Crimea big Yalta. Regions of Crimea: Greater Yalta. Museums. Which ones are worth visiting?

Since Soviet times, summer vacations by the sea have been associated in the minds of the country's citizens primarily with Tavrida. The most famous place on the Crimean peninsula was Yalta - an amazing, picturesque and sunny city, which is still ready to warmly welcome thousands of tourists during the season.

Where is the city in Crimea?

Yalta is located on three hills in the south of Crimea. On three sides it is ringed by wooded spurs Crimean mountains- like a Greek amphitheater. The surrounding nature is amazingly lush and beautiful. The resort itself is literally surrounded by greenery of parks and gardens. The local climate is very close to the Mediterranean. The sea here is warm, and the number of sunny days a year exceeds a hundred.

Yalta on the map of Crimea

Where to stay for vacation?

For tourists who choose a holiday in Crimea, Yalta will offer many accommodation opportunities. You will be welcome in numerous and. Private sector also provides a variety of accommodation options in cottages, houses and apartments, and sometimes it is easy to save money by negotiating with the owner directly - without intermediaries. They deserve special attention; the best of them is ready to inexpensively accommodate holidaymakers.

All visitors have wonderful impressions. It is a little over 20 years old and contains more than 100 different fauna representatives. Animals can be fed with special mixtures, which are sold at the entrance. There will be a special visit to the section where baby animals are kept. Some of them are allowed to play with.

The hotel's dolphinarium offers daily performances featuring dolphins and fur seals. - born artists. Sometimes it seems that performing various tricks gives them pleasure.
After finishing the performance, you can swim with these amazingly smart and friendly animals. A photo taken at this moment will be a good reminder of summer vacation in Crimea.

You should definitely take your child on an excursion to amazing world. It's easy to explore here fairy houses and figurines of animals carved from wood and inscribed in beautiful landscape at the foot. On the territory of the park complex there are animators dressed as fairy tale characters who organize various quizzes and competitions for children.

Children in Yalta will not be left indifferent to the entertainment provided on the territory of the hotel establishment of the same name. Great slides, lots of options children's leisure, diving and fun in the pool will please everyone. Take your child for a ride on the most interesting cable car in Crimea - you will get a lot of impressions from such a ride.

Where can you eat in Yalta?

True gourmets should definitely dine at the Colonnade restaurant. Aristocraticism is the motto of the establishment and can be seen in everything, from the appearance to the interior of the premises.
Excellent presentation, high level of service and exquisite taste of dishes will ensure an excellent meal. The wine list doesn't disappoint either.

The Siam Paradise restaurant is ready to welcome fans of gastronomic delights. Here the visitor will be offered to taste dishes traditional to Thai and Japanese cuisine. The menu includes mainly seafood dishes. The level of service and quality of service compensate for the relatively high prices.

Interested budget holiday in Crimea? Yalta will not disappoint here either. You can have an inexpensive and satisfying meal for the whole family in the cozy cafe “U Solokha,” decorated in Ukrainian farmhouse style. They don’t serve any special culinary masterpieces here, but the food is tasty and the portions are large. Service is fast and the waitresses are polite.

How to get there (get there)?

Getting to Yalta from Simferopol is extremely easy. Literally every half hour, buses and minibuses depart along this line from railway station, and trolleybuses from the airport. Travel time will be about one and a half hours. Yalta is also connected with other cities of Crimea by regular bus service. Here is the schedule of the nearest buses at the city bus station:

By your own or rented car from Simferopol airport you can get there this way:

And from Sevastopol you should take this road:

Undoubtedly, Yalta is one of best places for a holiday in Crimea. Wonderful nature and a lot of entertainment will make your stay here very pleasant and memorable for a lifetime.

Yalta is located in the south Crimean peninsula on the Black Sea coast. At the same time, the concepts of the city of Yalta and Big Yalta. The last is called the Yalta region. Yalta is considered the recognized capital Crimean resorts, as well as trade and passenger seaport Southern coast of Crimea. A common version of the appearance of the city's name is that it is of Turkic origin. Yalta was first mentioned by the Arab historian Al-Idrisia in 1154.

Translated from the Crimean Tatar “yalyda” means “on the shore”. Yalta is located in the southern part of the Crimean peninsula, on the seashore on three hills in the valleys of the Derekoyka (Bystraya) and Uchan-Su (Vodopadnaya) rivers. There are a large number of parks on the territory of Greater Yalta. Vorontsovsky and Livadiysky are resort-wide attractions due to their size. The famous walking Tsar's Trail originates in Livadia Park. The following parks are also attractive for tourists: Gurzufsky, Kharaksky, Miskhorsky, Kiparisny, Chair, Primorsky and many others. They were created on the basis of the southern coastal forest using decorative foreign plants. Yalta mountain forest nature reserve located on the territory of Greater Yalta.

The territory of the city of Yalta has a subtropical Mediterranean climate. It is characterized by: mild and rainy winters, long hot summers, cool springs and long warm autumns. The combination of an ice-free warm sea and mountains that stand in the way of cold winds is of great importance. Recreational resources play the most important role for Yalta. Nature reserves such as the Yalta Mountain Forest, Crimean Natural and Cape Martyan are the city’s main therapeutic and climatic resource. Monuments of landscape gardening art of local and national significance are also important.

In Yalta there are beautiful picturesque forests, tracts and beautiful river gorges. The Crimean flora is special in that it contains a large number of plants of alien species, and also in the fact that there is a continuous vegetation of plants, when the last autumn flowers begin to bloom. The fauna has an island character and is very close to the Mediterranean type. The southern coast does not have large animals at all, mainly the following animals are characteristic of this part: teleut squirrel, mouflon mountain sheep, stone marten, badger, roe deer, wild boar, weasel, hare, hedgehog, bat, shrew, fox. The ecology of Yalta has a number of problems, primarily pollution caused by transport emissions. In the early 2000s, reconstruction of almost the entire Yalta coast began, namely: many beaches were reconstructed, and new ones were created; many have been gentrified wild beaches. Massandra Beach received the prestigious Blue Flag award.

Restoration, after which the Yalta embankment became shopping street and a place of mass celebrations, was completed in 2003. The resort city of Yalta gained wide popularity during the Soviet years. This was due to the fact that holidays here were much easier due to visa-free regime and affordability for residents of the CIS countries, and since the beginning of the 21st century it has become cheaper in comparison with Russian resorts. As for the landscape of Yalta, there is an interesting combination architectural structures and nature.

A large number of beautiful picturesque buildings have been preserved on the territory. late XIX– beginning of the twentieth century. Today, the city is also of considerable interest among vacationers against the backdrop of Russian and European resort cities. Every year this city is visited by a large number of people who are going to have a good time, relax, swim in the sea, visit local attractions or receive treatment in Yalta sanatoriums.

Yalta (according to one version, the name comes from the modern Greek “Yalos”, which means “shore”) is the most popular of the Crimean resorts, rightfully called the capital of the Southern Coast of Crimea. The city of Yalta is located 86 km from, 40 km southwest of, and 80 km from in a vast amphitheater facing the sea, between capes Ai-Todor in the west and Montedor in the east. From the northwest and north, Yalta is fenced by a high 1400-meter mountain range, saving it from the cold.

The population of Yalta is about 100 thousand people. (Russians, Ukrainians, Crimean Tatars).

The city is the administrative center of the resort region - Greater Yalta, which, in addition to Yalta, administratively includes the city of Alupka, the villages of Gaspra, Gurzuf, Koreiz, Livadia, Massandra, Simeiz, Foros and other settlements.

Story

The first mention of “Jalita” that has come down to us is found in the description Crimean coast, which was compiled in 1154 by the famous Arab traveler Al-Idrisiya. In the XIV – XV centuries. Yalta was part of the Principality of Theodoro, then fell under the rule of the Genoese. In the 16th – 18th centuries. it was a small village. In the year of Crimea’s annexation to Russia, there were only 13 houses and a military redoubt built by A.V. Suvorov in 1771. In 1837, by order of the Emperor, Yalta was granted city status. On March 23, 1838, a corresponding decree of the Senate followed: “Taking into account the special local situation south coast of the Tauride Peninsula, the rapid increase in population there and the noticeable spread of industry among the inhabitants, we recognized it as a good thing, in order to eliminate the inconveniences arising from the accumulation of cases in the government places of the Simferopol district, to establish a new district in the Tauride province... from part of the Simferopol district... to create a new district called Yalta, renaming the town of Yalta the city...". The newly created city was allocated a little more than seven acres of land.

In 1843, the first plan of Yalta was established. There was already an embankment here, and on one of the central streets - Elizavetinskaya - there were thirty houses in which 224 residents lived.

After in the 60s of the nineteenth century, Professor S.P. Botkin found the climate of the southern coast of Crimea healing and recommended the tsar to buy a dacha here (later it became Livadia), Yalta was first talked about as a resort.

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. this city is already spoken of as the “Russian Riviera”.

By that time, there were more than a thousand houses, where more than twenty thousand residents lived.

However, the foundation of the existing resort and sanatorium complex was laid in the 20-30s of the twentieth century, when the construction of health resorts began on the South Coast.

Yalta received city status in the USSR in 1938.

Climate, beaches and sea

The climate of Yalta is subtropical Mediterranean type - warm and dry. Average annual air temperature +13°С (in May +16°С, in July +24°С, in September +19°С, in October +14.2°С, in November +9°С, in February +4° WITH). Different sources estimate the number of sunny days per year differently - 225, 247, 276. Winter is very mild, with big amount precipitation (humidity - 73%), summers are hot and dry (62%). The beaches of Yalta consist mainly of pebbles. The bottom is steep.

The swimming season lasts from late May – early June to mid-October (149 days a year). average temperature sea water in June +18.7°C, in July +21.9°C, in August +22.9°C. In June - July, surge winds arise off the coast of Yalta, which carry warming waters away from the coast into the open sea layers of water, to be replaced by rising from the depths cold water. In this case, the water temperature can drop by 12° in a few hours.

Surge phenomena off the coast of Yalta are observed annually. On average, there are up to three drives per year with a total maximum duration of up to 50 days. The average sea water temperature in September is +21.8°, in October +17.1°.

Big Yalta

Big Yalta is, in fact, a narrow strip of the southern coast of Crimea, which stretches over a distance of 70 km and unites more than 30 settlements into a single whole. The largest of them are located in the following order: Gurzuf - Nikita - Massandra - Livadia - Yalta - Gaspra - Koreiz - Miskhor - Alupka - Simeiz - Foros.

Gurzuf is located 16 km from Yalta. It's pretty big resort village. The average annual temperature is +13°C, the beach is shallow. Immediately behind the famous one below the highway stretch the buildings, parks and beaches of the International children's center"Artek".

The world famous Nikitsky is inextricably linked with the name of Nikita Botanical Garden(founded in 1812) is rightfully the most popular of the south coast parks, connecting nature, history, art and science. His collection includes more than 28 thousand plants from all over the world.

The village of Massandra, part of Greater Yalta, is known throughout the world thanks to the Massandra winery. Wines bearing the brand of the Massandra plant have been standing up to the most demanding international competitions for several decades.

Miskhor, Gaspra, Koreiz are located 12 - 15 km from Yalta and practically merged into one locality. This is one of the warmest places on the South Coast, average annual temperature+14.2°C. The main attraction of Gaspra is undoubtedly the world famous.

The distance between Yalta and the village of Simeiz is 21 km. The most beautiful places, steep banks and coastal rocks: Diva, Panea, Swan Wing. Mount Koshka is also located here, which is a landscape and historical-architectural reserve.

Sanatorium-resort complex. Accommodation

There are about 170 sanatorium-resort and health-improving institutions concentrated in Greater Yalta. Beautiful natural factors, as well as a good medical base contribute to the successful treatment of diseases of the respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system and other diseases.

There are over twenty hotels in the city, among which the four-star hotels Oreanda and Yalta-Intourist stand out.

Almost always, even in the busiest summer months, you can rent a room or apartment in the private sector. At the same time, prices can be very different: from 10 hryvnia/day (in the off-season) to $20 - 50, of course, per person.

Transport

Most visitors get to Yalta by trolleybus from Simferopol. An hour and a half journey to Alushta, another hour to Yalta. The ticket price is a little more than 5 UAH.

A bus (or minibus) is more comfortable, half an hour faster, but also almost twice as expensive, and they don’t go as often.

You can wait minibus, approximately 10 - 15 hryvnia per person. A car will cost 100 - 150 hryvnia.

There is a seaport. Do you want to take a ride to Sevastopol or to Feodosia? - Please.

In Yalta itself there are trolleybuses (40 kopecks) and minibuses (from 75 kopecks).

Where to relax

There are no problems with this in Yalta. First of all, this is the Yalta embankment, which stretches for several kilometers. You can just take a walk under the palm trees, you can sit in a cafe, bar or restaurant, which are found here on every corner, look at the Moon through a telescope, order your own portrait, walk among the stalls of the ubiquitous peddlers, go to the casino... You can’t list everything, if only there were money: the thing is that prices here can admittedly be very inhumane. Not deprived South Capital Crimea and the attention of Russian stars. In terms of the number of spectators, the Yubileiny Cinema and Concert Hall took first place in the CIS last year.

During the day, if you are tired of the beach, you can visit local attractions, and believe me, there are many of them.

Yalta on the map is located in the southern part of Crimea, from Foros in the west and all the way to Krasnokamenka in the east. This city is the recognized resort capital of the peninsula, an important passenger and commercial port.

History of the name

The city of Yalta, according to the most common version, got its name from the Greek word “Yalos”, which translates as “shore”. This settlement was first mentioned in 1154. Lines about the Polovtsian city on Black Sea coast came from the pen of the Arab historian Al-Idrisiya.

Yalta on the map. Physiographic characteristics

The city is located in the southern part of the Crimean Peninsula. It occupies the shore of the Yalta Bay in the Black Sea. On the territory of the city there are the hills of Darsan and Glory. On the land side, Yalta is surrounded by a semicircle of the Crimean Mountains.

A general resort attraction is the Vorontsovsky and Livadiysky parks, located on the territory of Greater Yalta (the latter includes the city itself, Alupka and many villages). First of all, they impress with their impressive size. Unique decorative foreign plants were widely used in their creation.

Climate Features

Where is the city of Yalta located? About the same geographic latitude, as the popular Italian resorts of Genoa and Ravenna. Approximately 2,250 hours a year the city is caressed by the warm sun. Such chic Mediterranean resorts as San Remo, Nice and Cannes can boast a similar indicator. The city of Yalta (Crimea) has a temperate climate, similar to the Mediterranean subtropical one. Winters here are rainy and mild, springs are cool, summers are long and hot, and autumns are warm and long (the so-called velvet season).

Yalta on the map of Crimea is located in the embrace of the warm sea and mountains, which play the role of reliable protectors from cold winds. Such geographical feature provides favorable conditions for vacationers.

Yalta (Crimea) is famous, first of all, for its recreational resources. Such reserves as “Cape Martyan”, Crimean Natural and Yalta Mountain Forest provide the therapeutic and climatic value of the resort.

Beaches

Yalta (photos of the city are presented in the article) is famous for its magnificent beaches. However, not so long ago they were subject to gradual destruction under the influence of landslides. People began to purposefully improve beaches only a few decades ago. Thus, the construction of retaining walls was organized, digging trenches in the seabed and filling them with stones. With the help of floating cranes, hundred-ton buoys were installed, and millions of cubic meters of crushed stone were placed between them. As a result, people learned to create artificial beaches even in those areas that were previously considered completely unsuitable for recreation.

Fauna, flora

The Yalta Nature Reserve is unique place, where approximately two thousand species of various plants grow. Juniper-oak forests and bushes cover the slopes of the city. The most common species are Scots and Crimean pine, as well as juniper, and downy, maple, hornbeam, beech, cedar, dogwood, pear and rowan.

The forests on the southern coast are of extremely important water and soil protection importance, therefore they are recognized as protected areas and are carefully protected.

The fauna of the southern Crimean coast has an island character and is similar in type to the Mediterranean. In this territory you can see red deer, roe deer, stone marten, badger, teleut squirrel, wild boar, weasel, fox, hare, hedgehog, shrew, bat.

Ecological situation

First of all, let’s highlight a number of existing problems:

At least nine hundred units per hour (sometimes this figure reaches 1600 units) is the traffic load on the main highways of Yalta during the daytime in the summer. Concerning winter period, the main source of harmful emissions into the atmosphere are considered to be boiler houses, the state of whose treatment systems has left much to be desired for many years.
The maximum concentration on the highways of Simferopol reaches six maximum permissible concentrations (maximum permissible concentration), and on the roads of Yalta - three, which may be due to the use of low-quality fuel.
As experts have established, in Yalta the concentration of benzopyrene is almost twice as high as the optimal one. This fact allows us to assert that the environmental situation in the city is unsatisfactory.
In March 2012, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development allocated ten million hryvnia to modernize the Yalta sewerage system in order to stop the discharge of runoff into the waters of the Black Sea. However, as of 2013, the city's wastewater treatment plants are still in very poor condition. For this reason, the waters adjacent to the port beaches are periodically polluted with sewage.
April 2012 was marked by widespread discussion of the problem of poor cleaning of city streets. Local residents independently organized cleanup days to clear Yalta of garbage. In September of the same year, such events resumed because local authorities were unable to maintain cleanliness in the city.

A little history

The remains of settlements of the ancient inhabitants of the Crimean territories - the Taurians - were found by archaeologists near Simeiz, on Cape Ai-Todor and in some other places. The artifacts have been dated to around the fourth to fifth centuries BC. The Tauri were pirates, fishermen, farmers, hunters and cattle breeders. Their lifestyle can be described as semi-sedentary.

According to legend, Yalta is a city founded by Greek sailors. It is believed that they wandered for a long time across the endless expanses of the Black Sea, and after they saw the long-awaited shore, they exclaimed: “Yalos!” (that’s how the word “shore” sounds in Greek). Since then, these lands have been called that way. On maps and documents of the 14th century. the city is referred to as Yalita, Gialita, Kallita and Etalita.

Is Yalta Russia or Ukraine? Currently it belongs to the Russian Federation, but in the summer of 1475 the city, like the whole of Crimea, was captured by the Ottoman Turks. South coast included in Ottoman Empire. In the second half of the fifteenth century, a powerful earthquake occurred that destroyed Yalta. Only seventy years later did Armenians and Greeks begin to settle in the devastated area. Historians believe that it was during that period that the name still used today was assigned to the city.

Is Yalta Russia or Ukraine? Back in 1783, Crimea became part of the Russian Empire. This happened as a consequence of the process of mass resettlement of Crimean Christians in the Azov region in 1778 and the emigration of Crimean Tatars to Turkey. At that time, Yalta was a small desert fishing village.

Nineteenth century

The Governor-General of the Novorossiysk lands - Count Vorontsov - in 1823 provided two hundred acres of Yalta land, subject to the cultivation of vineyards, gardens and construction. The newly-made wealthy owners, thanks to the hard work of their serfs, built luxurious villas, palaces, mansions, and laid out huge industrial gardens and vineyards on this territory. In addition, magnificent parks appeared at this time, which still delight the eye today. local residents and tourists: Gurzufsky, Massandrovsky, Alupkinsky, Livadia and others.

The city of Yalta gradually grew. A map of the area allowed Vorontsov to understand that this inconspicuous settlement, thanks to its unique topography and convenient bay, could become an important city for Russia.

Important transformations

The year 1838 was marked by the formation of the Yalta district. The once deserted village acquired the status of a city. A year earlier, Count Vorontsov ordered the construction of a gravel road that connected Yalta with Simferopol and Alushta. In 1848, the city gained direct road connections with Sevastopol.

Destruction and restoration

During the war of 1853-1856. The whole of Crimea was seriously damaged. Yalta (a map of the city at that time helps to understand the nature and scale of the destruction) was no exception. Over time, the city was restored, moreover, they began to talk about it as an excellent resort. Dr. Dmitriev and Professor Botkin noted that the Yalta climate is healing. It was for this reason that Emperor Alexander the Third issued a decree on the construction of two palaces in the city - Livadia and Massandra.

Private construction also did not stand still. Thus, one of the richest people in Russia - Prince Yusupov - built a palace in Koreiz, Count Milyutin - in Simeiz, Naryshkin - in Miskhor.

In 1886, according to the instructions of Alexander III, the construction of a powerful stone pier, as well as a sewer system, began. Another important implemented project of that period was the Yalta embankment. In 1898, construction of the city water supply was completed.

As a result, by the end of the nineteenth century, many knew where Yalta was on the map, since the city was already known as wonderful resort. The interest of those in power was also fueled by the fact that in the 1860s Livadia, near Yalta, became the southern residence of the Tsar’s family.

The twentieth century

Is Yalta Russia or Ukraine? Russia. And at the beginning of the last century, many representatives of the imperial nobility considered it their duty to have a palace or at least a dacha on the southern coast of Crimea.

By 1914, the city already had two gymnasiums and a commercial school, two clubs, four paid clubs, libraries and the same number of cinemas.

The position of Yalta changed significantly after the end of two revolutions - the February and October. According to Lenin's decree, luxurious mansions and palaces were given over to the use of the people. In addition, new health resorts were actively built. The Dolossy sanatorium was the first to open its doors. This happened in 1928.

And again the war...

During the Great Patriotic War, German troops occupied Crimea. Anti-Nazi activities were launched in Yalta. The occupiers organized a Jewish ghetto in the city. 4,500 Yalta residents were herded there. All of them were later shot near Massandra. In the period from 1941 to 1944, Yalta was mercilessly bombed by enemy aircraft. The city was liberated from the invaders in April 1944.

Is Yalta Russia or Ukraine? From 1954 to 2014, the city was part of the Ukrainian lands, but currently it is part of the Russian Federation.

Recent history

At the dawn of the twenty-first century, reconstruction of most of the Yalta coast began. As a result, the condition of the beaches, which today receive more than one thousand people a year, has significantly improved, and Massandrovsky was even awarded “ Blue flag" In 2003, reconstruction work on the city embankment was completed. Since then, it has been not only a shopping street, but also a place of mass celebrations. In 2009, a memorial chapel was erected on the same embankment, which was later consecrated in the name of the Council of New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia. It was built in honor of the memory of all the innocents killed during the hard times, during the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. It is noteworthy that the memorial is located not far from the wooden chapel of St. Alexander Nevsky, demolished in 1932, erected in memory of Alexander the Second, who died at the hands of terrorists.

On March 18, 2014, Crimea (including Yalta) became part of Russian Federation. This happened on the basis of a popular referendum held two days earlier, as well as an agreement between the authorities of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea.

It is not for nothing that the residents of Yalta proudly call hometown museum under open air. Created as a holiday destination for Russian nobles, this once tiny settlement is now popular resort. Tourists from many countries are happy to soak up the local beaches under the gentle Yalta sun.

The southern coast of Crimea is a wonderful place that has been attracting people for several centuries. , the unofficial capital of this area, grows every year, occupying the surrounding mountains, merging with neighboring villages.

The concept of Big Yalta has already appeared: more than 70 kilometers. Big Yalta in the east begins with Gurzuf, and ends in Foros in the west. Greater Yalta includes the city of Alupka, 7 large resorts and many small resort villages.

The boundaries between them are practically erased. On a small stretch of the peninsula there are many palaces, mansions, churches, parks and other interesting attractions.

Gurzuf

It is probably no coincidence that among the many empty valleys of the southern coast of Crimea, the first Russians chose Gurzuf. Estates were built here, parks were laid out, and one of the first resorts in Russia was opened.

Since those times, a small part of the old city has been preserved with narrow, crooked streets, a magnificent park with fountains of the 19th century, the dachas of K. Korovin and A. Chekhov, which today have been turned into museums and many others interesting corners, pleasant for walks.

Mount Bear- a symbol not only of Gurzuf, but of the entire Crimea. A bear drinking water from the sea can be seen from almost anywhere in the village.

You can climb or drive to the top of the mountain and admire stunning views of the sea and coastline.

There are several creative houses of artists and writers in Gurzuf. This place has an extraordinary aura, which is so necessary for work and creativity.

From Yalta to Gurzuf 18 kilometers. You can get there by bus from the Yalta bus station or by minibus No. 31. Travel time is about an hour.

Massandra

Massandra is a small, cozy village very close to the outskirts of Yalta. The development of this place, like all the villages on the southern coast of Crimea, began in the 19th century.

The fame of Massandra was brought by the winemaking enterprises that still exist here, which were the first in Crimea to produce wines of European quality.

The famous wine cellars of Massandra are still the main object of interest for tourists. Excursions come here from all over Crimea to visit cellars, taste famous Massandra wines and, of course, buy their favorite wines.

- the most little-known royal residence. The palace was opened relatively recently as a museum.

For many years after the revolution, the palace was the state dacha of the top officials of the state, and therefore is well preserved.

The magnificent Massandra park still delights tourists today. This park is a real masterpiece of landscape architecture.

From the center of Yalta to Massandra is only 5 kilometers. You can get there by bus No. 44 or minibus No. 3 in just 5-10 minutes, if the road is clear.

Livadia

On the slope of Mount Mogabi, 3 kilometers from Yalta, there is the village of Livadia. In the 70s of the 19th century, Livadia became summer residence Russian Tsar Alexander III.

The Great and Small Palaces were built for the royal family. Even earlier, the first owners planted vineyards and wine production began.

On large territory They created a park with rare plants, planted an orchard, and built a greenhouse. When the royal family vacationed in Livadia in the summer, outsiders were strictly prohibited from entering the residence. Even the passage on the Yalta-Sevastopol road was blocked.

After the revolution in 1925, a sanatorium was opened in Levadia, which still exists.
During the German occupation, the Bolshoi so-called White Livadia Palace.

In February 1945, the famous Yalta Conference took place here. After many years of restoration work, the White Palace was opened for tours in 1974.
In Livadia there is a center for organ music "Livadia".

Livadia is located on a mountain, the village rises about 100 meters above the sea. Walking down the stairs every day is not a very pleasant experience.

To go down to the beach you can use the elevators, which are 300 meters from the village. The elevators are paid, have 2 lines, and deliver to the free beach.

Livadia beach is large-pebble, with a small number of sunbeds. The water in the sea, unlike Yalta, is very clean.

You can get from Yalta to Livadia by minibuses:

No. 11 from the Yalta bus station;
No. 27 Yalta-Alupka;
No. 55 Massandra - Livalia;
No. 32, 47 from clothing market.

The border between Yalta and Livadia is conditional, travel time is no more than 10 minutes.

Oreanda

The name of the village was given by the surrounding rocks. The word "oreanda" means rocky. The resort is 6 kilometers away from Yalta. Most of the village, Nizhnyaya Oreanda, is located by the sea.

Since 1825, the village was the property of the Romanov family. The “Sunny Path” still runs here, which starts in Livadia Park and ends in a white rotunda gazebo.

Here Nicholas I built the first palace in Crimea, which after his death, the palace passed to Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich.

30 years after its construction, the palace burned down. After the fire, it was built from the remaining stones

The most interesting attraction of Oreanda is the Mastovaya rock.

A huge rock near the seashore is split into two parts. Inside one of them there is a grotto in which the site of a primitive man was found.

IN Lower Oreanda there are many sanatoriums that have public beach which is called "Golden Beach"

The small pebble beach stretches for 400 meters between Livadia and Cape Ai-Todor, looking like Neptune’s trident.
The rocks above Oreanda protect it from the northern winds.

The magnificent Oreanda Park, with many evergreens, makes this small village a wonderful place to relax. There is a “Chekhov’s” bench in the park. The writer often walked in the park, and many of his stories take place here, in particular the meeting of the characters in the story “The Lady with the Dog.”

You can get from Yalta by any minibus from the Yalta bus station towards Alupka. The Yalta-Alupka road passes through the village.

Gaspra

Gaspra, which is located 10 kilometers from Yalta, is considered one of best resorts southern coast of Crimea.

Gaspra has practically no borders with the neighboring villages of Miskhor and Koreiz. There are many sanatoriums in Gaspra that are open all year round.

The abundance of cedars, junipers and cypresses makes the air healing. Doctors recommend that people with pulmonary diseases spend at least 2 weeks a year here.

There are many attractions in Gaspra, the most famous of which is the castle " bird home" This castle on a rock is one of the famous symbols of Crimea.

The castle is currently closed for restoration, but Observation deck around him is open. It opens from it beautiful view to the surrounding area.

Gaspra has very ancient and rare monuments - the Taurus necropolises and the Roman fortress of Charax, which were built before our era.

Before the revolution, the Yasnaya Polyana sanatorium was a palace that belonged to Prince Golitsin and Countess Panina. In 1901-1902 Leo Tolstoy rested here. The sanatorium has a museum room of L. Tolstoy and a memorial plaque.
The building of the Yasnaya Polyana sanatorium is a palace with octagonal side towers, which are crowned with battlements and covered with ivy. The building is very decorated with lancet windows.

The Tsar's Path runs from Gaspra to Livadia, which was a favorite walking place for the family of Tsar Nicholas II.

In Gaspra there is the Aytodor Lighthouse, built in 1835 on the site where a Roman signal tower was located.
Yu. Tyurin, the lighthouse keeper, created a museum of items of maritime life: ship bells, nautical charts, photographs and items of marine life.

At the top of Ai-Todor grows a unique tree - a pistachio, which is more than 1000 years old. This amazing tree is one of the oldest in Crimea.

The beaches of the Gaspra sanatoriums are pebbly. They are well equipped with umbrellas, sun loungers, changing rooms, showers and toilets.

Natural, “wild” beaches on the southern coast of Crimea are a rarity. There are them in Gaspra, and they are made of dark shale sand mixed with gravel. To protect the beaches, pebbles have been added to the beach soil.

From the Gaspra embankment you can get to Yalta by pleasure boat or motor ship. Also, all three main car roads along the southern coast of Crimea pass through Gaspra. From Yalta to Gaspra you can take minibuses No. 47 (Yalta - Koreiz), No. 26 (Yalta - Simeiz), No. 32, 27 (Yalta - Alupka), or by regular bus Yalta - Foros.

Koreiz

The history of Koreiz, a small village 12 kilometers from Yalta, began in the 30s of the 19th century. The estate here was acquired by Princess A.S. Golitsina, who was exiled to Crimea for her religious views.

According to the design of architects K. Eshlishman and F. Elson, an estate and an Orthodox church were built. At the beginning of the 20th century, Prince Yusupov bought the estate and built a magnificent Art Nouveau palace next to the old manor house.

Yusupov Palace is one of the most luxurious in Crimea. The palace was built according to the design of the architect Krasnov from local stone, gray marble-like limestone, the deposit of which is located in Gaspra.

The architecture of the palace is eclectic: white enamel panels, Viennese chairs and corner sofas are adjacent to marble lions brought from Italy. The palace is surrounded by a magnificent park, which occupies more than 16 hectares. The park grows ornamental plants, including many rare ones.

In Koreiz there is another wonderful monument - the Dulber Palace. It was built at the end of the 19th century for Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich Romanov, uncle of Emperor Nicholas II. The Moorish style of the palace makes it stand out among Crimean palace buildings. Peter Romanov borrowed ideas for the structure while traveling around the Middle East. The amazing castle is decorated with domes and battlements; above the entrance you can see a saying from the Koran. The palace is surrounded by a picturesque park with palm trees, bamboo groves, plane trees and pistachio trees.
Currently, the palace houses a sanatorium.

Ai-Petrinsky rises above Koreiz mountain range. The slopes are covered with a forest of the famous Crimean pine, and the battlements of Ai-Petri look like the ruins of medieval castles or dragons.

You can get to Koreiz from Yalta by bus No. 47. The bus departs from the square near the Yalta clothing market.

Foros

Foros is one of the oldest settlements on the southern coast of Crimea. It was founded by the Greeks in the 5th century BC. Information about Foros can be found in the treasury lists of Genoa.

After the conquest of Crimea by Russia, the Foros estate was acquired by A. Kuznetsov, the porcelain and tea king. For the long-term residence of the Kuznetsov family, a two-story mansion was built in the classicist style. The interior of the mansion was quite luxurious. The best masters of applied art were invited to decorate it. 15 wall panels by artist Y. Klever have survived to this day. Today the mansion is one of the buildings of the sanatorium.

At the same time as the mansion, the Foros park was founded. The basis of the park was the forests that grew on the slopes of the mountains. The most famous place park - " Paradise" There are 6 artificial lakes created here, picturesquely located at different levels.

The construction of the magnificent Foros Church of the Resurrection of Christ is also associated with the name of Kuznetsov. It is located on the Red Rock and rises 400 meters above the sea. The snow-white cross-domed church in the Byzantine style is built of brick. In accordance with Byzantine traditions, the interior of the temple amazes with its luxury: frescoes, mosaics, marble cladding.
From the church there is a beautiful view of Foros, Cape Chekhov, and the wonderful Tikhaya Bay.

Foros is separated from Yalta by 38 kilometers, which can be traveled by minibus No. 28 from the bus station.

Big Yalta is magnificent resort region with dozens of resort villages, many palaces, unique parks, a huge amount sanatoriums and wonderful, warm sea. Holidays here are a real holiday.

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