Prospects for the development of winter tourism in the southern Urals. Tourist potential of the Urals. Developed types of tourism. Main centers. Tour programs and routes

The Ural region is the easternmost region of the Center of Russia. It occupies the mountains of the Urals, Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals. Administratively, it includes the Perm, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk regions, Bashkiria and East End Udmurtia. Characteristics of the recreational and tourist potential of the region involves highlighting the features of assessing socio-economic parameters, and recreational tourism resources Ural region: The region is politically stable and is in the leading political positions in the Russian Federation in terms of initiative and legislative activity. The Ural region is rich in unique natural monuments and attractions. The Urals are located between the European part of the country, Siberia and Central Asia, with which it is connected by a developed transport network. The region has formed relatively high level development of market infrastructure. The Urals have a historically high intellectual, scientific, technical and cultural potential. Conditions for development are determined by the mountains and existing transport links in the region. Recreational potential significant area: rivers - Kama, Belaya, Tura, Iset; tributaries – Chusovaya, Mias; lakes - Uvildy, Shartash.

The main tourist centers of the region are Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Ufa, Nizhny Tagil, Nevyansk.

Climate- Climate continental area. The level of solar light radiation varies from insufficient in the north (1650 hours) to moderate (1800 hours). In the north, the level of ultraviolet radiation in winter is insufficient, in the rest of the territory it is optimal. The frost-free period lasts from 95 to 140 days. Summer is warm. average temperature July + 18° C. Winter is moderately cold. The average January temperature is -15° C. In the north, snow cover lasts 150-190 days, and in the south about 110 days. Its height reaches 40-60 cm. The most favorable period for tourism and recreation begins at the end of May and ends in September. It can sometimes be overshadowed by cold rains in the mountains in the north and excessive heat and drought in the south. The winter season is favorable for skiing and downhill skiing.

Ancient mountains, "gray-haired Ural" - the brightest natural feature region. They create a unique image of the Urals, making it attractive to numerous tourists and vacationers. In terms of landscape, the area can be divided into several parts. Ural ridge consists of the mid-altitude Northern Urals (1569 m above sea level), the low-mountain Central Urals (up to 700 m above sea level), and the mid-mountain Southern Urals (1640 m above sea level). The foothill plains are bordered from the west by the Verkhnekamsk (300-330 m above sea level) and Bugulminsko-Belebeevskaya (380-420 m above sea level) uplands. The dissected relief creates conditions for the development of various species active tourism. Many of the highest peaks of the Northern and Southern Urals - Isherim (1331 m), Denezhkin Kamen (1492 m), Konzhakovsky Kamen (1569 m), Bolshoy Iremmel (1582 m), Yamantau (1640 m) - are rocky and treeless. They are popular among mountaineers and rock climbers.

The territory of the region is watered by a large number of rivers. The largest of which are: Kama, Belaya, Ural, Tura, Iset, as well as their tributaries: Chusovaya, Yuryuzan, Inzer, Ay, Miass). There are many lakes in the foothills: Uvildy, Argazi, Irtyash, Shartash, Kalkak. Among water bodies, the Kama Reservoir plays an important role.

The swimming season in the north of the Ural region is quite short - only about one month, while in the south it reaches three. The hydromineral resources of the Ural region are quite diverse. Along with sulfate drinking waters and sodium bromine chloride brines, carbonic ferrous, hydrogen sulfide, bromine, iodine-bromine and radon waters are common here. In Bashkiria there is a unique natural resort “Yangantau”, where the main healing factor is natural hot steam and dry hot gases coming to the surface from the cracks of Mount Yangantau. Sodium chloride brines (salt waters) with mineralization from 35 to 150 g/l were opened in different regions Volga region at depths from 400 to 1500 m, they are used in the Udmurt sanatoriums “Varzi-Yatchi” and “Metallurg”.

The Uvildy resort is located in the Argayash district Chelyabinsk region. Natural healing factors: unique mild climate of the southeastern shore of Lake Uvildy with high natural ionization and saturation with phytoncides, highly active natural radon waters from a natural source (the most effective in Russia); natural sapropel mud from Lake Sabanay. Sanatorium profile: diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine systems, musculoskeletal system, gynecological and urological diseases.

Sanatorium Obukhovsky, Kurya, catfish-mud of Lake Moltaeva,

Resources therapeutic mud in the area are represented by peat and sapropel mud. There are small lake-spring deposits of silt sulfide mud. Peat mud is found in the forest zone in Udmurtia - the Varzi-Yachi resort.

Sverdlovsk region is a combination of a developed economy and infrastructure with a variety of natural resources: picturesque mountains, forest lands, healing lakes. Ekaterinburg is a center of business tourism, business, congress and exhibition, corporate tourism. Many excursion programs (sightseeing and thematic), museums. There are many caves in the region, and therefore caving tourism is developed here. Popular ski resorts on the Uktus Mountains, in the vicinity of Revda, Mikhailovsk, Pervouralsk, Nizhny Tagil, Sredneuralsk, etc. Educational tourism: 1Sysert: Bazhov places, Talkov stone, horse-riding, horse-drawn sleigh rides, excursions in the Bazhov places park. 2Kholzan (Sysert district): aviary complex for the rehabilitation and monitoring of birds of prey. 3Koptelovo - not far from Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha. The village is famous for its Museum of the History of Agriculture and Life of Peasants. 4Nevyansk - Tavolgi: Family nest of the Demidovs, the famous dynasty of industrialists and metallurgists (located more than 80 km from Yekaterinburg). The symbol of the city is the Nevyansk leaning tower. 5 Oleniy Ruchi: The excursion route passes through a section of forest that has the status of a natural monument of regional significance with an amazing variety of flora and fauna. 6Kungur Cave - unique monument nature, the age of the cave is about 10-12 thousand years. 7Ganina Yama: Ganina Yama is a tract 17 km from Yekaterinburg, an abandoned copper mine. In the summer of 1918, the remains of the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II Romanov were secretly destroyed in one of his mines. A monastery was built here in the name of the Holy Royal Passion-Bearers. 8Verkhoturye is the spiritual center of the Urals. Many Orthodox churches. 9Alapaevsk - N. Sinyachikha Alapaevsk is the birthplace of the great composer P.I. Tchaikovsky. House-museum of composer P.I. Tchaikovsky. Nizhnesinyachikha Museum-Reserve of Wooden Architecture and Folk Art right below open air. 10IrbitMuseum of Fine Arts (graphics and engravings), historical and ethnographic museum, motorcycle museum. Ostrich farm "Irbit Ostrich".

Types of tourism: Ecotourism (Oleniy Ruchii, Bazhovsky Natural Park, Lake Arakul - Shikhan rocks, Natural Park“Chusovaya River” etc.), skiing, caving tourism, business, educational.

Perm region - was located in the Western Urals in the upper reaches of the Kama River. Not far from Perm, on the high bank of the Kama, there is the only one in the Urals architectural and ethnographic museum-reserve "Khokhlovka", covering an area of 42 hectares. Unique wooden buildings of the 17th-19th centuries were transported here from the north of the region. Every summer, folklore festivals are held on the territory of the open-air museum, which attract groups from many regions of Russia. Kungurskaya ice cave - a unique natural monument of all-Russian significance. City Solikamsk is one of the oldest cities in the Urals. There is a unique salt museum here. The cities of Osa (museum, architectural monuments), Cherdyn (collection of copper-bronze plastic (Perm animal style), architectural buildings of the 17th-18th centuries, Usolye (architectural monuments) are rich in sights. Places through which the river flows Chusovaya River associated with many historical events, with famous figures in Russian history (Ermak, Stroganovs, Demidovs, Emelyan Pugachev) Stone City(Damn town)– Bizarre rock outcrops form a network of corridors and tiers on a hill in the middle of the forest. Usvinsky Pillars and Shumikhinsky Rocks“Usva Pillars” - pillar-shaped light gray outcrops rise steeply 150 m above the level of Usva, on the right bank, rising with multifaceted stone bell towers. Their peaks are almost inaccessible. The pillars are often visited by tourists, both while traveling around Usva and on their own. There is a good path leading to the top of the stone. From the top platform there is an amazing view of the Usva River valley. One of the attractions here is the Usvinsky (Devil's) finger, this is a free-standing rock outcrop of impressive size. There are several difficult mountaineering and climbing routes along it, which are accessible only with special equipment and preparation.

Ski tourism – Mount Gubakha. Cruises on the Kama.

Healing natural resources are varied: the Ust-Kachka resort.

Chelyabinsk region National parks: Zyuratkul - Lake Zyuratkul is the main decoration of the park; it also has all the opportunities for sports tourism - fishing and active rest. Ecological trail, ascent to the Zyuratkul ridge. Very beautiful Whale pier (designed like a theme park) Ilmensky Reserve- more than 260 minerals were found here, 11 of which were discovered for the first time in the world, and among the plants there are species found only here. More than 30 lakes, one of the famous ones is Lake Turgoyak. Specialized natural landscape and historical and archaeological center "Arkaim". Arkaim has already become a kind of spiritual center, our Russian Mecca. There are many deep, universal mysteries associated with the Arkaim phenomenon. Today, only one thing can be said with certainty: Arkaim and the “Country of Cities” are one of greatest discoveries XX century. Zlatoust the city is rich in historical and architectural monuments, temples and museums, a dam and an ancient factory, and German streets.

Ski tourism – ski center "Adzhigardak", "Zavyalikha", "Egoza", " Sunny Valley». Recreation on lakes and fishing - Uvildy, Turgoyak, Itkul, Zyuratkul, Arakul, Kisegach, Sungul.

Bashkortostan – Nature has endowed Bashkiria with a unique and rare beauty: there are majestic mountains covered with coniferous and deciduous forests. Mountain rivers with picturesque waterfalls, numerous lakes and caves (about 300 karst caves), as well as a significant number of sunny days, climate moderation, diversity of flora and fauna. The healing mountain air, the aroma of herbs, Bashkir honey, kumiss, and the purity of wild rivers will bring a lot of health to travelers. Big choice active tours By the most beautiful places Bashkiria: horseback riding tours, catamaran rafting on the Belaya and Zilim rivers, walking tours, bus routes. Sanatoriums, resorts and recreational tourism. In Bashkiria there is a unique resort, Yangan-Tau, where the natural healing factor is natural hot steam and dry gases. The Abzakovo ski resort and the Metallurg-Magnitogorsk ski center are popular.

Business tourism - 90% foreigners. Industrial tourism. River cruises“Perm - Kazan - Ulyanovsk” - Mikhail Kutuzov, “Perm - Tchaikovsky - Elabuga - Kazan - Nizhny Novgorod- Gorodets - Kostroma - Yaroslavl - Myshkin - Uglich - Moscow - Fedor Panferov. The quality of service does not depend on demand.

Conclusion: It is not easy to make the capital of the Urals a tourist Mecca, because for a long time it was closed to foreigners. And the Ural brand is an opportunity to promote the Ural tourism product. In general, the potential is great, but there are problems in receiving tourists in Yekaterinburg:

1. accommodation, no hotels tour. class; price discrepancy; no discounts in hotels; 2. lack of a vehicle fleet (old buses) 3. poor service on out-of-town excursions - no toilets on the route. 4. opinion about Russia that they rob us, shoot in the streets, and bears walk around....6. no maps or signs in English. (for foreigners) 7. lack of personnel - guides with the language, qualified tour guides, almost all at the amateur level.

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Many kilometers of transportation on a heavy truck, grueling crossings, dangerous swamps and rapids of turbulent rivers... If you are ready to overcome obstacles, the hardships of a long journey, changeable weather, in order to penetrate into places hidden from the idle eyes of ordinary people, protected places, then a trip to the Urals is your adventure. If you want, 20 minutes after getting off the train, to find yourself in a fairy-tale park, where gems lie under your feet, it’s almost impossible to get lost, and there are paths that both children and adults can handle, then a trip to the Urals is your active vacation.

This amazing region, 2.5 thousand km long, connects the Arctic Ocean and the steppes of Kazakhstan. It is deserted and densely populated, frosty and hot, Asian and European - with an amazing polyphony of natural landscapes, climatic zones, artifacts of different eras.

Subpolar Urals: hike to the highest peaks

The Subpolar Urals is one of the most interesting places region, which began to be explored by travelers back in the 30s. This harsh region It is far from the most visited due to the huge distances, which gives it the potential for high difficulty categories. Nelaskov here and the climate.

Most tourist routes in the subpolar Urals go through the Inta station. From here private traders in Ural-vakhtovka vehicles carry out transportation to mountainous areas, for example, to the “Welcome” shelter (located 136 km from the railway station). You can get there via local off-road roads in 8 hours.

From “Zhelanny”, where mountain quartz is mined, there are paths to to the highest peaks Ural Mountains - Narodnaya (1894), Karpinsky (1878), Manaraga (1820). There are many routes around them with amazing mountain landscapes, ridges and passes, stormy rivers with many channels. Daredevils try their hand at climbing these peaks, as well as a large number of smaller ones. high mountains and ridges - Saber, Protection, Impregnable.

Despite the fact that the passes and peaks have categories no higher than 2A, the combination of obstacles and the length of the route determine its 5th category of difficulty.

After all, to explore this northern merciless beauty, you need no less than 3 weeks. During this time, hikers walk or ski more than 300 km.

Rains, fogs, broken roads, swampy swamps, wide floods of rivers, where even a ford - up to the middle of the thigh, or even up to the waist - are serious summer tests even for well-prepared tourists. In winter it is easier to pass here, unless, of course, skiers are ready for the trail, which in some parts of their trip to the Urals reaches 80 cm, bitter frosts (up to -45 degrees) and gusty winds.

The most favorable period for summer trekking is the second half of July - the first half of August. But even at the height of summer, the weather changes frequently: the air temperature can fluctuate from 0 to +20 degrees, drizzling rain can be replaced by downpour, hail and even a blizzard. Snowfields and glaciers are often found. In summer, up to 1000 mm of precipitation falls, reducing the passability of hiking trails.

They usually take place in March and April. During this period, significant temperature changes are also noticeable - from 0 to - 45.

On the territory of the Yugyd Va National Park, where these natural attractions are located, travelers can wait out the bad weather in shelters, gullies, and huts that are sometimes found along the way. The cost of an overnight stay is 200-250 rubles. per person, although more recently, these structures were free shelters for tourists hiking in the Urals.

The exit from the route, as a rule, is through the Aranets pass and the village of Aranets, from where on foot or by boat (by agreement with local residents) you can get to the village of Koncebor. Goes here 2-3 times a week public transport(bus) to the city of Pechora or you can catch a ride. Travel time is about 2.5 hours.

There is another “entry point” to the tourist route along the subpolar Urals - the city of Vuktyl, popular among water tourists.

Keep in mind! Despite the fact that on the official website of the Yugyd Va park tourists are urged to obtain a special permit and pay for each day of stay on its territory, such rent has been repeatedly recognized as illegal by the court and the prosecutor’s office. The latest decision of the Vuktyl City Court of the Komi Republic entered into legal force on August 6, 2012 and was published on October 24, 2012 in the newspaper “Shine of the North”.

The activities of the Yugyd Va National Park are increasingly commercialized every year. And today his directorate offers services for organizing delivery by road, water and by air(by helicopter), publishes and distributes printed and souvenir products, charges fees for the use of shelters, etc. NP offices are located in the cities of Inta, Pechora, Vuktyl.

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Traveling through the Northern Urals: through the Dyatlov Pass to the Mansi Blockheads

A trip to the northern Urals is interesting not only for those who are attracted by hard-to-reach places far from civilization, the absence of nearby cities and towns, in general, game and wilderness.

Here is the legendary pass, where in 1959, under unclear and mysterious circumstances, Dyatlov’s tourist group tragically died. Today it is called the Dyatlov Pass. And the highlight of these places is the mysterious Manpupuner plateau with its majestic Mansi Blockheads, whose height is from 30 to 42 meters.

There are also many tourist routes around the Northern Urals in this area. People get here from both Europe and Asia. After all, the Urals are the border of continents.

In summer, the most convenient (but by no means budget-friendly - about 18 thousand rubles for a boat for 6 people) trip along the Pechora River, usually carried out by organized groups. This route is proposed by the directorate of the Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve, on whose territory the plateau is located. It is designed for 6 days, starts from Troitsko-Pechersk, from where participants are transported to the pier (60 km) for a fee. This journey through the northern Urals includes, in addition to 200 km. waterway, also 66 km. walking distance to and from Manpupuner. Most of it is occupied by a rather tedious road.

Anyone who wants to make a full-fledged hiking or skiing trip to the northern Urals chooses the path that lies from the Ivdel railway station, where the Moscow-Priobye train runs.

From Ivdel there is a transfer to the Auspiya River. Then they go on skis or on foot up the river to the Dyatlov Pass, which is located on the Belt Stone ridge. At the pass - commemorative plaques, reminiscent of the tragic events of 1959.

From here you can go down to the source of the great Pechora River, which in these places is just a stream meandering in the taiga forest, and make a radial route to the Manpupunier plateau.

If you return the same way, it will be the shortest hike to these sacred places. But it will also take 10 days due to the large distances - about 200 km. And the routes here can be laid out to suit every taste and almost any difficulty category from 2 to 5.

Keep in mind! Even before the start of your trip to the Urals, you must obtain a pass to the Pechora-Ilychsky Nature Reserve. This must be done in advance by sending an application by fax or email to the directorate at least two weeks before the trip. The cost of 1 day of stay on its territory in the summer of 2012 was 650 rubles. You can pay for the pass by transferring money to the reserve’s account.

Although, many tourists prefer an alternative option - paying a fine of 1000 rubles. on the spot. After all, the number of passes is limited, and on the dates of stay in the reserve specified in the application, you can simply “not get there,” for example, due to bad weather.

Southern Urals: Taganay National Park

Taganay – mountain ranges And national park next to Zlatoust, which, in comparison with the wild expanses of the polar and northern Urals, seems intimate. However, its area is 568 square meters. km, allows you to master interesting tourist routes across the Urals.

The central entrance to Taganay Park is located, literally, a 10-minute bus ride or half an hour’s walk from the railway station, in the village of Pushkinsky.

You can also enter its territory from Miass, Magnitka or Karabash. If you have a GPS navigator or you read a map well, then you can walk around Taganay without guides. This is much easier to do in winter than in summer. No swamps. Streams and lakes froze. Lots of well-trodden, stormy roads.

Taganay is several mountain ranges of which the highest is Bolshoi Taganay and its dominant, the most high point park – Kruglitsa (1112). Strong winds create amazing shapes from the snow here.

Bizarre rock outcrops in the Valley of Fairy Tales, the Responsive Ridge, the vertical walls of which repeatedly echo every spoken word, the weather station at the top of the Dalniy Taganay ridge (1114), from which an unprecedented view opens - these and other picturesque landscapes can be seen while moving on foot or on skis.

In the Taganay NP there are many category routes 1B-3A for experienced tourists, who can put up tents in specially designated areas supplied with firewood.

For lovers of “walking” recreation, families with children, there are 60 km of marked trails and 6 equipped shelters, located from each other at a distance of 7 to 24 km. So hikes in the southern Urals can be done with unprecedented comfort.

Overnight stay in houses is paid, from 400 rubles. per person per day, depending on the season and degree of comfort (although it is very conditional). Also, money is charged for setting up your own tent, using equipped trails and picnic areas with barbecues, etc. In general, the degree of commercialization is quite large, although entry to the territory and stay in the Taganay National Park is free.

The well-trodden nature of the trails and the large number of guests in winter and summer can scare away lovers of remote corners and deserted outskirts. But for those who are not yet ready for complex autonomous distances of hundreds of kilometers or whose team includes small tourists, this is an excellent option - traveling through the southern Urals with a minimum of risk and burden.

Introduction

Despite the dynamic growth of tourism over last years, Russia is still far behind leading countries in terms of the main indicators of tourism development. Tourism is considered as a source of financial income for the budget system of the Russian Federation, a means of increasing employment and quality of life of the population, a way to maintain the health of citizens, a basis for the development of the socio-cultural environment and the education of patriotism, as well as a powerful tool for education and the formation of a moral platform for the development of civil society.

Study current state tourism in the Russian Federation allows us to draw conclusions about positive dynamics in the development of this area. There is an increase in domestic and inbound tourist flows.

Russia, thanks to its unique natural and cultural potential, as well as interest foreign tourists as a new direction has every reason for the development of most types of tourism.

1. Tour development. industry at the moment

Over the past few years, holidays in the Southern Urals have been experiencing a tourist boom. Actively developing ski resorts, old sanatoriums, boarding houses and recreation centers are being transformed and new ones are being built. Guests and residents of the region are attracted by the picturesque nature, unique healing factors, historical and cultural monuments, Ural cities and villages. The Southern Urals are considered the land of lakes, of which there are more than 3 thousand. Holidays in the Chelyabinsk region also include ecologically clean areas, nature reserves and national parks.

To develop domestic tourism in the Chelyabinsk region, it is planned to create zones united by one theme and attractions. According to the authorities, the tourism sector should develop according to a cluster system. The emphasis will be on different types tourism: recreational, health, environmental, amateur, educational, industrial, event, sports and others. The creation of a tourism cluster in the Southern Urals was discussed by guests of the press center of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company "Southern Urals"

Currently, the regional Ministry of Culture is preparing an application for inclusion of the project in the federal target program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation for 2011 - 2018." If the Chelyabinsk region project receives federal support, the region will be provided with 1 billion rubles. for tourism development

The terrain of the Southern Urals allows you to expand the geography and the direction itself winter tourism, and winter species sports.

Currently, only 102 types of sports are cultivated in the Chelyabinsk region, including 17 winter sports, which are practiced by more than 55 thousand people.

The most popular are cross-country skiing - 27 thousand people, ice hockey - 13 thousand people, speed skating - 6.5 thousand people.

In recent years, thanks to the revival of the Spartakiad movement in Russia, new sports have been successfully developing in the region: freestyle, snowboarding, ski jumping, Nordic combined, curling, short track, sledding.

Today, winter sports have the following material base:

10 sports complexes With artificial ice,
261 ski resorts,
2 ski stadiums,
1 biathlon shooting range,
17 ski centers,
380 hockey fields, more than 300 skating rinks for public skating.

The unified regional calendar plan for physical education events and sports competitions provides for the holding of 400 winter sports events throughout the year. This includes regional sports competitions for students “Olympic Hopes of the Southern Urals”, sports competitions for students of primary, secondary and higher vocational education institutions, rural youth “Ural Snowstorm”, orphanages and boarding schools, among the disabled and the elderly.

In recent years, mass events have been revived, including the “Ski Track of Russia”, where from 30 to 40 thousand people participate, the “Golden Puck”, “Snow Ball”, “Silver Skates” tournaments, ski races for the prizes of the Council of the Ural Ski Battalions and annual competition for the prizes of the four-time Olympic champion in biathlon “V. Tikhonov’s Ski Track”, in the village of Uyskoye.

Work on preparing a sports reserve for winter sports is carried out in 65 sports schools and specialized departments with a total of 17,106 people involved. The best results are shown by the South Urals in the following disciplines: speed skating, hockey, alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, snowboarding, and curling.

The First Spartakiad of Russian Students left a bright mark in the memory of the residents of the Chelyabinsk region as a major sporting event and the result of fruitful work to strengthen the material base, purchase equipment and inventory for the development of winter sports. Using funds from the federal budget and other sources of funding, inventory and equipment worth more than 40 million rubles were purchased for sports facilities and sports schools.

The Chelyabinsk region, which has good experience in hosting major sporting events, and for the results achieved in youth sports, has been entrusted with the right to host the 1st Winter Spartakiad of Russian Youth, which starts in a month in 6 cities of the region. According to the decree of the Governor of the Chelyabinsk Region, 34.7 million rubles were allocated for the purchase of equipment and inventory, repair of sports facilities. Expenses from the federal budget for the preparation and organization of the Spartakiad will amount to 50 million rubles.

All sports equipment: machines for pouring ice, snow groomers for preparation ski slopes, snow cannons, equipment for bandy, alpine skiing, biathlon, luge and skeleton sleds and other equipment are transferred to sports facilities and children's sports schools.

Olympic training. The ice palace hosts training camps for over 15 thousand athletes from 30 regions of the country, and hosts more than 40 competitions and other events a year. Up to 500 thousand people use public skating services throughout the year.

The development of physical culture and sports, including winter sports, largely depends on the position of the heads of municipal authorities. New forms of physical culture and health-improving work are appearing in cities and regions, programs and comprehensive plans for improving the health of the population are being adopted. In Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Satka, Plast, Chebarkul and other territories, the construction of sports grounds, hockey courts, and ice towns is actively underway.

Currently, the task has been set to revive and create conditions for active recreation for South Urals residents through the construction, on co-financing terms, of illuminated ski slopes and other low-cost facilities. For these purposes, 25 million rubles have been allocated from the regional budget, and in 2017 similar facilities will appear in 15 municipalities.

2. Winter tourism industry

The tourism industry of the Chelyabinsk region consists of 17 ski centers, of which the most developed are: Abzakovo, Metallurg-Magnitogorsk, Adzhigardak (Asha), Zavyalikha (Trekhgorny) and Solnechnaya Dolina (Miass), included together with the sports -tourist complex “Golden Beach” included National Park sports and tourism "Turgoyak". The park is constantly developing, in 2015 the volume of investments amounted to 300 million rubles, the planned volume of investments by 2016 is 1.2 billion rubles. Up to 180 thousand people visit the center annually; the volume of services over the past year amounted to 150 million rubles. In the future, there is the creation of an international level infrastructure for competitions, active recreation, tourism and recreation with visits of up to 350 thousand people per year.

Ski center "Abzakovo" includes 13 ski slopes with artificial lighting and developed infrastructure, with a total capacity of 5 thousand people per hour. In 2015, the number of visitors amounted to 222 thousand people living not only in the Chelyabinsk region, but also in many other territories of the country.

In recent years, thanks to active advertising and information activities, the Chelyabinsk region has become attractive to tourists from other regions of Russia. Participation in numerous domestic and foreign exhibitions, holding promotional tours throughout the region, creating films, regular coverage of tourism resources in central media mass media allowed us to change attitudes towards the Chelyabinsk region. Every year the flow of tourists, including foreign ones, increases and currently amounts to about 80 thousand people per year. At the end of 2015, the region was awarded the Golden Crown prize in the category “Development of Inbound Tourism” of the international award “Tourism Industry Leaders”.

Sports tourism in the region is practiced in 885 associations, centers and stations of young tourists, the number of participants is more than 15 thousand people. Over 2 thousand hikes are held annually, in which up to 25 thousand people participate, and 56 tourist routes have been created.

6 universities, 2 colleges and 2 branches of SUSU in the branch of the Moscow International Academy of Tourism are engaged in training personnel in the field of tourism industry. 600 people are studying at SUSU, 350 people at UralGUFK. Student conferences and exhibitions on various tourism topics are held 2-3 times a year. The Chelyabinsk region is the initiator of the Russian Student Olympiad “Tourist Mecca”, which is held annually at SUSU with the participation of representatives from many regions of Russia.

In order to further effectively work to create a healthy lifestyle for the population of the region, organize leisure time, and attract young people to mass physical culture and sports, it is planned to implement:

- development of the law of the Chelyabinsk region “On physical culture and sports” in a new edition;
- development of the law of the Chelyabinsk region “On tourism” regarding the accreditation of tourist and recreational centers of the Chelyabinsk region”;
- further strengthening of the material and technical base of physical culture and sports: including construction ice palace in Chelyabinsk, a biathlon complex and a ski stadium in Zlatoust, physical education and sports complexes with artificial ice in the cities of Satka, Chebarkul, Snezhinsk, illuminated ski slopes in 15 municipalities;
- increase in the number of children and teenagers involved in winter sports in sports schools to 14.5% of the total number;
- ensure high-quality training of South Ural athletes for Russian national teams in winter sports, win at least 320 medals at all-Russian and international competitions;
- increase the number of workers employed in the tourism sector to 14.5 thousand people.

The Southern Urals are an ideal place for winter active recreation. Winter here is frosty and snowy, and the mountains covered with a white blanket shine in the sun, striking with their grandeur and beauty. An exotic journey on a horse-drawn sleigh or on horseback along forest and mountain paths passes along snow-covered spurs and ridges.

Holidays in the Urals have become a “return” for many tourists. And this is not surprising. The beauty of the Ural land is multifaceted. It is not possible to comprehend all the attractiveness of the Urals in one trip. Tours to the Urals will introduce you to this beauty. Starting from the southern part, the natural treasures of the Urals open up.

Geographical location: The Urals are located at the junction of Europe and Asia. The main part of the region is the Ural mountain system. Includes the Southern Urals, Middle Urals, Northern Urals, Subpolar Urals and Polar Urals.

You can experience all the delights of a real Russian winter only in the Southern Urals! Winter holidays in the Urals are not only about admiring the fabulous winter landscapes, but also about meeting the rich national traditions indigenous population while visiting small ancient Ural cities. It will also be a good idea to relax by engaging in active sports or making an unforgettable horseback riding trip. The Southern Urals seem to be specially created for a good winter pastime.

Conclusion

In winter, the main entertainment for active recreation lovers of the Urals and tourists coming to the Urals is horse riding. alpine skiing. In the Urals, like in any mountains, there are places to ride. There are many ski slopes here to suit every taste, many of them equipped with the latest technology. You can find trails for both professionals and those who are starting to ski or snowboard for the first time. Active recreation in nature will be remembered for a long time.

There are more than five dozen ski centers in the Urals total length more than 200 kilometers. The leaders in terms of quantity are Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions.

The largest ski centers in the Urals in terms of length of slopes.

You can also note the development of other types of winter active recreation. Great growth and interest of tourists from different regions. The general increase in lovers of active and passive recreation among schoolchildren, students and young people.

Every year, the Southern Urals are rapidly developing the tourism sector and especially winter tourism.

Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the Southern Urals is a promising direction for the development of winter tourism.

Bibliography

1. Geography of Tourism. Textbook A.Yu. Alexander2 - corrected edition. And an addition - M: KNORUS, 2009. - 592.
2. Alexandrova A. Yu. international tourism: Textbook / manual for universities. M.: Aspect Press, 2001.
3. Aleksandrova A. Yu. Structure of the tourist market: Textbook / manual for universities. M.: Solo-Press, 2002.
4. Ananyev M.A. International tourism. - M.: International relations

Introduction in Russia of the Institute of Entrepreneurship and the Federal Law “On the Procedure for Exit from the Russian Federation and Entry into Russian Federation” dated August 15, 1996 gave a powerful impetus to the generation of large-scale tourist flows.

The Ural region was no exception. Tourism industry organizations are being created to provide their services and organize tours throughout Russia and abroad. Comfortable hotels offer accommodation services for guests of the Urals both from Russia and foreign tourists and delegations.

The geographic location of the Urals, its natural and economic resources and attractions attract thousands of tourists every year. The concentration of activities of tourism enterprises are regional centers: Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Izhevsk, Orenburg, Kurgan. These cities are attractive both for leisure tourists and for business visits to the region. Since regional centers represent large industrial formations and the most important transport hubs. They concentrate political-administrative, organizational-economic, cultural-educational, scientific-research activities.

The Ural Mountains are also attractive for visiting guests of the region due to their fantastic nature and beauty. They separate the North from the South, separate the rivers flowing to the North from the rivers flowing to the South, and themselves serve as the source for many of them.

Also attracting tourists are the mines and mines located in the Urals, extracting precious metals and stones. As well as industrial enterprises. But besides this, there are various historical, cultural and scientific attractions of the Urals.

For example, the great Russian composer P.I. was born in Votkinsk. Tchaikovsky, after whom the city is named Perm region. How science Center The Urals are famous for their research and design institutes, which are closely connected with the life of the region, as well as Siberia and other regions of our country. All this, all the sights and values of the Urals arouse great interest and attract tourists, and business ties and cooperation are also expanding. Which, in turn, leads to investments in the tourism sector of the Urals.

The tourism sector is an important component of the economic activity of the Urals, as well as Russia as a whole. In light of the current economic difficulties in the country, and directly in the Ural region, due to downsizing of heavy industry enterprises, many people are left without work. Tourism ensures employment of the local population, occupancy of hotels, restaurants and entertainment events, and the receipt of foreign currency.

Since the tourism sector in the Urals is relatively young and developing, a significant amount of effort and Money. Today, hotels and boarding houses are being built in the Urals, and various entertainment establishments are opening. For better quality service, to comply with European standards, the aspect of training and education of personnel is very important. Work is underway in the field of cooperation between state tourism enterprises and the private sector in order to provide the necessary training to personnel.

Thus, tourism is based on the exploitation of local tourism resources, which leads to additional income in the Urals and in the country as a whole.

After a deep economic crisis that occurred due to the exhaustion of the potential of the socialist system, the collapse of the Soviet Union and the implementation of systemic economic reforms, the Urals, like the whole of Russia, is embarking on the path of stabilization and economic growth on a new socio-economic basis.

One of the prerequisites for the development of the Ural region is investment in the so-called human capital. Most economists believe that investments in human capital are now more important than investments in physical assets. Since the presence of fixed capital without human capital does not guarantee prosperity.

Another prerequisite is resources. Although natural resources are not regarded as a key factor in economic growth, but the possession of large reserves of non-renewable resources is a huge advantage over other regions of Russia. High security natural resources Ural creates good conditions for the development of a competitive raw materials sector.

Resource industries - primarily the production of oil, gas and non-ferrous metals - have the greatest chance of success in Russia. economic development. In the primary industries, production is falling much more slowly than in industry as a whole. The production of gas, aluminum, gold, and diamonds has remained virtually unchanged. The oil and gas industries are profitable and provide the lion's share of budget revenues in the form of income taxes, rent payments, and export taxes. In general, the Urals raw materials sector is today the most competitive of all industries and has the best chance of attracting large foreign investments.

The prospects for the development of industry, heavy engineering and light industry, remain at a low level. Revival is possible on a completely new technical basis.

Since the country’s economy as a whole faces the most important task - improving the sectoral structure, characterized by a high share of fuel and raw materials industries with a relatively low share of the sector of high-tech, knowledge-intensive industries and services. Then in the most important economic structures of the Urals there is an increase in the share of, for example, the electric power industry, fuel industries, metallurgy, which make up the country’s export potential.

In ferrous metallurgy, in the structure of the feedstock for steel production, the proportion of steel scrap decreases and the share of a less economical type of raw material, cast iron, increases.

In the future, the Ural region is expected to increase production output in the fuel and energy complex, metallurgy and food industry.

In the development of the fuel and energy complex, it is planned to increase the share of natural gas, deepen oil refining, gradually increase coal production, and update worn-out energy equipment. In the metallurgical complex, structural changes will be associated with the introduction of energy and resource-saving technologies. In mechanical engineering and metalworking, it is planned to expand the production of technological equipment and improve the production structure trucks by type of fuel consumed by increasing the share of cars with diesel engines, expanding the production of modern Vehicle and so on. The defense industry will preserve the most valuable elements of production capacity and support the development of the latest weapons at a limited number of enterprises. This will allow preserving the best resources of the military-economic potential of the Ural region.

To maintain the competitiveness of the light industry, a number of measures are planned to reduce costs in the industry and expand the range of its products.

Another prerequisite for the development of the Ural region is the attraction of foreign investment. The prospect of a significant increase in foreign investment is also evidenced by specific facts about the expansion of the activities of foreign investors in many sectors of the economy. Significant investments are expected in the gold mining industry. But particularly significant investments are being made in the oil industry.

A previously issued license - permission to search, explore and extract minerals - takes the form of an agreement-contract with a clear definition of the rights and obligations of the parties and sanctions in the event of violation of accepted obligations by the person receiving the license. Licenses cover the entire cycle - from the study and exploration of resources to their extraction. It is intended to maintain stability of conditions throughout the entire validity period of the licenses, regardless of possible adverse changes in tax or other legislation.

Of course, we cannot exclude the fact that not all the current plans of foreign investors will be realized. It should also be borne in mind that the expected capital investments, for example, in oil and gas production, will not be realized immediately, but over a number of years.

In general, the most important problem was and remains the creation of the necessary conditions for free private initiative both in the industrial production complex and in the sphere Agriculture and other areas of activity. What should be achieved in the future?

Fascinating tourist trip By Ural mountains this is simply a paradise for tourists: river rafting, hiking, descents into caves, extreme tourism in the air, on the water and in the mountains. We will help you choose popular tour or create a new direction, we'll give useful tips and show interesting photo trips and video reports.

Tourism in the Urals

Tourist hiking and water tourism, as well as speleological exploration of caves that allow you to dive into the depths of our planet and reveal the secrets of the underground world with your own eyes.

How pleasant is the physical fatigue of a mortal body during rest - after a whole day of hiking with a backpack on your back through a green forest, hills or mountains, how many thoughts will you change your mind while you are walking? natural environment human habitat, which is not an artificial man-made city. Wildlife with springs, rivers, forests and mountains - this is a real cozy home to live in.

And here you are, so tired in the evening after a delicious dinner with a pleasant heaviness in your stomach, sitting near the fire, around which intimate conversations are taking place, exposing people’s hearts and removing masks from their faces. Then you direct your gaze to the night sky, there, under the sky, a stunning view opens up - thousands of stars amid the darkness of the universe outline mysterious constellations, then the realization comes that for this moment it was worth going on a hike and enduring difficulties on the road all day. Hiking, is quite developed in the Ural region, you can go hiking in summer and winter, as there are many mountains and natural monuments that impress with their splendor and beauty, changing their appearance depending on the time of year, making the travel route more interesting and unforgettable.

There are also many rivers in the Urals that are suitable for water tourism (for kayaking and rafting), which attract travelers from different countries for getting thrills when overcoming dangerous rapids of a reservoir and also enjoying the contemplation of the amazing landscape. Most rivers are of the first and second categories of difficulty. The rivers are available for rafting from mid-May to September. For speleologists in the Urals there are many caves and grottoes for which people keen on underground travel have created speleological routes, some of which extend for tens or even hundreds of kilometers. Since the Urals are large and beautiful, we decided to describe routes for hiking and water sports tourism, as well as caves for speleologists. This information will be useful for those who like to combine extreme sport and outdoor tourism.

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