Marke region. Marche - Marche. General information and features of administrative division

The Marche region is located in central Italy. It stretches along the Adriatic coast for 170 km, but most of it is occupied by hills and mountains. This geography paints its unusual landscape with snow-capped peaks and sandy beaches, which are characterized by the purity of sea water.

The attractions of Marche are varied. Medieval borgs coexist with cities of art, Christian shrines, especially the Basilica of Loreto, attract pilgrims, and natural beauty gives unforgettable emotions active tourists.

The capital of Marche is the city of Ancona, which owns one of the largest ports in Italy.

A Brief History of Marche

During the Iron Age, Picenian tribes lived in the territory of the Marche. In the 4th century BC. The Gauls invaded from the north, at the same time the Greeks from Syracuse founded the colony of Ancona. In 295 BC. A battle broke out in which the Piceni and the Romans defeated the Gauls. But when the Piceni rebelled against the Romans, it was suppressed and the territories became part of the Roman state. After the fall of the Roman Empire they became part of the Eastern Roman Empire. In the earlier Middle Ages, these lands were called the Ancona March.
The Lombard invasions followed, and the territory was divided into two parts: the coastal cities in the north of the region as far as Ancona were part of the Eastern Roman Empire, southern lands came under the rule of the Lombards.
During the free communes, Pesaro, Fano, Ancona, Jesi, Fermo and Ascoli Piceno flourished.
During the Renaissance, the artistic and cultural component of cities grew. From the end of the 16th to the beginning of the 17th centuries. The Marches were part of the Papal States. With the arrival of Napoleon's French army, the region became the Republic of Anconitan and then merged with the Roman Republic.
In 1860, Marche became part of a united Italy. During the First World War, Ancona suffered from bombing. During the Second World War, the region put up strong resistance and also suffered losses.

When is the best time to go to Marche?

If you choose a beach holiday, then best season It will be summer, during which the heat is cooled by the sea breeze. Winters can be quite cold and rainy.
The mountainous area is cool in summer and snow is possible in winter. Late spring will be the ideal period for excursion routes.

How to get to Marche

The airport is located in the city of Ancona, but Alitalia flights are almost non-existent or cancelled. You can use Rimini Airport, from which Ancona is 100 km away. From Rome to Ancona – 300 km.
The port of Ancona is connected to Greece, Croatia, Turkey, Albania and Montenegro.

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On the night of August 23-24, 2016, a terrible earthquake occurred, the epicenter of which was located on the border of the regions of Umbria, Marche and Lazio. The cities of Amatrice, Accumoli and Arquata del Tronto were almost completely destroyed. The number of victims has reached almost 250 people, many still remain under the rubble. The magnitude of the earthquake was 6.0.
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Region Marche is the administrative region of east coast and has a number of popular sea resorts, which are part of the Adriatic Riviera. Unique natural landscapes, cultural and historical monuments beautiful cities, as well as a pleasant mild climate and excellent sand and pebble beaches, have long been the main motives that attract hundreds of thousands of tourists here who want to enjoy their stay on the picturesque shores of this colorful region.

Peculiarities

Historically, the Marche region played a huge role in the formation of the cultural and educational image of Italy. IN different years Here such outstanding personalities of the past as Donato Bramante, Gioachino Rossini, Giacomo Leopardi, Rafael Sabatini, Maria Montessori, Rafael Santi, Franco Corelli were born, created and died. The rich heritage of bygone eras is preserved famous cities Ancona, Urbino, Loreto. Today, Marche is considered a fairly stable region, with an efficient organization, a successful economy and developed infrastructure. One of the main areas of activity is tourism, which has been receiving increased attention for many years. However, the region gained world fame not only thanks to its resorts, but also to its cuisine, with an abundance of all kinds of gastronomic delicacies and wine products.

general information

The territory of the Marche region covers just under 10,000 square meters. km, and the population is about 1.5 million people. The region includes 5 provinces and 246 communes. Each province has its own administrative center. Local time lags behind Moscow by 1 hour in summer and 2 in winter. Time zone UTC+1 and UTC+2 in summer time of the year. Official website www.regione.marche.it.

A brief excursion into history

In ancient times, the Marche region was famous for its ports that received ships from all over the world. In the 17th century, when seafood production increased noticeably here, an economic and urban boom followed, resulting in a massive migration of residents from the interior of the mainland to the sea coast. Since then, fish and seafood have become the region's main export item. A significant breakthrough in music, painting, architecture and art occurred in the cities of Marche during the Renaissance, which gave the region a whole scattering of talented people who enriched this region with their creations.

Climate

Today, this area is considered perhaps the most picturesque and vibrant in Italy, which is largely due to not such a massive tourist dominance in relation to other areas of the country, as well as a mild and even climate that favorably affects natural resources the edges. The total number of sunny days here exceeds 200, and average temperature air in the summer months is about +27 degrees, in winter dropping to +7 - +10. You can visit these places at any time of the year, depending on your preferences, since both in winter and summer, the local nature abounds in bright colors.

How to get there

The main airports serving the region are in and.

Transport

Throughout the region there are modern highways And railways. There are excellent bus, train and ferry connections between the cities, and minibuses and taxis run regularly. There are car and bicycle rentals in almost all localities.

Main cities

The capital of Marche is Marche, which is the international trade and tourist center of the region, and it is also largest port on the east coast of Italy. The city was founded long before our era and for centuries served as an important strategic and industrial link in this region. In the Middle Ages, the Ancona Republic was founded here, which later became part of the Italian Kingdom. Ancona has many unique historical and cultural monuments, as well as museums and religious buildings. Other large cities in the region that have the status of provincial capitals are Ascoli Piceno, Fermo, Macerata, Pesaro and Urbino, which also has the unofficial title cultural center Marche. According to historical data, it was here that one of the greatest artists in the world, Rafael Santi, was born.

Major resorts

The city located on the coast is considered one of the leading resorts in the region. Adriatic Sea, has amazingly beautiful landscapes. A tiny town located on a hill, with a population of no more than three hundred people, belongs to the city of Gabicce Mare. Another one is located 50 km away most popular resort region – Fano. It is famous for its historical sights and excellent conditions for beach holiday, which in combination with each other gives an attractive explosive mixture for most travel lovers. Stretches along the shores of Seniggallia gorgeous beach Spiaggia di Veltuto, and a little further lies the district of San Benedetto del Tronto, famous for its numerous nightclubs and many kilometers of palm alley.

Between Fano and San Benedetto there are several more remarkable places for beach holidays including Portonovo, Siroglio, Pedaso and Porto Recanati. The resort, intended for those seeking peace and solitude, also receives special attention from tourists. In addition to the beach program, vacationers have the opportunity to go from here to excursion bus to ancient Urbino, which invariably attracts lovers of antiquities and artifacts. In the central part of the Adriatic coast there is a coastal town - Numana, which has been awarded several times Blue flag for the cleanliness of the beaches and high ecology. Here lies the picturesque natural Park Conero, with the mountain of the same name and a harsh rocky coast, images of which are repeatedly found on advertising brochures dedicated to this resort.

Attractions and entertainment

The main architectural sites of the region are located in Loreto, Fano and Urbino, although there are also quite a few in other cities in the region interesting places. Triumphal Arch Trajan, National Museum Marche, the Cathedral on the Guasco Hill, the Pinacoteca Comunale (Ancona), the Palace of the Dukes of Urbino, the majestic Porta Valbona, the monument to Raphael Sansi (Urbino), the Basilica of Santa Casa, the Palazzo Comunale (Loreto), the Church of San Paterniano and the Palazzo Montevecchio (Fano) are only a small part of the historical and cultural heritage that Marche has. Pesaro is famous for its numerous festivals and exhibitions held annually in this ancient city. The main natural attractions of the region are famous caves Frasassi. In general, the flora and fauna of these lands are extremely rich, and traveling through the local national parks and reserves is accompanied by a lot of pleasant emotions and positive impressions.

Kitchen

The region's culinary delights are mainly represented by seafood and vegetables. In almost any restaurant in each of the many cities, the menu contains fresh fruit and classic National dishes. Particular attention is paid to the preparation of wines, the basis of which is grapes of different varieties collected from regional plantations.

Shopping

In shops and souvenir shops in Fano, Urbino, Macerata and others major cities, sells a wide range of all kinds of goods and souvenirs to suit every taste.

Traveling through the expanses of the Marche region provides a unique opportunity not only to appreciate all the delights resort holiday on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Riviera of Italy, but also to get to know the natural beauties of the central part of the country, learn a lot of interesting things about its history, traditions and culture.

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How to get there

The Adriatic Riviera is served by two airports: Rimini and Ancona; Charters from Moscow to Rimini and Ancona fly on Saturdays.

Search for flights to Ancona (closest airport to Marche)

Popular hotels in Marche

Major resorts

Gabicce Mare - Gabicce Monte - resort center, consisting of two levels: the “lower” Gabicce Mare, stretching along the coast, with many hotels, large sandy beaches and gardens, and the “upper” Gabicce Monte, located among lush vegetation on top of a panoramic rock - with its hotels, restaurants, pizzerias and nightlife.

Fano - prosperous seaport. Local beach Spiaggia-Sassogna is pebble, with a long and wide promenade. The beach to the north, Spiaggia Lido, is sandy, with constant rows of umbrellas, and is more popular among holidaymakers.

Spiaggia di Veltuto or "velvet" beach, stretches along the coast of Senigallia for 13 km, and is known as one of best beaches Adriatic.

San Benedetto del Tronto is one of the main summer resorts region. There are a lot of vacationers there during the season, but due to the large beach (8 km of sand) there is enough space for everyone. It attracts tourists with a charming palm alley of 7,000 trees, a long beach and fun nightlife.

Between Fano and San Benedetto there is a chain of small resorts - miniature Portonovo with picturesque hills, Sirolo, sand and pebbles Porto Recanati or Pedaso, which is famous for its mussels.

Pesaro. Even on the hottest days, you can feel a light, cool breeze in Pesaro. The main wealth of the resort - 8 km sandy beaches, which are freely washed by the sea and partially protected by coastal cliffs. In addition, Pesaro serves as a convenient point for excursions to the medieval city

The amazing Italian region can be proud of having given the world unique, talented people. The Marche region is home to outstanding architects, mathematicians, sculptors, musicians and artists. Its capital is the port city of Ancona, located on the shores of the Adriatic Sea. In this part of Italy you can see and learn a lot of interesting things. One of the rulers of Urbino in the 15th century dreamed of creating an ideal city, so he invited the best craftsmen of that time. Thanks to its excellent acoustics, the Teatro Sferisterio, located in Macerata, hosts annual opera festivals. The karst grottoes of Frasassi are so large that the famous Milan Duomo could easily fit there. There are many parks in Marche, one of which contains caves that once served as a haven for hermit monks. The Riviera Conero stretches from Ancona to Numana. And also...

In the 13th century, technologies were invented in Fabriano (province of Ancona) that made paper stronger and more accessible. The first watermarks appeared here.
Medieval Ancona was second only to Venice in its power. There is a period in its history when goods arriving at the port were not subject to any tax.
The number of students studying at the University of Urbino is 2/3 of the city's population. The establishment was founded at the beginning of the 16th century.
The composer, author of the opera “The Barber of Siville” Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868), was born in Pesaro, the great Rafael Santi (1483-1520) was born in Urbino, and the greatest master of architecture, author of the project for St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome, Donato Bramante (1444-1520), was born in Fermignano. 1514), in Fano - Italian composer Vincenzo Rastrelli (1760-1839).
Marche is the birthplace of Carlo Maratta (1625-1713), recognized during his lifetime as the greatest artist of his time. Today his works can be seen in many museums around the world, but most are in Rome.
At the end of the 12th century, in the province of Ancona, Silvestro Guzzolini was born, the founder of the monastic order of the Silvestrines, whose representatives adhered to the most extreme severity in their pursuit of poverty.
Six popes come from the Marche region. These are Sixtus V (1521-1590) and Pius IX (1792-1878), Clement XI (1649-1721) and Nicholas IV (1227-1292), Leo XII (1760-1829) and Pius VIII (1761-1830).

A little history

In ancient times, the lands of the Marche were inhabited by the Piceni, and the territory was called Picenum. In the 4th century. BC. The Greeks founded a colony - Ancona, and about a century later the Romans appeared here. They conquered local tribes, laid capital roads across the territory, and turned Ancona into a full-fledged sea gate, intended for the importation of goods and sending legionnaires for triumphal conquests. After the fall of the Western Empire, power over the territory changed hands. As a result of the confrontation between the Lombards and the Pope, the lands in the 8th century came under the control of the Franks, led by Charlemagne. He decided to mark the boundaries of his possessions by forming separate marks (border areas). Soon their combined name appeared - Marche.

Charles transferred part of the lands into the possession of the papacy. But the pontiff was unable to cope with the desire of individual cities to gain self-government. As a result, Ancona acquired the status of an independent maritime republic, became successful and rich. Supporters of the popes fought with the local lords, realizing how much of a tasty morsel Marche was. In the 14th century they managed to return some cities to the control of the Papal State in the mid-16th century. it included Ancona, and almost 100 years later - Urbino. Apart from a few years at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, when the Marche lands were under the control of Napoleon, papal power in the region lasted until 1860. It was then that the territory became part of a united Italy.

Attractions Marche

Each city in the region offers something special to see. In Urbino it is worth visiting the Palazzo Ducale, and in Loreto one of the most revered places by Christian pilgrims is the Sanctuary of the Holy House. The city of Osimo has become famous for its amazing Cathedral, made in the Roman-Gothic style, and the Sanctuary of the Blessed Virgin in Campocavallo, built on the site of the Miracle that took place over 10 years. At the top of a hill in Pesaro lies the Villa Imperiale, once owned by the Sforza Dukes. There is a lot to see in Ascoli Piceno unique monuments, and its travertine and tuff structures are awe-inspiring.

When to go to Marche

Marche weather

The coastal zone is characterized by a sub-continental climate, which means that summers are hot and winters are rainy and moderately warm. The average temperature in January is about four degrees Celsius. In the south of the region, winter temperatures are within +8 degrees. In the foothills and hills, summers are mild and winters can experience heavy snowfall. Spring is considered the rainiest. In the mountains, the summer season is quite cool. In winter it is cold and there is a lot of snow, sometimes critical snow drifts are observed.

Long coastline with many beaches and picturesque bays assumes comfortable stay on the Adriatic Sea in summer. Here you can not only swim and sunbathe, but also do aquatic species sports, and go fishing. mountain range attracts admirers winter species sports and mountain walks.

Castles, fortresses and other historical and cultural attractions are open to guests all year round. Tourists enjoy visiting abbeys, basilicas, archaeological sites and museums that house real masterpieces by famous masters of the past and present. Almost every town in the Marche region has its own charm.

The region invites lovers of culinary delicacies 12 months a year. Marche cuisine is a successful combination centuries-old traditions, supported by unique natural conditions. In addition to traditional dishes, tourists will be offered to taste sour cherry wine and cumin liqueur, salami, which includes figs and nuts, and also enjoy Casciotta d'Urbino cheese, which Michelangelo himself admired. To collect white and black truffles, it is worth coming in the autumn winter period.

Marche on the map of Italy

The Marche territory is located just above the middle part of the Apennine Peninsula. It stretches: on the one hand, along the sandy and pebble coast of the Adriatic Sea, and on the other, along a mountain range that crosses the entire Italian boot. The rivers in the Marche region are short, there are no large natural lakes, but the compact bodies of water are extremely beautiful and attractive from a landscape point of view. In Mark there is National parks And nature reserves, caves and sea beaches.

The area is considered one of the most hilly in Italy (69%). The rest of the territory is occupied by mountains. Most high peak has Mount Vettore - 2476 m above sea level. The region is considered earthquake-prone. The Marche region borders on Umbria, Abruzzo, Emilia-Romagna, and quite a bit on Tuscany, Lazio and the Republic of San Marino. The region is divided into 5 provinces.

How to get to Marche

18km from Ancona there is international Airport Falconara, named after Rafael Santi. Lands here aircraft from several Italian as well as European and Middle Eastern cities. The closest international airport from the Marche region that receives planes from Moscow is in Rimini.

Along the coast is laid highway Taranto-Bologna. Secondary roads fan out deeper into the peninsula, connecting big cities with small villages. A large railway line connects coastal settlements. The Marche region has developed sea view transport.

The Italian region of Marche in the east of the country is an area that unites cities with very different histories and cultures.

This administrative region owes its name to the Frankish tribes who appeared here in the 10th century and called the border lands “Marka”. Marche is located on the east coast of Central Italy and is one of the smallest regions of the country.

Geographical location and climate

Located administrative Marche region the central part of the Adriatic coast, covering an area of 9366 km². In fact, this is the 15th largest area among all 20 Italian regions. The warm Adriatic Sea washes Marche from the east, in the north the region borders with San Marino and, in the west with Umbria, in the northwest with, and in the south with.

The administrative center and, in fact, the only large port in the region is Ancona. With the exception of a narrow coastal strip, the region's territory has a mountainous terrain. All the local rivers (Esino, Metauro, Cesano, Potenza and Tronto) flow into the Adriatic Sea.

Conventionally, the region can be divided into two climatic zones. In his southern cities The climate is dry and mild, in the northern climate it is humid and cool. The most comfortable climate, of course, is on the coast. Thus, the average temperature in Ancona in summer is 20.7°C, and in winter – 3°C. Time zone is UTC+1. In summer, time differs from Moscow by 2 hours, and in winter – by 3 hours.

General information and features of administrative division

An area of 9366 km² is about 3.2% of all Italy. The population as of 2013 is 1,545,155 people, of which 100,000 live in the administrative center of Ancona. The region consists of five provinces: Ancona, Fermo, Macerato and Pesaro e Urbino.

For many years the Marche region lagged behind in economic development from other Italian regions due to the lack of roads connecting it with the central part of the country. Today the region's GDP is 2.6% of Italy. The predominance of small land ownership and the lack of fertile land causes slow development Agriculture. At the same time, Marche remains one of the main shipbuilding centers of the country.

Region Marche. A little history

The settlement of the territories of the Marche region occurred in the 9th–3rd centuries BC. e. during the Iron Age. In ancient times, the Adriatic coast was under the control of the powerful Senone tribe, which was constantly in conflict with the Romans. At the end of the 3rd century, the area known as Pisenum came under Roman control. Later there was the fall of the Western Roman Empire, wars with the Goths in 535-554, entry into the Ravenna Exarchate of Byzantium, the Lombards, conquest in 724-814 by Charlemagne and inclusion in the Holy Roman Empire.

Over time, the territory was transferred to the control of the Pope. But staying in the Papal States turned out to be a formality, since the real administration of the region was carried out by local clans. In 1796, Napoleon forced Pius to allow Ancona to be occupied. Then there was a short period of independence and entry into the Roman Republic in 1798. The territory became part of the united state in 1869.

The current capital of the region, Ancona, was founded in 390 BC. e. founded by the Greeks. The name is translated from Greek as “elbow” and is due to its external similarity: the city harbor protected by a cape resembles an elbow. In use for quite a long time local residents there were coins with palm fronds and Greek.

Cities and attractions of Marche

Perhaps one of the most interesting from a tourist point of view is the city Urbino. This locality of about 15,000 people, spread out over the Folha and Metauro hills in the center of the region, has remained virtually unchanged since the Middle Ages. From a distance, the city resembles a large-scale theatrical set in a medieval theater: among a large number of tiled roofs, a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture rises Palazzo Ducale.

The construction of this palace was initiated by Duke Federico II and lasted a whole century from the middle of the 15th century until 1563. A few years after the start of construction work, the task of building the palace city was transferred to the Italian Luciano Laurano. The architect developed a project that combined new buildings and old buildings. It was he who became the author of the famous “Tower Garden”, the courtyard and the main staircase. In 1472, Laurano was replaced by Francesco di Giorgio Martini, whose main achievement was the interiors of the palace. In addition to the Palazzo Ducale, the Church of San Bernardino degli Zoccolanti from 1472 is worth visiting in Urbino.

By the way, it was in this city that the famous treatise “Foundations of Arithmetic” by Luca Pacioli was born in 1494, in which he considered some issues of accounting. Perhaps that is why Italian Urbino is considered the “cradle” of accounting.

The administrative center of the region is the city Ancona attractive to tourists as balneological resort. Among the numerous monuments of antiquity and the Middle Ages, the Romanesque cathedral of the 11th-13th centuries and the Triumphal Arch of Trajan of the 2nd century are worthy of special mention. And, of course, the scale of the speleological complex of the Frassasi caves will not leave anyone indifferent. One of the oldest European universities, founded in 1290, is located in the town Macerata, but picturesque Pesaro famous as the birthplace of the great Gioachino Rossini. IN Loreto You can also see the earthly house of the Virgin Mary.

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Culture and art

It's no secret that cultural heritage any power is not limited to monuments of architecture and art. And in Mark they even know how to turn the prose of life into art. Thus, the traditions of craftsmanship in the manufacture of textiles, leather goods and paper are not only passed on from generation to generation, but also form the basis of the production capabilities of enterprises. The Indesit company, which produces household appliances, and musical instrument makers from Castelfidaro.

It just so happened that Marche gave the planet many Italian composers, musicians and cultural figures, including Maria Montessori, Donato Bramante, Giacomo Leopardi, Rafael Sabbatini, Gioachino Rossini and Valentino Rossi. But the most famous native of this area is Rafael Santi. On Via Contrada del Monte in Urbino, the house in which the artist was born is still preserved.

Of course, comparing Marche with large tourist centers Italy would be incorrect. But every year everything comes to the region large quantity tourists who prefer a relaxing holiday amid nature.

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