited by Capes Evpatoriya and. Thus, it takes up a significant part west coast Crimean peninsula. However, modern data “cut down” these indicators. In their opinion, the bay “does not reach Chersonesus”, and its border is.

Give short description Bay is easy. It protrudes into the land slightly less than , by 13 km, but has a wide entrance - according to modern data, 41 km. The depths vary, maximum 30 m, so even heavy vessels are not in danger of running aground. The height of the coast increases from north to south. In the area of ​​Cape Evpatoria it is sloping, sandy, with extensive beaches. Towards the southern tip the coast rises, near the Lucullus ledge it is 15 m.

There are several salt lakes near the Kalamitsky Bay:

  • Yaly-Moinak (Big and Small),
  • Saki,
  • Bagails.

A hydrographic study proves that they must once have formed part of the harbor, but were separated from it by embankments literally several meters wide. As a result, the properties of their filling and bottom silt changed. These are often called estuary.

Kalamitsky Bay in Crimea is considered a very clean water area of ​​the Black Sea.
This is largely due to the fact that it is located far from the confluence. Directly into him, into him modern borders, the rivers and Western Bulganak flow into it, but they cannot create a strong suspension of brought soil in it. The purity of the water explains not only the tourist attractiveness of the region, but also its natural wealth.

Mutually exclusive translations

The Kalamita Bay region has long given philologists a lot of work to do. They cannot in any way establish the origin and meaning of its name. Yes, everyone knows about the existence of the medieval one, but for some reason fortification was also called that way! There are a lot of mutually exclusive versions, borrowed from different languages: “beautiful”, “good, comfortable cape” and even “misfortune, disaster”. The riddle, like so many different definitions, can be attributed to the same place.

The name “Lucullus” also raises questions. Many have heard about the existence of the Roman commander Lucullus, who loved to eat delicious food. He's probably been to these parts, but the outcropping of land still doesn't look like him. In fact, on the first known maps it was called in Tatar - Uluk-Kol. There really is a beam with that name (“long sleeve”) nearby. Probably, later the name, indigestible for the first Russian settlers, was changed into a more musical surname of a Roman military man.

Protection of life and health

Since the Kalamita Bay is famous for its cleanliness, holidays in this area are especially beneficial for health. Estuary lakes (the best known, but silt from others is used in a similar way) are a source of healing mud used in the treatment of many diseases of the nervous system, skin, musculoskeletal system, and respiratory organs.
Clean air and water complement the healing effect.

It warms up relatively quickly: swimming season in favorable years it lasts from May to September. The beaches of Evpatoria enjoy a good reputation - sand is much more convenient for vacationers than pebbles. Many of them have a gentle entrance to the sea - this is one of the reasons that the city is especially recommended as a children's resort. The surrounding area is famous for its beautiful spacious beaches (the name speaks for itself). The small village is not as famous as Evpatoria, but it’s for the better - prices are lower and there is more space.

In addition to holidaymakers, marine life also liked the clean water. In order to protect the system in which the sea interacts with land, a reserve was created at Cape Lucullus. Its coastal complex is recognized as a natural monument. The flora and fauna here are very rich, including rare species. Adonis vernacular (Adonis) grows here, and the steppe rack, little bustard, steppe eagle, four-striped snake, and steppe viper are found.

Archaeologists have discovered remains at Lucullus large settlement Scythian times. Conventionally, it is called Ust-Alminsky. So far the archaeological site has not been identified based on written information, but it is clear that it was a fairly large policy. This object requires urgent research - a significant part of it has already been lost as a result of erosion by the sea.

How to get there (get there)?

You can get to Kalamitsky Bay from any corner of Crimea; buses in this direction are not uncommon from Simferopol, Yalta, Sevastopol, Feodosia and even Kerch.

We will show you on the map how to get there by car yourself, one of the very attractive ones here, from Simferopol:

Note to tourists

  • Address: Western Crimea, Russian Federation.
  • GPS coordinates: 45.002367, 33.566267.

Visitors should behave culturally so that the Kalamitsky Gulf of Crimea and its Black Sea environs can help improve the health of guests and preserve the biological diversity of the region for a long time to come.

Compiled by

P. A. Tilba, R. A. Mnatsekanov, V. A. Krutolapov.

Geographical coordinates

45°17’34’’ N, 36°45’46’’ E

Height

0-5 m above sea level.

Square

38,400 hectares, including water surface: 38,400 hectares.

a brief description of

Shallow water sea ​​bays, the banks of which are covered with steppe or wetland vegetation.

Wetland type

A, E, G, J; predominate: J, A.

Ramsar Criteria

4, 5.

Criterion 4: The site is one of the wintering centers for waterfowl, the importance of which increases in cold winters when the water area of ​​the estuaries of the Eastern Azov region freezes.

Criterion 5: Up to 1 million birds stop here during migration (Wetlands of Russia, 2000). During mid-winter surveys carried out from the shore using spotting scopes, within the boundaries of the land we counted about 20,000 in 2003, in 2004 - about 10,000, in 2005 - up to 8,000, in 2006 - about 49 500 os. waterfowl and semi-aquatic birds.

Location

Taman Peninsula, southwestern part of the Krasnodar Territory, 30 km from the city of Temryuk.

Physiographic characteristics

The site is a low-lying relief that was formed as a result of slow tectonic subsidence of the land, occurring at a rate of 2-5 mm per year (Kanonnikov, 1984). The surface of the coastal land is composed of deltaic and alluvial deposits, under which lie Neogene and Paleogene marine deposits. Bays are permanent bodies of natural origin. The salinity of the water in them reaches 11.3‰, decreasing near the coast to 2-3‰. The depth of the bays varies between 0.5-2.5 m. The characteristic formations of the Taman and Dinsk bays are lagoons - salt lakes Markitanskoe, Tuzla, etc. In the water area of ​​the bays there are shell-sand islands and spits of various configurations. The Blevako mud volcano is located off the coast of the Chushka Spit in the waters of the Taman Bay.

The banks of reservoirs are unstable rocks and are subject to severe destructive sea activity. The soil cover is predominantly southern chernozems with a low humus content. The climate type of the site area is coastal-steppe, moderate continental. The average January temperature is −0.8°; July 23.6°C, precipitation during the year is 330-340 mm.

The importance of the land in the natural water cycle

The drainage basin of the site is a hilly plain formed by marine sediments. The hills (reaching a maximum height of 164 m above sea level) are active or extinct mud volcanoes. The soil cover is represented mainly by chernozems, including their solonetsic and saline varieties; there are thick chestnut soils. Main types of land use: field farming, vegetable growing, viticulture, livestock farming. The climate is moderate continental.

Environmental parameters

Along the shores of the bays there are communities of psammophilic and hydrophilic vegetation. Coastal shallow waters, shell spits, and islands are extremely important for the existence of waterfowl.

Valuable flora

One of the most widespread plant communities on the site is psammophilous vegetation. In floristic terms, this is the best preserved natural ecosystem, both in the coastal part of the Taman and Dinsky bays, and in Taman as a whole. Typical species on the coastal sands are sandy grate, common sea mustard, hogweed, Pontic katran, naked licorice, gorse-leaved toadflax and others. Of the halophytes on the coastal sand-shell dunes, white sweet clover, entangled and creeping sweda, solifa and tragus, Meyer's kermek, etc. are widespread.

And on wet salt marshes there are bluegrass-wheatgrass, rush-sedge and saltwort associations. The vegetation of reservoirs is formed from plant species immersed in water: hygrophytes, hydrophytes and hydatophytes. Phytocenoses of eelgrass and eelgrass are widespread, often forming pure groups over large areas. An equally common species is the holly pondweed. Two types of uruti grow in the reservoirs of the area: spiked urut and whorled urut. In some coastal areas there is typical floodplain vegetation with the presence of common reed, cattails, and sedges (Tilba, Nagalevsky, 1996).

Valuable fauna

The role of the area as a nesting site for birds. The site has a certain significance as a place of reproduction of semi-aquatic bird species listed in the Red Books Russian Federation and Krasnodar Territory: shelduck, oystercatcher (subspecies Haematopus ostralegus longipes), sea plover, little tern. On the territory of the islands there are colonies of great cormorant with a total number of 750 pairs, common tern - 300 pairs, and spotted tern - 300 pairs.

The role of the area as a place of bird migration. The site is located on an intensive bird migration route running along the coasts of the Azov and Black Seas. Within the Temryuk and Dinsky bays, autumn concentrations of laughing herons, black-headed gulls, and red herons were noted (Vinokurov, 1965). In the fall of 1995, 200 thousand wasps were counted here. coots, 54 thousand - mallards, 200 thousand - red-headed ducks, 1.5 thousand - mute swan (Vinogradov, 2000). The site is a stopover site and large concentrations of migratory waders: Turukhtan, turnstone, grasshopper, etc.

The role of the area as a wintering site for birds. The site is a traditional wintering site, primarily for waterfowl. Between 1967 and 1972. there were from 6 thousand to 250 thousand wasps here. Recently, there have been up to 48.5 thousand waterfowl within the area
(2006 data).

Swans. Mute swan and whooper swan are found in the wintering grounds. Last view predominates in numbers in colder winters (1,500 were counted in 2003).

Ducks. The most numerous wintering species is the tufted duck (according to 2003 data - 11,500 individuals). In more warm winters the number of tufted ducks is significantly lower. Of the other duck species, the most common are mallard and red-headed duck.

Other types of waterfowl. The most characteristic species include the great grebe, great cormorant, coot, and laughing gull.

Waders. On the territory of the site in winter the following are noted: herbal, great snail, middle curlew, great curlew, snipe, dunlin, on the adjacent territory of the coast Kerch Strait spit Chushka was recorded in the wintering grounds of the oystercatcher (Mnatsekanov et al., 2004b; Dinkevich et al., 2005).

The role of the area as a habitat for rare and vulnerable bird species.

Black-throated loon. A common species during the migration period, found in small numbers during the winter.

White-tailed eagle. Regularly wintering species.

Demoiselle crane. Breeding species of adjacent territories.

Bustard. Breeding species of adjacent territories.

Little Bustard. Checked in winter time in the coastal part of the site.

Oystercatcher. Common breeding species; rare, irregularly wintering species.

Great curlew. Not numerous, regularly found in winter.

Black-headed gull. Occasionally observed in winter.

The role of the area as a habitat for marine mammals. The Taman and partly Dinskaya bays are the habitat of the Black Sea bottlenose dolphin, a subspecies listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation and the Krasnodar Territory.

Social and cultural significance of the site

Within the boundaries of the site there are the most valuable historical and archaeological monuments associated with the Tmutarakan principality of the 11th-12th centuries.

In addition, on the site there is a house-museum of M. Yu. Lermontov.

Forms of land ownership

State.

Land use

The main activity on the site is fishing; In the surrounding area there is winemaking.

Factors negatively affecting the condition of the land

Expansion of the area for the construction of the Port Kavkaz port.

Part of the site is part of the Zaporozhye-Taman Zoological Reserve. By Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 1996 No. 591-r, the reserve (the order gives the name “Tamano-Zaporozhye Reserve”) is classified as a specially protected natural area of ​​federal subordination. According to the Regulations of the reserve, its area is 30,000 hectares.

Proposed environmental measures

Resolving the issue of the status of the reserve. Adjustment of the Regulations on the reserve taking into account the importance of the territory as a mass wintering site for shorebirds, including rare species, as well as a nesting site for rare bird species. Giving the status of a Ramsar site to the entire water area of ​​the Taman and Dinsk bays.

Scientific research

Scientific research within the site has been and is being carried out in the course of studying the biota Taman Peninsula generally. Besides, in last years special mid-winter counts of waterfowl are conducted here as part of the Wetlands International project on the Central Asian Flyway, funded by the Ministry Agriculture, nature and food of the Netherlands.

Environmental education

Not currently available. There are good opportunities for organizing observations of migrating and wintering birds.

Recreation and tourism

The site is intensively used for tourism purposes, mainly for historical and cultural reasons. Recreational pressures on plant and animal habitats are low.

Jurisdiction

Administration of the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region.

Site management body

The Tamano-Zaporozhye reserve is under the departmental subordination of the Department Federal service on veterinary and phytosanitary supervision for Krasnodar region and the Republic of Adygea.

 

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